深过冷条件下Co_7Mo_6金属间化合物的枝晶生长和维氏硬度研究

采用电磁悬浮和自由落体两种实验技术对二元Co-50%Mo过共晶合金中初生Co_7Mo_6金属间化合物的生长机理和维氏硬度进行了系统研究.电磁悬浮实验中,合金熔体获得的最大过冷度为203 K(0.12T_L),初生Co_7Mo_6枝晶生长速度与过冷度之间呈现幂函数关系.随着过冷度的增大,初生枝晶中Co元素含量单调递增,枝晶尺寸明显减小,并且其维氏硬度逐渐升高.在自由落体状态下,随着液滴直径的减小,合金熔体的过冷度和冷却速率均增大.当液滴直径减小到392μm以下时,初生Co_7Mo_6枝晶从小平面向非小平面形态进行转变.实验发现,深过冷条件下Co_7Mo_6化合物发生了显著的溶质截留效应,其维氏硬度与Co元素分布和形貌特征密切相关.     

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle and Its Morphological Control

Silver nanoparticles with different morphologies were prepared in AgNO3 aqueous solution using nanocarbon as template medium and polymer surfactant as protecting agent in an ultrasonic field. The polymer surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone ( PVP) was self-prepared and used directly in aqueous solution form. The molecular weight of PVP was measured by viscosimeter. The crystalline phase,component, size, and morphology of the as-synthesized silver naoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM,FTIR, and Laser Granularity Instrument. The results indicated that ultrasonic was the key factor to deoxidize Ag+to be Ag°nanocarbon and polymer surfactants accelerated the deoxidization reaction course and controlled the agglomeration of freshly formed silver nanoparticles, the category of polymer surfactant had decisive effect on the morphology of as-synthesized nanoparticle. Well-defined dendrites silver nanoparticle could be attained when choosing PVP as surfactant in AgNO3 aqueous solution,while regular sphere silver nanoparticle could be synthesized in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) surfactant.Moreover, the concentration of AgNO3 and ultrasonic action time also had obvious effect on the morphology of silver nanoparticle, low concentration of AgNO3 and long time of ultrasonic were not in favor of forming dendrite silver.