大型复合河道砂体的沉积模式研究

随着开发的深入,开发区井距由开发初期的500-600m,到目前的一百米甚至几十米,加密的井网为恢复砂体原始的空间展布特征成为可能。本文通过详细的岩心观察和描述,利用密井网开发区的测井、录井及各种地质资料,对研究区目的层段的沉积环境、沉积特征进行了精细研究,认为松辽盆地萨尔图油田葡萄花油层的为大型复合河道砂体,通过对1000多口井的详细解剖,提出了大型复合河道砂体的识别方法、沉积特征及沉积模式,为其它地区大型复合河道砂体的解剖提供参考,为大型复合河道砂体内剩余油挖潜提供重要的理论依据。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代层序地层分析

应用层序地层学理论和方法,通过对大量钻井和测井资料的整理分析,进行了鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代地层层序划分。研究区太原组和山西组可划分出5个三级层序。在陆表海盆地的3个层序中,每个层序由海侵体系域和高水位体系域组成,缺失低水位体系域。而在河流一三角洲充填序列中,可划分出低水位、水进和高水位体系域。     

川西南乐山地区灯影组二-三段岩石学特征及沉积环境分析

乐山地区位于上扬子地台西南缘,该区灯影组二-三段发育了一套白云岩沉积岩层。在野外实测剖面、显微薄片鉴定和扫描电镜分析的基础上,通过对先锋剖面岩石学特征的研究,结合前人的研究成果,将该区灯影组二-三段分为四个岩性段:灯二段下部以藻白云岩为主,部分层位发育泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩;灯二段上部以泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩为主,偶见藻白云岩;灯三段下部为藻白云岩,偶见泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩;灯三段上部以泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩为主,部分层位发育藻白云岩。根据室内微相分析的结果,参考Wilson的标准微相和碳酸盐台地沉积模式,可识别出云坪和藻云坪两种沉积微相。两种沉积微相在时空上的有序组合,构成了研究区灯影组二-三段碳酸盐岩局限台地内的潮坪亚相。根据沉积相在纵向和横向上的变化,建立了该区的沉积相模式,相对海平面的海退-海侵-海退-海侵沉积旋回很好的控制了沉积相模式的演化,为该区的地质研究和油气勘探提供了重要的基础地质资料。     

莱州湾凹陷沙三段低位域湖底扇沉积特征及水道构型

莱州湾凹陷沙三段低位域发育断裂斜坡背景下的湖底扇,具有明显地震反射外形,但湖底扇内部结构杂乱,砂体垂向叠置关系及平面富集位置在勘探及早期评价阶段难以预测,基于钻井、测井、分析化验及三维地震资料,依据湖底扇重力流水道流变学性质及流体浓度分类的原则,将湖底扇水道砂体成因搬运机制分为滑动、滑塌、碎屑流、浊流,其中碎屑流分为泥质碎屑流和砂质碎屑流,结合不同成因搬运机制的水道砂体地震反射特征,在湖底扇不同相带识别刻画5种沉积结构单元,分别是叠覆型水道、复合型水道、水道侧翼、单一型水道及水道间,并通过模型正演验证不同单元分类可靠性及富砂差异。结果表明,内扇叠覆型水道发育多期滑动-滑塌沉积,储层总体厚度大,中扇低部位复合型水道发育砂质碎屑流储层物性好,二者均为油气勘探实施钻探的有利部位,外扇储层发育程度较低。来自肯东凸起物源的高建设性辫状河三角洲为湖底扇提供大量砂质基础,坡折带与古地貌共同控制湖底扇沉积搬运机制和水道走向及水道类型。     

东风港油田沙三上浊积扇的“叠置扇”沉积特征

陆相断陷盆地浊积扇体的发育受构造运动、湖平面变化、沉积物供给、古地貌等多因素的控制.以断陷湖盆济阳坳陷车镇凹陷缓坡带东风港油田为例,在系统调研和大量实际工作的基础上,针对陆相浊积扇规模小、分布分散、呈多层薄层状、识别和预测十分困难的特征,建立断陷湖盆缓坡带浊积扇沉积的"叠置扇模式"."叠置扇模式"具体表现为"垂向叠置,扇上有扇;侧向迁移,扇外有扇".在油气勘探中,根据"叠置扇模式"的发育特征和控制要素分析,可以更好地预测有利勘探开发目标.济阳坳陷车镇凹陷东风港油田大量小型浊积扇的成功勘探开发充分证明了这一点.     

