普陀山国内旅游者特征及行为调查分析

利用实地问卷调查数据,分析了普陀山国内旅游者人口学特征、国内客源地空间分布特征、旅游者动机和行为、旅游效果,以此为基础,论述了普陀山国内旅游市场结构存在的问题,提出了重视市场细分研究、塑造鲜明旅游地形象、加强配套设施建设等旅游产品开发建议.     

中国辩护律师追责体制的变革问题

辩护律师追责二元体制有其历史演变的渊源和职业主义理论基石,该体制改革的现实基础有辩护律师规模扩张和身份转变、辩护律师刑事责任适用频繁和行政责任与纪律责任区分不明。在辩护律师追责范式的域外比较方面,美国的法院主导模式、德国的律协主导模式和日本的律协独享模式值得借鉴,律师协会完全自治缺乏普适性,由其享有部分监管权反映了现代法治国家分权治理的基本原则。辩护律师追责二元体制的改革路径包括二元体制下的司法化改革、实现宏观监管和微观追责相对独立、纪律责任与行政责任的有效衔接。辩护律师承担民事赔偿应纳入监管体系,实现从“二元”体制到“准三元”体制的转变,促进辩护律师追责体制的立体化。     

基于改进RRT的无人机电力杆塔巡检路径规划

为了达到无人机在电力输电线路环境中能够进行有效的路径规划以及轨迹跟踪的目的,立足于RRT(Rapidly Exploring Random Trees)算法,提出一种在电力输电线路中适用于无人机的路径规划算法．该算法在融合无人机的动力学特性,及RRT扩展的随机性的基础上,通过设计最大航向角以及路径高度的约束,使得规划的路径在高度方向上向目标点渐进逼近,并能克服传统RRT在狭窄空间规划失败的问题.算法在ROS(Robot Operating System)-Gazebo环境中进行了仿真试验,验证了该算法在电力输电线路环境下的实用性.     

Natural convection heat transfer at reduced pressures

This paper experimentally studies the natural convection heat transfer characteristics on horizontal and vertical plates at pressures lower than atmospheric value. Eight different pressures ranging from 10Pa to 101.325kPa, and three heating loads were used in the experiments. It is found that natural convection heat transfer characteristics at reduced pressures are independent of the plate arrangements and present different behaviors in two pressure ranges, 10Pa < p < 1000Pa and p > 1000Pa. The experimental heat transfer results are correlated into a non-dimensional equation to help the thermal design of stratosphere aircrafts and airborne equipment.     

超导磁共振仪器设备国产化现状及挑战

磁共振在化学分析和医学影像等领域发挥着不可或缺的作用，而磁共振仪器设备是开展磁共振研究的必要前提.长期以来，国外仪器厂商在我国磁共振仪器市场居于垄断地位.近年来，随着我国在磁共振仪器研发和产业化方面不断取得进展，市场份额为外商垄断的局面已大为改观.本文调研综述了我国磁共振仪器设备研制的现状，以及面临的若干挑战.     

增升装置中的流动控制技术

阐述了襟翼涡流发生器、主翼后缘偏折技术、Zhu’s襟翼、自激励运动襟翼、零质量射流、等离子体技术以及动力增升等各类主动控制技术的工作原理及其增升效果分析和具体应用情况.结果表明,这些流动控制新技术对于进一步提高民用飞机的增升效果具有巨大的潜力.     

论加强公务员廉耻教育

作为国家公职人员,公务员不仅是社会公共事务的管理者,更代表着政府和国家形象,因此,知廉耻是我国公务员的基本道德要求。改革开放后,虽然党和政府重视公务员的廉耻教育,但效果并不令人满意。在新形势下,我们必须探明公务员廉耻教育缺失的原因,有针对性地通过开展社会主义核心价值观教育、丰富廉耻教育的内容和形式、加强法制建设、健全监督机制等四个方面来解决公务员廉耻教育存在的问题,从而培养公务员正确的廉耻观和荣辱观,提高其道德水准。     

基于生物-生态耦合工艺的农村生活污水处理研究

开发低投资、低能耗、低维护的生活污水处理工艺是解决农村污水处理问题的关键。采用无动力升流式厌氧生物滤池(UAF)与潜流式人工湿地(SFW)耦合工艺处理农村生活污水,考察了耦合工艺在不同水力停留时间(HRT)下对生活污水的处理效果,并通过增加SFW内的植株密度改善脱氮除磷效果。结果表明:UAF与SFW耦合工艺无动力消耗,免维护,适合农村地区的生活污水处理,对氮、磷的去除主要依靠SFW阶段完成,通过增加芦苇的植株密度可以明显增强SFW内生物的脱氮除磷能力,并保证UAF与SFW耦合工艺的处理性能稳定在较高水平。在t(HRT)UAF=18h,t(HRT)SFW=3d的条件下,UAF与SFW耦合工艺出水COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷的平均质量浓度分别为44.07,4.25,13.36和0.44mg/L,达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。     

The enormity of the zinc deficiency problem and available solutions; an overview

The societal cost of micronutrient deficiency (MND) or the “hidden hunger” is in millions of dollars/year, reducing the GDP of some countries by as much as 11%. Zn is an important micronutrient for both plants and animals. An estimated 17% of the world population, or around 1.1 billion people, are at the risk of zinc (Zn) deficiency. The deficiency has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes, stunted growth, premature deaths, immune system dysfunctions, neuro-behavioral disorders, and recently with the failure to recover from COVID-19. These health risks associated with Zn deficiency have compelled FAO and WHO to recommend Zn fortification of diet. Correcting Zn deficiency is a challenge due to several reasons. Close to half of the agricultural soils are Zn deficient, and chemical Zn fertilizers are costly and ineffective. Developing Zn-rich crops through plant breeding and genetic engineering is challenging. Zn-dense diet is costly and cannot be implemented in the low-income region most affected by Zn deficiency. Lack of consensus among regulatory bodies on defining and diagnosing Zn deficiency in plants and Humans. Awareness and other sociocultural issues. Among the most important available solutions are zinc biofortification of the cereal crops, use of zinc biofertilizers, development of Zn-efficient crops with reduced phytate content. The use of Zn supplements, dietary modification, and diversification, especially with fish, are proposed as the most accessible and affordable solutions. Awareness programs in areas suffering the most from Zn deficiency are required. Despite the suggestions from FAO and WHO, global efforts to combat Zn deficiency matching those for combating diseases like HIV are not in place. Coordinated efforts of the international community, especially policy-makers, agricultural scientists, dieticians, physicians, and others, are required to address the issue of hidden hunger.     

从价格的演变历程浅析国内民航运输价格改革

从价格的演变历程入手,对目前民航客运价格存在的问题及成因进行初步分析,提出价格改革的思路,进而促进相关垄断行业的改革与发展.