木香根腐病发生及其危害的调查研究

通过对重庆南川木香主产区内根腐病的调查,结合不同环境条件进行分析,初步得出木香根腐病的发生与海拔高度、地势高低、土壤类型、耕作制度及管理水平等密切相关.在土壤含水量高、排水不畅的粘土地块,根腐病发生严重.特别是连作田,随着连作时间的延长,病害发生加重.此外,根据发病率、病情指数与木香产量损失率之间的关系研究发现,移栽的第2年(3年生)根腐病发病明显,建议此时进行综合防治以减少木香产量的损失.     

Role of Natural Compounds and Target Enzymes in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological condition. The rising prevalence of AD necessitates the rapid development of efficient therapy options. Despite substantial study, only a few medications are capable of delaying the disease. Several substances with pharmacological activity, derived from plants, have been shown to have positive benefits for the treatment of AD by targeting various enzymes, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), β-secretase, γ-secretase, and monoamine oxidases (MAOs), which are discussed as potential targets. Medicinal plants have already contributed a number of lead molecules to medicine development, with many of them currently undergoing clinical trials. A variety of medicinal plants have been shown to diminish the degenerative symptoms associated with AD, either in their raw form or as isolated compounds. The aim of this review was to provide a brief summary of AD and its current therapies, followed by a discussion of the natural compounds examined as therapeutic agents and the processes underlying the positive effects, particularly the management of AD.     

Investigation Driven by Network Pharmacology on Potential Components and Mechanism of DGS,a Natural Vasoprotective Combination,for the Phytotherapy of Coronary Artery Disease

Phytotherapy offers obvious advantages in the intervention of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), but it is difficult to clarify the working mechanisms of the medicinal materials it uses. DGS is a natural vasoprotective combination that was screened out in our previous research, yet its potential components and mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, in this study, HPLC-MS and network pharmacology were employed to identify the active components and key signaling pathways of DGS. Transgenic zebrafish and HUVECs cell assays were used to evaluate the effectiveness of DGS. A total of 37 potentially active compounds were identified that interacted with 112 potential targets of CAD. Furthermore, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, relaxin, VEGF, and other signal pathways were determined to be the most promising DGS-mediated pathways. NO kit, ELISA, and Western blot results showed that DGS significantly promoted NO and VEGFA secretion via the upregulation of VEGFR2 expression and the phosphorylation of Akt, Erk1/2, and eNOS to cause angiogenesis and vasodilation. The result of dynamics molecular docking indicated that Salvianolic acid C may be a key active component of DGS in the treatment of CAD. In conclusion, this study has shed light on the network molecular mechanism of DGS for the intervention of CAD using a network pharmacology-driven strategy for the first time to aid in the intervention of CAD.     

Neuroprotective Effect of Caffeine in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, predicted to be the most significant health burden of the 21st century, with an estimated 131.5 million dementia patients by the year 2050. This review aims to provide an overview of the effect of caffeine on AD and cognition by summarizing relevant research conducted on this topic. We searched the Web of Science core collection and PubMed for studies related to the effect of caffeine on AD and cognition using title search terms: caffeine; coffee; Alzheimer’s; cognition. There is suggestive evidence from clinical studies that caffeine is neuroprotective against dementia and possibly AD (20 out of 30 studies support this), but further studies, such as the “ideal” study proposed in this review, are required to prove this link. Clinical studies also indicate that caffeine is a cognitive normalizer and not a cognitive enhancer. Furthermore, clinical studies suggest the neuroprotective effect of caffeine might be confounded by gender. There is robust evidence based on in vivo and in vitro studies that caffeine has neuroprotective properties in AD animal models (21 out of 22 studies support this), but further studies are needed to identify the mechanistic pathways mediating these effects.     

