热带气旋与海洋暖涡间的海-气相互作用

采用区域海?气耦合模式WRF-sbPOM, 设计敏感性试验, 通过控制海洋暖涡(WCR)的有无以及暖涡与热带气旋(TC)的相对位置, 对理想性TC与WCR间的海-气相互作用进行模拟研究。结果表明, 当TC经过WCR后, 因为WCR区域较厚的暖水使海表温度在TC经过后并没有明显的降低, 削弱了海?气间的负反馈机制, 所以TC强度增大。但受作用时间、气旋强度以及WCR处较强流速的影响, TC强度增大的程度不同, 移动速度较慢的TC有明显增强, 移动速度较快的TC增强不明显。同时TC向海洋中输入大量的机械能, 与WCR的反气旋式环流发生相互作用, WCR的形状由最初的圆形变为椭圆形, 热容量损失约30%, 动能损失约60%。     

重介质新工艺的生产实践

论述了重介质洗选系统的工艺设计、厂房及设备布置特点,根据实际应用效果,分析了其存在的问题,提出了改进的建议.     

Foreshowing of the Western Pacific tropical cyclone track to PM10 air pollution episode in the Beijing area

By utilizing the air quality monitoring data and the NCEP reanalysis data, the relationship between the PM10 air pollution episode and synoptic situation is analyzed in the Beijing area. It is interesting to find that PM10 air pollution episode in and around the Beijing area is correlated with the Western Pacific tropical cyclone track to some extent, namely when a tropical cyclone lands southward to the Changjiang River, PM10 air pollution episode is not easy to take place generally in the Beijing area; but when a tropical cyclone moves northward and finally lands at the Korea Peninsula or the Japanese mainland, and under this condition the Beijing area is generally controlled by weak high or weak low for several days, PM10 air pollution episode often takes place in one day or several days. Above findings indicate that predicting the Western Pacific tropical cyclone track can foretell whether or not PM10 air pollution episode takes place in the Beijing area, which can offer a technique for urban air quality prediction and air pollution source management in the Beijing area. Supported by Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCZ2-YW-219) and Frontier Research of IAP of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 8-070204)     

“2010.12.11”云南冬季暴雨成因分析

 应用常规观测资料、FY-2C卫星云图和NCEP再分析资料,通过诊断分析研究了2010年12月11日发生在滇中及以南地区的云南暴雨天气过程.结果发现,这次冬季暴雨天气过程发生在有利的环流背景下,ITCZ位置偏北较活跃,孟湾存在大片对流云系,中印度洋10°N附近存在一支异常的大尺度西南气流,孟加拉湾低层有一个热带气旋生成,在卫星云图上表现出明显的气旋式云系,孟湾热带气旋和90°E附近的南支槽及槽前西南低空急流东移造成了这次暴雨天气过程;引发暴雨的水汽和能量由低空急流从孟加拉湾输送而来,充沛的水汽在云南上空强烈辐合,暴雨区θ_se呈陡立状,暴雨发生在低层辐合高层辐散的上升运动区,水汽通量散度辐合区和湿Q矢量辐合区与暴雨区对应较好.     

永暑礁风暴潮增水极值预报初探

本文基于南沙永暑礁1991～2003年共13年的热带气旋资料、逐时潮位资料和潮位预报资料,利用经验统计预报中的极值预报方法对永署礁的风暴潮增水极值预报进行了研究。结果表明：模型对从永暑礁右侧经过的热带气旋引起的增水极值的预报,精度较高。     

效用理论与船舶绕避热带气旋方案的选择

在简要介绍效用概念和效用理论的基础上,将效用理论及其决策方法引人到船舶绕避热带气旋最佳方案选择这一风险型决策问题中;并对效用和风险的关系进行了介绍和分析,说明了不同决策者对待同样的风险有着不同的态度．通过举例对船舶绕避热带气旋方案的优先关系及效用函数确定过程的分析,提出了使用效用理论解决船舶绕避热带气旋最佳方案选择的基本思路和方法．得到的船舶绕避热带气旋方案可用于对通过效益分析得出的方案进行对比,以便最终得到船舶管理部门和船舶驾驶员均能在心理和理智上接受的最佳绕避热带气旋方案．     

重介质分选旋流器的研究现状和发展

介绍了重介质选煤及重介质分选机的发展应用,重点说明了无压给料三产品重介质旋流器的原理、结构、工艺特点以及在选煤厂的推广应用效果,展望了该项技术发展应用的广阔前景。     

Application of Tikhonov regularization method to wind retrieval from scatterometer data Ⅱ: cyclone wind retrieval with consideration of rain

According to the conclusion of the simulation experiments in paper I, the Tikhonov regularization method is applied to cyclone wind retrieval with a rain-effect-considering geophysical model function (called GMF+Rain). The GMF+Rain model which is based on the NASA scatterometer-2 (NSCAT2) GMF is presented to compensate for the effects of rain on cyclone wind retrieval. With the multiple solution scheme (MSS), the noise of wind retrieval is effectively suppressed, but the influence of the background increases. It will cause a large wind direction error in ambiguity removal when the background error is large. However, this can be mitigated by the new ambiguity removal method of Tikhonov regularization as proved in the simulation experiments. A case study on an extratropical cyclone of hurricane observed with SeaWinds at 25-km resolution shows that the retrieved wind speed for areas with rain is in better agreement with that derived from the best track analysis for the GMF+Rain model, but the wind direction obtained with the two-dimensional variational (2DVAR) ambiguity removal is incorrect. The new method of Tikhonov regularization effectively improves the performance of wind direction ambiguity removal through choosing appropriate regularization parameters and the retrieved wind speed is almost the same as that obtained from the 2DVAR.     

Flow behavior of high-temperature flue gas in the heat transfer chamber of a pilot-scale coal-water slurry combustion furnace

The flow characteristics of high-temperature flue gas are important in the heat transfer of coal-water slurry (CWS) combustion furnaces. The flow field of a 250 kg/h vertical-type slag tap cyclone furnace was non-intrusively investigated, using two-dimensional particle-image velocimetry (2D PIV). The method was verified using traceable fly ash particles in high-temperature flue gas. The flow field of the flue gas was analyzed with a time-averaged method, based on which the effects of excess air ratio and loading were investigated. The flue gas separated by a gas separator maintained good rigidity near the furnace wall, rather than eroding the heating surface. Numerical simulations validated the reliability of PIV under the actual circumstances within the furnace. This study provides guidelines for applying 2D PIV in analyzing flue gas in thermal test boilers.     

Flow behavior of high-temperature flue gas in the heat transfer chamber of a pilot-scale coal-water slurry combustion furnace

The flow characteristics of high-temperature flue gas are important in the heat transfer of coal-water slurry（CWS） combustion furnaces.The flow field of a 250 kg/h vertical-type slag tap cyclone furnace was non-intrusively investigated,using two-dimensional particle-image velocimetry（2D PIV）.The method was verified using traceable fly ash particles in high-temperature flue gas.The flow field of the flue gas was analyzed with a time-averaged method,based on which the effects of excess air ratio and loading were investigated.The flue gas separated by a gas separator maintained good rigidity near the furnace wall,rather than eroding the heating surface.Numerical simulations validated the reliability of PIV under the actual circumstances within the furnace.This study provides guidelines for applying 2D PIV in analyzing flue gas in thermal test boilers.