The effect of OH radicals on Cr–I spectral lines emitted by DC glow discharges

The intensity distribution of the Cr–I 428.97 nm resonant and 520.60 nm non-resonant lines was studied as a function of the distance from the anode in a low pressure DC-GD fitted with a Cr metal cathode and operated in various gas atmospheres, including helium (P = 4 mbar), ambient air and water vapor (P = 0.8 mbar). In the helium and ambient air atmospheres, the intensity peaks occurred in the near cathode region (cathode glow) in accordance with the literature. When operated in water vapor, however, the Cr–I 428.97 nm resonant line disappeared, whereas the intensity of the non-resonant 520.60 nm line was enhanced. This result may be attributed to resonant energy transfer collisions taking place between OH radicals excited to the first vibrational level and Cr^*₄₂₈ atoms excited to the z⁷P⁰ upper level of the 428.97 nm transition. The similar gas phase composition encountered with a DC electrolyte cathode atmospheric pressure glow discharge (ELCAD) and the Cr metal cathode GD operating under a low pressure of water vapor suggests that the zero intensity of the Cr resonance lines (428.97 nm, 360.53 nm) produced in the ELCAD may be attributed to similar energy transfer processes. Our results show that the intensity of the Cr–I 520.60 nm line can be used for analytical purposes in the ELCAD.     

Atomic transition probabilities for selected Yb II lines emitted from a ferroelectric plasma source

The relative intensities of several hundred emission lines of Yb II between 200 nm and 900 nm were obtained with the use of ferroelectric plasma source. These relative intensities obtained for lines from 21 energy levels have been used to determine the line branching fractions, which have then been combined with accurate experimental radiative lifetime measurements to give absolute transition probabilities for 111 Yb II lines. The obtained values were compared with theoretical and experimental data taken from available literature.     

Influence of clay surface modification with urethane groups on the crystallization behavior of in situ polymerized poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

The crystallization behavior and fine structure of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) nanocomposites with intercalation (30B20) and exfoliation (30BM20) morphologies, respectively, were investigated via isothermal crystallization testing and synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The dynamic viscosity of 30BM20 was markedly increased due to favorable interactions between the PBS matrix and the urethane group on the clay surface. However, 30BM20 showed similar crystallization rates to that of homo PBS because the surface urethane modification for 30BM20 precluded PBS matrix from the metallic group into clay to difficult in contact with each other, resulting in a reduced nucleation activity for the metallic group. SAXS profiles revealed that the long period and amorphous region size for 30B20 drastically decreased during isothermal crystallization. Meanwhile, 30BM20 was similar to those of homo PBS. This result also supports the above explanation for isothermal crystallization behavior. Considering all results in total, the introduction of a urethane modification considerably enhanced the physical properties of PBS but caused delayed crystallization rates.     

The new ternary pnictides Er12Ni30P21 and Er13Ni25As19: Crystal structures and magnetic properties

The new ternary pnictides Er₁₂Ni₃₀P₂₁ and Er₁₃Ni₂₅As₁₉ have been synthesized from the elements. They crystallize with hexagonal structures determined from single-crystal X-ray data for Er₁₂Ni₃₀P₂₁ (space group P6₃/m, a=1.63900(3) nm, c=0.37573(1) nm, Z=1, R_F=0.062 for 1574 F-values and 74 variable parameters), and for Er₁₃Ni₂₅As₁₉ (Tm₁₃Ni₂₅As₁₉-type structure, space group P6?, a=1.6208(1) nm, c=0.38847(2) nm, Z=1, R_F=0.026 for 1549 F-values and 116 variable parameters). These compounds belong to a large family of hexagonal structures with a metal-metalloid ratio of 2:1. HRTEM investigations were conducted to probe for local ordering of the disordered structure at the nanoscale. The magnetic properties of the phosphide Er₁₂Ni₃₀P₂₁ have been studied in the temperature of range 2<T<300 K and with applied fields up to 5 T. The magnetic susceptibility follows the Curie-Weiss law from 4 to 300 K. The measured value of μ_eff=9.59 μ_B corresponds to the theoretical value of Er³⁺.     

