面向同源蛋白质探测的一种新型混合深度学习模型

根据蛋白质氨基酸链探测其同源蛋白质,进而预测蛋白质的功能,是生物信息学研究领域的一个重要挑战,也是众多生物医学研究领域的基础研究内容,有着重要的科研价值和广泛的应用需求。其研究难点在于:(1)如何学习对同源蛋白质预测有效、有用的蛋白质特征信息;(2)如何更好地运用蛋白质特征信息,实现同源蛋白质的探测与识别。为了解决同源蛋白质探测与识别研究中的关键难点,本文提出一种基于混合深度学习架构的同源蛋白质探测与识别模型(HDLM-PHP)。通过采用统一的"管道式"深度学习架构,将蛋白质特征学习和探测识别统一为一个整体,提高同源蛋白质探测与识别的效能。采用多组并行的深度卷积神经网络,学习蛋白质的各种属性信息,以期获得丰富的待检测蛋白质和靶蛋白质的高级相关性特征,并通过全连接方式使用多层RBM结构融合和精炼这些相关性特征为全局相关性特征。通过统一的深度网络连接方式,以探测和识别任务为导向,学习到对于同源蛋白质预测最有效、最全面的蛋白质特征信息。在标准数据集SCOPe上,对所提模型进行性能与效率评测,结果表明:本文提出的模型能有效地学习到符合任务导向的蛋白质特征数据,提升同源蛋白质探测与识别的准确度和召回率,优于现有的模型和算法。     

回采过断层采用深孔爆破技术的研究

介绍了3807回采工作面的地质构造情况,论述了采用深孔爆破技术解决回采工作面过断层的工艺,指出该工艺技术对于生产条件较差、岩石较多的回采工作面提高单产具有很好的借鉴作用。     

紧邻地铁站的超大深基坑逆作法变形规律研究

某超大深基坑紧邻城市2条地铁线交汇处的换乘站,周围环境复杂,基坑施工难度大,因此基坑支护结构施工顺利及对相邻地铁站的变形控制成为工程成败的关键。文章结合基坑工程2种施工方案,利用有限元软件MIDAS GTS建立三维有限元模型,研究了基坑盖挖逆作法施工对地表沉降、支护结构和相邻地铁站的变形和受力影响,得出影响逆作法施工的相关因素,并提出相关解决措施与建议。采用盖挖逆作法施工能够较好地控制基坑支护结构的变形,同时减小对地表和地铁站的影响。综合考虑基坑施工对围护结构、地表和地铁换乘站的影响,首层土体暗挖法要优于明挖法,但是暗挖法对围护结构强度和刚度要求高,特别是楼板临时洞口处。所得相关结论和建议可供设计和施工参考。     

量子阱层和垒层具有不同Al组分的270/290/330nm AlGaN基深紫外LED光电性能

为了研究AlGaN量子阱层和垒层中Al组分不同对AlGaN基深紫外发光二极管(LED)光电性能的影响,本文利用MOCVD生长、光刻和干法刻蚀工艺制备了AlGaN量子阱层和垒层具有不同Al组分的270/290/330nm深紫外LED,通过实验和数值模拟计算方法发现,量子阱层和垒层中具有低Al组分紫外LED的AlGaN材料具有较低的位错密度、较高的光输出功率和外量子效率。通过电流-电压(I-V)曲线拟合出的较大的理想因子(3.5)和能带结构图表明,AlGaN深紫外LED的电流产生是隧穿机制占据主导作用,这是因为高Al组分AlGaN量子阱中强极化场造成了有源层区域较大的能带弯曲和电势降。     

Analysis of carbenoxolone by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in mouse brain and blood after systemic administration

Carbenoxolone is a derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid found in the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, colloquially known as licorice. It has been used as a treatment for peptic and oral ulcers. In recent years, carbenoxolone has been utilized in basic research for its ability to block gap junctional communication. Better understanding the distribution of carbenoxolone after systemic administration can lead to a better understanding of its potential sites of action. Presented is an ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer (UHPLC–MS/MS) method for the identification and quantification of carbenoxolone in mouse blood and brain tissue. Twenty mice were injected intraperitoneally with 25 mg/kg carbenoxolone and brain tissue and blood were collected for analysis. Blood concentrations (mean ± SD) at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min were determined to be (n = 5) 5394 ± 778, 2636 ± 836, 1564 ± 541 and 846 ± 252 ng/mL, respectively. Brain concentrations (mean ± SD) at 15, 30, 60 and 120 mins were determined to be (n = 5) 171 ± 62, 102 ± 35, 55 ± 10 and 27 ± 9 ng/g, respectively. The analysis of these specimens at the four different time points resulted in blood and brain half‐lives in mice of ~43 and 41 min, respectively. The UHPLC–MS/MS method was determined to be sensitive and robust for quantification of carbenoxolone.     

A picosecond widely tunable deep-ultraviolet laser for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

We develop a picosecond widely tunable laser in a deep-ultraviolet region from 175 nm to 210 nm,generated by two stages of frequency doubling of a 80-MHz mode-locked picosecond Ti:sapphire laser.A β-BaB2O4 walk-off compensation configuration and a KBe2BO3F2 prism-coupled device are adopted for the generation of second harmonic and fourth harmonics,respectively.The highest power is 3.72 mW at 193 nm,and the fluctuation at 2.85 mW in 130 min is less than ±2%.     

Hydrogel Microchambers Integrated with Organic Electrodes for Efficient Electrical Stimulation of Human iPSC‐Derived Cardiomyocytes

A hydrogel‐based microchamber with organic electrodes for efficient electrical stimulations of human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) is described. The microchamber is made from molecularly permeable, optically transparent, and electrically conductive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel and highly capacitive carbon electrode modified with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Spheroids of hiPSC‐CMs are cultured in microchambers, and electrically stimulated by the electrode for maturation. The large interfacial capacitance of the electrodes enables several days of electrical stimulation without generation of cytotoxic bubbles even when the electrodes are placed near the spheroids. The spheroids can be cultivated in the closed microchambers because of the permeated nutrients through the hydrogel, thus the spheroids are stably addressable and the culture medium around the sealed microchambers can be simply exchanged. Synchronized beating of the spheroids can be optically analyzed in situ, which makes it possible to selectively collect electrically responsive cells for further use. As the hydrogel is electrically conductive, the amount of electrical charge needed for maturing the spheroids can be reduced by configuring electrodes on the top and the bottom of the microchamber. The bioreactor will be useful for efficient production of matured hiPSC‐CMs for regenerative medicine and drug screening.     

基于电刺激的多模式康复系统设计和研究

针对脑卒中后肢体功能障碍、褥疮及疼痛,分析了临床上常用的治疗参数,设计了多模式电刺激治疗系统。该系统通过触摸屏与主芯片STM32L152RCT6进行通信,控制升压和极性转换电路产生幅值、频率及脉宽均可连续调节的双极性电刺激脉冲,验证了系统的稳定性和镇痛的效果。通过试验验证了系统能稳定工作,且电脉冲幅值与电阻值的变化无关,且能提高受试者的疼痛阈值。能产生临床使用的电刺激疗法的各类参数,有利于临床实验和相关科研的开展。电刺激技术能够缓解人体疼痛,提高疼痛阈值。