Functional Interdependence in Coupled Dissipative Structures: Physical Foundations of Biological Coordination

Coordination within and between organisms is one of the most complex abilities of living systems, requiring the concerted regulation of many physiological constituents, and this complexity can be particularly difficult to explain by appealing to physics. A valuable framework for understanding biological coordination is the coordinative structure, a self-organized assembly of physiological elements that collectively performs a specific function. Coordinative structures are characterized by three properties: (1) multiple coupled components, (2) soft-assembly, and (3) functional organization. Coordinative structures have been hypothesized to be specific instantiations of dissipative structures, non-equilibrium, self-organized, physical systems exhibiting complex pattern formation in structure and behaviors. We pursued this hypothesis by testing for these three properties of coordinative structures in an electrically-driven dissipative structure. Our system demonstrates dynamic reorganization in response to functional perturbation, a behavior of coordinative structures called reciprocal compensation. Reciprocal compensation is corroborated by a dynamical systems model of the underlying physics. This coordinated activity of the system appears to derive from the system’s intrinsic end-directed behavior to maximize the rate of entropy production. The paper includes three primary components: (1) empirical data on emergent coordinated phenomena in a physical system, (2) computational simulations of this physical system, and (3) theoretical evaluation of the empirical and simulated results in the context of physics and the life sciences. This study reveals similarities between an electrically-driven dissipative structure that exhibits end-directed behavior and the goal-oriented behaviors of more complex living systems.     

两嵌段共聚物在本体中自组装的耗散粒子动力学模拟研究

采用耗散粒子动力学(Dissipative particle dynamics,DPD)方法研究了线形两嵌段共聚物在本体中的自组装。通过改变两嵌段共聚物之间的比例、相互作用参数以及盒子的大小来研究对自组装结构的影响。这些模拟结果不仅与理论预测和实验结果相一致,而且证明了耗散粒子动力学方法是一种非常适合研究嵌段共聚物自组装行为的重要方法。     

腔光机械谐振器的动力学耗散冷却（英文）

基于光机械耦合系统,详细研究了该系统的动力学冷却问题,比较了强耦合系统中不同的光学腔模型耗散率对平均声子数的影响.在一定的范围内,腔耗散率越大,平均声子数越小,并且有更大的腔耗散率,平均声子数才能快速地达到瞬态冷却极限,即通过增大腔耗散率,能加速系统的冷却过程.对于强耦合系统,随着耦合强度的增加,平均声子数出现周期性的振荡,且随着腔耗散率的增大而快速的减小,最后达到一个冷却极限.相反,对于弱耦合体系,平均声子数随着腔耗散率的增大而快速的增大,而后达到一个稳定的平衡态,且随着耦合强度的增大,不会出现周期性的振荡.因此,在弱耦合系统中,增大腔耗散率有可能会加速系统的热过程.     

Dissipative Heating of a Viscoelastic Cylinder under a Load Steadily Moving over Its Surface

The Fourier method is used to find the analytical solutions to two-dimensional quasistatic problems of stationary polyharmonic vibrations and dissipative heating of a linearly viscoelastic cylinder. The influence of the cylinder thickness and the width of the loading area on the thermomechanical state of the cylinder is studied based on numerical data__________Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 23–32, February 2005.     

The chaotic response of a fluttering panel: The influence of maneuvering

The influence of maneuvering on the chaotic response of a fluttering buckled plate on an aircraft has been studied. The governing equations, derived using Lagrangian mechanics, include geometric non-linearities associated with the occurrence of tensile stresses, as well as coupling between the angular velocity of the maneuver and the elastic degrees of freedom. Numerical simulation for periodic and chaotic responses are conducted in order to analyze the influence of the pull-up maneuver on the dynamic behavior of the panel. Long-time histories phase-plane plots, and power spectra of the responses are presented. As the maneuver (load factor) increases, the system exhibits complicated dynamic behavior including a direct and inverse cascade of subharmonic bifurcations, intermittency, and chaos. Beside these classical routes of transition from a periodic state to chaos, our calculations suggest amplitude modulation as a possible new mode of transition to chaos. Consequently this research contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms through which the transition between periodic and strange attractors occurs in, dissipative mechanical systems. In the case of a prescribed time dependent maneuver, a remarkable transition between the different types of limit cycles is presented.Nomenclature a plate length - a _r u _r /h - D plate bending stiffness - E modulus of elasticity - g acceleration due to gravity - h plate thickness - j₁,j₂,j₃ base vectors of the body frame of reference - K spring constant - M Mach number - n 1 + ₀/g - N ₁ applied in-plane force - p–p aerodynamic pressure - P pa ⁴/Dh - q ₀/2 - Q _r generalized Lagrangian forces - R rotation matrix - R ₄ N, a ²/D - t time - kinetic energy - u plate deflection - u displacement of the structure - u _r modal amplitude - v₀ velocity - x coordinates in the inertial frame of reference - z coordinates in the body frame of reference - Ka/(Ka+Eh) - - elastic energy - 2qa ³/D - a/_mh - Poisson's ratio - material coordinates - air density - _m plate density - - _r prescribed functions - _r sin(r z/a) - angular velocity - a/v₀ - skew-symmetric matrix form of the angular velocity     

Dissipation of a two-mode squeezed vacuum state in the single-mode amplitude damping channel

We explore how a two-mode squeezed vacuum state sechθ e^{a+b+ tanh θ} |00> evolves when it undergoes a singlemode amplitude dissipative channel with rate of decay κ. We find that in this process not only the squeezing parameter decreases, tanh θ → e^-κt tanh θ, but also the second-mode vacuum state evolves into a chaotic state exp{b⁺bln[1 - e^-2κt tanh² θ]}. The outcome state is no more a pure state, but an entangled mixed state.     

Unitarily invariant norm inequalities for accretive–dissipative operator matrices

An open question raised in Lin and Zhou (2013) [13] is answered.     

An approach to generate deterministic Brownian motion

We propose an approach for generation of deterministic Brownian motion. By adding an additional degree of freedom to the Langevin equation and transforming it into a system of three linear differential equations, we determine the position of switching surfaces, which act as a multi-well potential with a short fluctuation escape time. Although the model is based on the Langevin equation, the final system does not contain a stochastic term, and therefore the obtained motion is deterministic. Nevertheless, the system behavior exhibits important characteristic properties of Brownian motion, namely, a linear growth in time of the mean square displacement, a Gaussian distribution, and a −2 power law of the frequency spectrum. Furthermore, we use the detrended fluctuation analysis to prove the Brownian character of this motion.     

Dissipative operators and additive perturbations in locally convex spaces

Let be a densely defined operator on a Banach space X. Characterizations of when generates a C₀‐semigroup on X are known. The famous result of Lumer and Phillips states that it is so if and only if is dissipative and is dense in X for some . There exists also a rich amount of Banach space results concerning perturbations of dissipative operators. In a recent paper Tyran–Kamińska provides perturbation criteria of dissipative operators in terms of ergodic properties. These results, and others, are shown to remain valid in the setting of general non–normable locally convex spaces. Applications of the results to concrete examples of operators on function spaces are also presented.     

甚低频电磁波穿透地层无线通信系统若干问题的探讨

从电磁波的经典理论Maxwell方程出发，根据甚低频电磁波在地层中的传播特点，提出实现甚低频电磁波穿透地层无线电通信系统模式，并对其中的若干重要问题进行分析探讨。