浅谈滇东恩洪矿区沉煤环境及聚煤规律

恩洪矿区处于滇东晚二叠世聚煤区中部偏南的海陆过渡地带,总体上属上三角洲平原沉积环境,沉积构造地貌单元属玄武岩斜坡区与浅陆表海区过渡带。从沉积环境、沉积相、煤层迁移规律及聚煤控制因素等方面,阐述了滇东恩洪矿区沉煤环境及聚煤规律。     

地震沉积学在塔北哈拉哈塘地区古河道识别中的应用

运用地震沉积学基本原理,借助高分辨率三维地震数据体,综合使用三维可视化、相干体解释、地层切片技术、地震分频与RGB混频等技术手段对哈拉哈塘地区某三维地震区的古河道进行识别和刻画.精细刻画出志留系底界面与奥陶系吐木休克组底界面2个重要沉积间断期发育的河道体系并总结其特征.研究结果表明:志留系底界面发育高曲度的稳定曲流河,而吐木休克组底界面发育典型的曲流河.两期河道发育期哈拉哈塘地区均处于相对平缓的地貌背景.通过古河道的识别可知:在吐木休克组沉积前该区域曾发生短暂暴露性沉积间断而非传统认识的直接发育的淹没台地型水下沉积间断,从而为吐木休克组底界面下发育的古岩溶储层提供更合理的成因背景解释.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组物源方向与沉积体系分析

运用古水流、重矿物特征研究、粒度分析、薄片骨架矿物成分分析等方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组的物源及源区母岩性质进行了系统研究,认为延长组存在有东北、西南、东南和西部4个方向物源.依据物源方向、沉积环境和岩石学特征,将鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组划分为曲流河三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖泊和深水重力流4种沉积体系,即东北方向的富县三角洲、东南方向的庙湾-宜君-黄陵三角洲、西南方向的彬县-长武三角洲,以及正西方向的庆阳-合水三角洲.详细阐述了不同三角洲沉积体系和深水重力流沉积体系的演化过程,分析了沉积体系与油气的分布关系,认为油气主要富集在水下分流河道、河口坝及其叠合部位,以及深水区的砂质碎屑流和浊积体等能构成岩性圈闭的储集岩体内.沉积物源的研究和沉积体系演化的分析有助于油气勘探的部署.     

Rb-Sr chronological characteristics of Jurassic granitoid gravels in north margin of Dabie block, Central China

Granitoid gravels are discovered from alluvial fan conglomerates, the base of Jurassic Fenghuangtai Formation (J₂ ²), in the north margin of Dabie block and the south part of the Hefei Basin. These granitoid gravels make up 5%–10% of all gravels by volume percent. For the four components, K-feldspar, biotite, amphibole and whole rock divided from two selected granitoid gravel samples, their Rb-Sr isotopes are measured, which gives two formation ages of granitoids: (428±20) Ma and (430±54) Ma, and means that the Early Paleozoic granitoid intrusive rocks once existed in the Dabie Mountain provenances of Jurassic. The granitoids occur in the tectonic setting of post-collision uplift according to lithogeochemical discriminant analysis.     

The carbon isotope study of biomarkers in the Maoming and the Jianghan tertiary oil shale

In terms of the individual carbon isotope data of biomarkers present in the typical freshwater lake sediment (Maoming oil shale) and saline lake sediment lake (Jianghan oil shale) of China, this paper discusses their precursors and depositional environments of biomarkers in both sediment samples. Our studies showed that phytane and pristane of the Maoming oil shale were derived from the phytol side chain of chlorophyll a. By comparing the isotopic composition of 4-methyl sterane with that of sterane and hopane, it is suggested that 4-methyl sterane which has a higher abundance in the Maoming oil shale come from bacteria. The isotopic composition of biomarkers from the Jianghan rock sample (saline lake sediment ) is significantly different from that of the Maoming oil shale (freshwater lake sediment). Gammacerane was derived from haloprotozoan, with δ13C being about -25.8‰, just in consistency with the value reported in previous studies. The isotopic composition of phytane and pristane in the Jianghan rock is similar to that of sterane and 4-methyl sterane derived from phytoplanktons, illustrating their commonprecursors were algae. This paper reported for the first time the carbon isotope data of porphyrin obtained by GC-IRMS techniques. The approximate δ13C of C32DPEP and C31DPEP porphyrin from the Jianghan Basin indicated that the porphyrin was derived from chlorophyll. In the Maomingoil shale C32DPEP was enriched in 13C relative to C32etio and C31DPEP, implying that C32DPEP came from chlorophyll, and C32etio and C31DPEP are of other origins.