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41.
Richard J. Wiener Philip W. Hammer Charles E. Swanson David C. Samuels Russell J. Donnelly 《Journal of statistical physics》1991,64(5-6):913-926
Taylor-Couette flow subject to a Coriolis force is studied experimentally and numerically. In the experiment, the Couette apparatus is mounted on a turntable with the axis of the cylinders orthogonal to the rotation vector of the turntable. The Coriolis force stabilizes the fluid against the onset of Taylor vortices and alters the velocity fields, both above and below the transition from the initial flow. At small dimensionless turntable frequencies, the transition yields time-independent Taylor vortices which are tilted with respect to the cylinder axis. At larger there is a direct transition to turbulence. We determine the first-order correction to the classical Couette initial flow, to account for the effects of the Coriolis force, by expanding in powers of. We present numerical results for the axial velocity (the only nonvanishing correction term to order) in the infinite-cylinder approximation. 相似文献
42.
Fluorous reverse-phase silica gel (FRPSG)-supported Lewis acids which have fluorous ligands acted as effective catalysts of Baeyer-Villiger and Diels-Alder reactions in water. Direct esterification of carboxylic acid with alcohol in organic media was also catalyzed. The FRPSG-supported Lewis acids could be recycled by simple filtration after the reaction. 相似文献
43.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(1):1198-1228
Vanadate and vanadium compounds exist in many environmental, biological and clinical matrices, and despite the need only limited progress has been made on the analysis of vanadium compounds. The vanadium coordination chemistry of different oxidation states is known, and the result of the characterization and speciation analysis depends on the subsequent chemistry and the methods of analysis. Many studies have used a range of methods for the characterization and determination of metal ions in a variety of materials. One successful technique is high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) that has been used mainly for measuring total vanadium level and metal speciation. Some cases have been reported where complexes of different oxidation states of vanadium have been separated by HPLC. Specifically reversed phase (RP) HPLC has frequently been used for the measurement of vanadium. Other HPLC methods such as normal phase, anion-exchange, cation-exchange, size exclusion and other RP-HPLC modes such as, ion-pair and micellar have been used to separate selected vanadium compounds. We will present a review that summarizes and critically analyzes the reported methods for analysis of vanadium salts and vanadium compounds in different sample matrices. We will compare various HPLC methods and modes including sample preparation, chelating reagents, mobile phase and detection methods. The comparison will allow us to identify the best analytical HPLC method and mode for measuring vanadium levels and what information such methods provide with regard to speciation and quantitation of the vanadium compounds. 相似文献
44.
K. J. Hyver 《Journal of separation science》1988,11(1):69-72
For clinical and environmental analyses utilizing capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), increased sensitivity and speed of analysis are highly desirable. These performance advantages are realized using a WCOT column of 100 μm i.d. as compared to the more conventional 200 μm i.d. capillary columns. The improved sensitivity of capillary direct GC/MS with the 100 μm i.d. column for the confirmation of drugs of abuse will be demonstrated. For environmental analysis, the superior efficiency and resolution of the 100 μm i.d. column can be employed for the separation of priority pollutants. This approach is more amenable to capillary direct GC/MS providing a more effective interface to the mass spectrometer. As a result improved sensitivity and a considerable decrease in analysis time is achieved over that obtained with the larger diameter environmental specialty phase columns. 相似文献
45.
Chin‐Ping Yang Ruei‐Shin Chen Ming‐Jui Wang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(8):1092-1102
A novel tetraimide dicarboxylic acid was synthesized with the ring‐opening addition of 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride, 4,4′‐oxydianiline, and trimellitic anhydride in a 1/2/2 molar ratio in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone followed by azeotropic condensation to tetraimide dicarboxylic acid. A series of poly(amide imide imide)s (PAIIs) with inherent viscosities of 0.8–1.1 dL/g were prepared from tetraimide dicarboxylic acid with various aromatic diamines by direct polycondensation. Most of the PAIIs were readily soluble in a variety of amide polar solvents and even in less polar m‐cresol and pyridine. Solvent‐cast films had tensile strengths ranging from 99 to 106 MPa, elongations at break ranging from 8 to 13%, and initial moduli ranging from 2.0 to 2.3 GPa. The glass‐transition temperatures of these PAIIs were recorded at 244–276 °C. They had 10% weight losses at temperatures above 520 °C in air or nitrogen atmospheres. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1092–1102, 2002 相似文献
46.
为了解决可再生能源分布式发电系统的稳定性问题,在系统中加入了储能设备,使总线电压得到了平滑.介绍了可再生能源分布式发电系统的能量互补控制原理,并建立了能源分布式发电系统的数学模型.采用直接转矩控制算法对系统的能量互补控制过程进行了仿真实验,在系统的风机模拟器和飞轮上的仿真与实验结果表明当直流总线电压低于300V时,飞轮转速迅速下降,飞轮释放能量,系统维持稳定;当直流总线电压高于300V时,飞轮转速上升,飞轮存储能量,系统维持稳定. 相似文献
47.
关于我国中小企业融资问题的思考 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
平莉 《科技情报开发与经济》2005,15(2):206-207,213
随着我国经济的发展,中小企业在经济建设中发挥着越来越重要的作用,而融资难已成为制约中小企业发展的重要因素之一。分析了我国中小企业融资难的现状及其成因,从我国国情出发,同时借鉴国外先进经验,提出了解决中小企业融资难的对策。 相似文献
48.
49.
魏俊潮 《扬州大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,8(2):1-3
证明了如下结果:1)环R是直接有限环当且仅当每个右R-满射f:R→R是单射;2)若R是右C2环,则R是直接有限环当且仅当每个右R-单射f:R→R是满射当且仅当R/J(R)是直接有限环;3)设R是左半A-bel环,则R是直接有限环;4)设R,S是两个环,RVS是(R,S)双模,则C=RV 相似文献
50.
一个群为完全群,而当它是另一个群的正规子群时,则必为其直因子,反之成立否,马元达(1982)对有限群的情况进行了证明,该文推广到一般群。 相似文献