桥本病合并甲状腺功能亢进临床分析

为探讨桥本病合并甲状腺功能亢进的临床特征及其诊断、治疗、预后，对1985～2002年间收治的桥本病176例进行回顾性分析。结果表明，桥本病合并甲状腺功能亢进的发病率为5．1％，桥本病一过性甲状腺功能亢进的发病率16．5％，手术治疗24例，低功5例，提示临床医师应重视桥本病、桥本病一过性甲状腺功能亢进及合并甲状腺功能亢进疾病的认识。诊断性用药、细针穿刺活检、T3、T4及吸碘率的测定对于明确诊断有重要意义，术中直视观察有助于甲状腺功能低下的预防，对一些一过性功能亢进而有呼吸道压迫症状的病人，术中尽量保留正常的甲状腺组织。     

大剂量前列腺素E1冲击治疗糖尿病足合并动脉病变前瞻性研究

目的观察大剂量前列腺素E1冲击治疗对糖尿病足合并外周动脉病变患者的疗效,并探讨其可能机制.方法前瞻性选取Wagner I~Ⅲ级的糖尿病足患者139例,分为大剂量前列腺素E1组(观察组)79例、传统计量组(对照组)60例.在给予常规治疗基础上,观察组给予前列腺素E1(40μg/d),连续治疗7 d,对照组给予常规剂量前列腺素E1(10μg/d),连续治疗14 d,随访3个月.分别与治疗前和治疗1个疗程后取糖尿病足创面中心肉芽组织行病理学观察,并采用ELISA法测定其中的NGF含量,放射免疫法测定EGF含量.比较两组患者治疗后3个月时伤口愈合情况、截肢率、踝肱指数和疼痛程度.结果观察组治疗1个疗程后创面组织HE染色可见新肉芽组织形成,对照组也可见新肉芽组织形成,但新生血管较少.治疗1个疗程后观察组患者NGF和EGF含量明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).治疗后3个月,观察组WagnerⅡ~Ⅲ级患者创面愈合率均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组WagnerⅡ级创面愈合时间明显短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者截肢率之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05).治疗后3个月,观察组WagnerⅡ级治疗后踝肱指数明显高于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).观察组患者VAS评分均明显低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).结论大剂量前列腺素E1冲击治疗可明显提升WagnerⅡ~Ⅲ级合并外周动脉病变糖尿病足患者创面愈合率,缩短WagnerⅡ级患者愈合时间,缓解下肢疼痛;其可能机制与提升NGF,EGF因子水平有关.     

基于NMF技术探寻早期AD基因表达调控网络

利用非负矩阵分解(NMF)技术,依据加强算法的稀疏性对患早期阿尔茨海默症(AD)样本的基因表达数据进行分析,提取对疾病早期诊断具有重要意义的显著基因,样本分类实验结果证明了算法的有效性.在此基础上,结合与炎症反应有重要关系的NF-κB等基因初步建立了与早期AD密切相关的基因表达调控网络结构图,为AD致病机理的探询、早期诊断与治疗等提供了有益的途径和方法.     

Distribution of correlation dimensions of synchronous 12-lead ECG signals

Correlation dimensionsD ₂ of the synchronous 12-lead ECG signals have been investigated for the first time by distributed multi-sensor (multi-electrode) technique. The results show that correlation dimension of heart has the distributed characteristics.D ₂ calculated from different lead ECG signals is not a constant regardless of a healthy person or a coronary heart disease (CHD) patient with sinus rhythm. But with the same lead signal,D ₂ of CHD patients is evidently smaller than that of a healthy person except I, II, III leads. A healthy person and CHD patient can be identified byD ₂ statistically andD ₂ shows the potential application in the diagnosis of the CHD patients.     

蕲艾油对尿酸的增溶作用

通过紫外光谱和高效液相色谱研究了蕲艾油对尿酸的增溶作用，探讨了蕲艾油治疗痛风病的作用机制。实验结果表明：在人体正常体温37℃下，蕲艾油可使尿酸溶解度提高1倍左右，且随着蕲艾油浓度增大尿酸的溶解度增大。     

实验性兔出血症病理形态学动态观察

本试验应用光镜、电镜技术,对人工感染兔出血症病毒(RHDV)的成年兔、30～40日龄幼兔以及自然感染死亡病例的各种组织器官进行了病理形态学动态观察。结果表明,成年兔对本病毒易感,表现出与自然病例相似的典型变化,而30～40日龄幼兔则易感性低,缺乏特征病变。在患兔的肝细胞中观察到病毒粒子呈散在或聚集成包涵体样存在于核内及胞浆中,佐证本病毒为DNA病毒。