New Bio-Based Furanic Materials Effectively Absorb Metals from Water and Exert Antimicrobial Activity

Development of sustainable bio-based materials for removal of toxic contaminants from water is a high priority goal. Novel bio-based binary and ternary copolymers with enhanced ion-exchange, adsorption and antibacterial properties were obtained by using plant biomass-derived diallyl esters of furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as crosslinking agents and easily available vinyl monomers. The synthesized copolymer materials showed higher sorption capacities for Ni^II, Co^II and Cu^II compared to the commercial ion-exchange resins, and they maintained their high metal adsorption capacities for over 10 cycles of regeneration. The synthesized copolymer gels containing 1–5 wt % of the crosslinker showed excellent water absorption capacities. The synthesized copolymers with 1 % crosslinker content showed swelling ratios high enough to also act as moisture absorbents. Synthesized copolymers with crosslinker content of 10 wt % performed as contact-active antibacterials by inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, K. pneumonia) in suspension tests.     

新疆兵团水资源的人口承载力分析

水资源问题一直是困惑新疆兵团经济发展的主要问题,它包括水资源的潜力大小、水资源的合理开发利用等.本文应用灰色系统相关理论,针对新疆兵团水资源潜力的大小展开一些初步的分析和探讨,最后得出,新疆兵团在今后的30年,水资源的年开采量应该保持在可利用水资源总量的1%左右,承载人口容量应在400万～700万左右.     

A highly rigid diamine monomer derived from naturally occurring myo‐inositol and its use for polyamide synthesis

A rigid diamine was synthesized from myo‐inositol, a naturally occurring cyclic hexaol, and used as a monomer to synthesize polyamides. myo‐Inositol was treated with 1,1‐dimethoxycyclohexane to yield a bisketal bearing two hydroxyl groups, and from this bisketal, the target diamine was synthesized in three steps: (1) derivation of the diol into the corresponding bistriflate, (2) nucleophilic substitution of the bistriflate with sodium azide yielding a diazide, and (3) reduction of the diazide to the target diamine. The target diamine readily underwent polycondensation with dicarboxylic acid chloride in solution. The resulting polyamides, whose main chain inherited the rigid 5‐6‐5 system from the diamine monomers, have high glass transition temperatures. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 3436–3443     

山西省水资源实时监控系统运行情况分析——以晋祠泉域2012年度运行情况为例

通过分析晋祠泉域水资源实时监控系统2012年度的运行情况,证明山西省水资源实时监控系统确实能为我们采集取水量、水位埋深、水位高程等基础数据,为太原市进行地下水量变化、水位下降情况、水质变化情况的科学研究提供数据支撑。     

从安全发展视角看煤老板的历史命运

煤老板是私营煤矿主的代名词,他们在市场经济发展的一个特殊过程中出现,也起到过特殊的历史作用。由于造成安全事故,破坏生态环境,引起官煤勾结的腐败现象,在新一轮煤炭资源整合中,他们中的一部分将彻底退出历史舞台,一部分将转变为煤矿企业的股东。针对为煤老板辩护、反对煤炭资源整合的论点,本文分析了煤老板产生的历史过程,从安全视角探讨了煤炭资源整合的必要性和煤老板退出历史舞台的历史必然性,指出规模过小、安全技术低下,是矿难频发的重要原因,只有通过资源整合重组,使煤矿企业做大做强,才能够从根本上遏制矿难,实现安全发展。     

Reactive blends derived from modified soybean oil and silicone

Reactive blends prepared from methoxysilane terminated silicone polymers and silylated soybean oil are described and characterized. Although simple mixing of soy and silicones results in gross phase separation, homogeneous polymeric products are obtained by introducing reactive sites. These products can be used as protective coatings, additives to adhesives and new sealants. Exposure of the mixtures to moisture leads to hydrolysis of the methoxysilanes and subsequent condensation of the resulting silanols that yields stable siloxane linkages between the two immiscible phases. FTIR, TGA, and swell‐gel analyses indicate effective formation of these siloxane crosslinks. Reactive blends containing less than 20% silylated oil appeared completely transparent but increasing the soy content decreased the optical transparency. SEM micrographs reveal the silicone polymer as the continuous phase with individual spherical silylated soy oil particles distributed in it. The properties of these reactive blends vary from high elongation elastomers to high modulus resins depending on the composition. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 3086–3093     

Lignin‐based polymers via graft copolymerization

Lignin is an important source of synthetic materials because of its abundance in nature, low cost, stable supply, and no competition to the human food supply. Lignin, a cross‐linked phenolic polymer, contains a large number of aromatic groups that can be used as a substitute for petroleum‐based aromatic fine chemicals. However, modification of lignin is necessary for its application in advanced materials due to its chemically inert nature and structural complexity. Polymeric modification of lignin via graft copolymerization represents an important avenue for modification because this method forms stable covalent bond linkages between lignin and synthetic functional polymers. In this review, we discuss recent synthetic strategies toward polymeric modification of lignin using graft copolymerization and the special properties and applications of the produced lignin copolymers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 3515–3528     

Biodegradable aromatic copolyesters made from bicyclic acetalized galactaric acid

Random poly(hexamethylene terephthalate‐co‐galactarate)s and poly(dodecamethylene terephthalate‐co‐galactarate)s copolyesters covering the whole range of compositions were obtained with weight‐average molecular weights of ～30,000–50,000 g mol^?1 by melt polycondensation. They were thermally stable above 300 °C, and displayed T_g in the +20 to ?20 °C range with values steadily decreasing with the content in galactarate units. All the copolyesters were semicrystalline with T_m between 50 and 150 °C and those made from dodecanediol were able to crystallize from the melt at a crystallization rate depending on composition. Copolyesters containing up to 50% of galactaric units retained the crystal structure of their respective polyterephthalate homopolyesters, whereas they adopted the structure of the respective polygalactarates when the content in Galx units reached 70%. Stress‐strain essays revealed decay in the mechanical parameters as the aromatic units were replaced by Galx. Incubation in aqueous buffer revealed that hydrolysis of the polyesters were largely enhanced by copolymerization and evidenced the capacity of the Galx unit for making aromatic polyesters susceptible to biodegradation. A detailed NMR analysis complemented by SEM observations indicated that hydrolysis took place by preferred splitting of galactarate ester bonds with releasing of alkanediol and Galx‐diacid. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

论高校图书馆“数字资源宣传推介”体系建设

随着网络与信息技术的高速发展,数字资源成为高校图书馆信息资源的重要组成部分。面对海量数字资源,高校图书馆应构建"数字资源宣传推介"体系,搭建宣传推介平台,把握用户信息需求,培养馆员引导能力并争取馆领导支持,积极宣传数字资源,引导读者了解和使用数字资源,实现数字资源的价值最大化。