Ferromagnetic ordering in ThSi2 type CeAu0.28Ge1.72

The compound CeAu_0.28Ge_1.72 crystallizes in the ThSi₂ structure type in the tetragonal space group I4₁/amd with lattice parameters a=b=4.2415(6) Å c=14.640(3) Å. CeAu_0.28Ge_1.72 is a polar intermetallic compound having a three-dimensional Ge/Au polyanion sub-network filled with Ce atoms. The magnetic susceptibility data show Curie-Weiss law behavior above 50 K. The compound orders ferromagnetically at ∼8 K with estimated magnetic moment of 2.48 μ_B/Ce. The ferromagnetic ordering is confirmed by the heat capacity data which show a rise at ∼8 K. The electronic specific heat coefficient (γ) value obtained from the paramagnetic temperature range 15-25 K is∼124(5) mJ/ mol K². The entropy change due to the ferromagnetic transition is ∼4.2 J/mol K which is appreciably reduced compared to the value of R ln(2) expected for a crystal-field-split doublet ground state and/or Kondo exchange interactions.     

Three new 3-D inorganic-organic coordination polymers constructed from polyoxovanadate-based heterometallic network and flexible bis(imidazole) ligand: Syntheses, structures and properties

Three new 3-D inorganic-organic polyoxovanadate-based coordination polymers [M₂(bbi)(V₂O₆)₂(H₂O)₂] [M = Co (1), Mn (2)] and [Ni₂(bbi)₃V₄O₁₂]·4H₂O (3) (bbi = 1,1-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole)) have been synthesized under hydrothermal condition and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, TG and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The 3-D networks of compounds 1 and 2 are constructed from neutral {M₂V₄O₁₂} [M = Co (1), Mn (2)] layers that are pillared via the coordination of organic ligands bbi to M sites. Compound 3 is a 3-D eight-connected network, in which each binuclear [Ni₂O₄N₆] node linked with other eight adjacent nodes through two {V₄O₁₂}⁴⁻ clusters and six bbi ligands. The electrochemical behaviors of 1-3 modified carbon paste electrodes (1-CPE, 2-CPE and 3-CPE) in 1 M H₂SO₄ aqueous solution have been reported.     

堵塞比对波纹板隔热屏冷却性能影响

以一种气膜冷却的波纹板隔热屏为研究对象,在保持波纹板隔热屏的波纹长度、波纹高度、以及开孔方式不变的情况下,通过在次流通道添加不同大小的堵塞物得到一系列不同堵塞比的几何模型,并基于Navier-Stokes方程组建立了流场三维数值计算模型,进行了流/热/固耦合数值模拟研究,获得了不同堵塞比对隔热屏壁面Nu、气膜冷却效果、冷流体热负荷、以及气膜孔流量系数的影响规律。结果表明：隔热屏热侧壁面Nu受堵塞比影响不大,冷侧壁面Nu在距离堵塞物较远处受堵塞比影响不大,在距离堵塞物较近处随堵塞比的增大而减小;气膜冷却效果在隔热屏主流背风侧靠近波谷处较高,在主流迎风侧靠近波峰处较低,隔热屏的综合平均冷却效果受堵塞比的影响不大;隔热屏单位面积冷流体热负荷随堵塞比增大而线性增大;气膜孔流量系数受堵塞比的影响不大,其最大值相比最小值变化了4.05%。     

Different self-assembly behaviors of mono-modified β-cyclodextrin substituted by benzoic acid derivatives

The mono-modified β-cyclodextrin derivative,6-O-(4-aminobenzoyl)-β-cyclodextrin(1) ,was synthesized and characterized. We compared its self-assembling behavior with structurally related β-cyclodextrin derivative,6-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-βcyclodextrin(2) ,in aqueous solution and in the solid state using NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The two complexes displayed different self-assembling behaviors.Complex 1 formed a head-to-tail helical columnar superstructure in which the substit...     

600MPa钢筋混凝土十字形柱抗震性能参数分析

为研究600 MPa钢筋混凝土十字形柱的抗震性能,对4个不同轴压比的试件进行低周往复荷载试验。研究结果表明600 MPa钢筋混凝土十字形柱的滞回曲线饱满对称,耗能能力良好;采用ABAQUS软件对试件进行有限元分析,对比分析试件的滞回曲线和骨架曲线,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。在此基础上,分析配箍率、钢筋强度和配筋率对600 MPa钢筋混凝土十字形柱抗震性能的影响。分析结果表明:随着配箍率增大,试件的极限承载力提高;随着钢筋强度的提高,试件的峰值荷载增大,塑性变形能力增强,抗震性能得到改善;随着配筋率增大,试件的滞回环更加饱满,耗能能力增强,但刚度退化加速。