不同土壤对心叶烟和三生烟种子萌发率的影响

测定了四种不同土壤的基本理化性质,并分别用其培育心叶烟和三生烟种子,统计两种烟草种子在四种土壤中的萌发率.结果表明:两品种烟草种子萌发率在育烟基质与其他3种土壤间有极显著差异(p<0.01),而在两烟草品种间差异不显著.     

土壤含水量对红豆杉紫杉醇含量及相关生理指标的影响

以曼地亚红豆杉扦插苗为材料,在温室条件下研究了不同土壤含水量对其枝叶紫杉醇含量及相关生理指标的影响。结果显示：（1）枝叶中紫杉醇产量均随土壤含水量的降低而降低,在土壤含水量（258 %）大于对照（184 %）时,单株枝叶干质量比对照提高3366 %,相应紫杉醇产量提高5356 %。在土壤含水量为129 %、86 %和43 %的处理下,枝叶产量分别比对照减少885 %、1849 %和2958 %,而紫杉醇产量相应减少2415 %、5108 %和8297 %。（2）随着土壤含水量的降低,枝叶叶绿素含量随土壤含水量的降低而降低,脯氨酸和溶性糖含量先增加后降低,而丙二醛含量先降低后增加。     

硅对盐胁迫下金丝小枣3种抗氧化酶的影响

以1年生金丝小枣嫁接苗为试材,研究硅对盆栽苗在盐胁迫下谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响.结果表明:在盐浓度(NaCl质量分数)小于0.4%时,SOD和GSH-Px的活性随着土壤含盐量的增加而增加,POD活性在NaCl质量分数为0.25%的盐胁迫下升高,在NaCl质量分数为0.4%的盐胁迫时下降;盐胁迫下加硅可以显著提高金丝小枣SOD、POD和GSH-Px的活性且差异显著.笔者认为盐胁迫下给土壤施硅可以缓解盐分对金丝小枣的毒害作用.     

硅对盐胁迫下枣树根尖离子微域分布的影响

运用X射线电子探针研究了硅对盐胁迫下金丝小枣(Ziziphus jujubacv.Jinsixiaozao)根系中离子微域分布的影响。结果表明:盐胁迫(NaCl质量分数为0.3%)处理使得枣苗根系表皮、皮层和中柱细胞中Na 、Cl-的X射线峰较高,而K 峰较低;而盐胁迫处理加入0.4 g/kg硅后,根系表皮、皮层和中柱细胞中Na 、Cl-的X射线峰显著降低,而K 峰则大幅度提高,并且使Na 、Cl-在根系各部分呈均匀分布。表明盐胁迫下给土壤施硅可改变金丝小枣体内养分离子的吸收和离子的微域分布,从而缓解盐分离子对金丝小枣的毒害作用。     

Preparation,In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Nanoemulsion In Situ Gel for Transnasal Delivery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Volatile Oil from Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong

Ischemic stroke is a difficult-to-treat brain disease that may be attributed to a limited therapeutic time window and lack of effective clinical drugs. Nasal–brain administration is characterized by low systemic toxicity and is a direct and non-invasive brain targeting route. Preliminary studies have shown that the volatile oil of Chaxiong (VOC) has an obvious anti-ischemic stroke effect. In this work, we designed a nanoemulsion thermosensitive in situ gel (VOC-NE-ISG) loaded with volatile oil of Chaxiong for ischemia via intranasal delivery to rat brain treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke. The developed VOC-NE-ISG formulation has a suitable particle size of 21.02 ± 0.25 nm and a zeta potential of −20.4 ± 1.47 mV, with good gelling ability and prolonged release of the five components of VOC. The results of in vivo pharmacokinetic studies and brain targeting studies showed that intranasal administration of VOC-NE-ISG could significantly improve the bioavailability and had excellent brain-targeting efficacy of nasal-to-brain delivery. In addition, the results of pharmacodynamics experiments showed that both VOC-NE and VOC-NE-ISG could reduce the neurological deficit score of model rats, reducing the size of cerebral infarction, with a significant effect on improving ischemic stroke. Overall, VOC-NE-ISG may be a promising intranasal nanomedicine for the effective treatment of ischemic stroke.     

Complete NMR spectral assignments of two new iridoid diastereoisomers from the flowers of Plumeria rubra L. cv. acutifolia

Two new iridoid diastereoisomers (1, 2), together with five known compounds, were isolated from the flowers of Plumerian rubra L. cv. acutifolia. Their structures were elucidated by the means of in-depth spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric analyses, particularly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.     

菜豆(双青35号)再生体系的建立

报道了双青35号菜豆不同外植体在含有不同激素的培养基上诱导、分化及生根情况,并建立其高效再生体系．研究结果表明：愈伤组织诱导和增殖培养基为MS＋6-BA2．0mg/L＋NAA2．0mg/L,不定芽再生培养基为MS＋6-BA2．0mg/L＋NAA0．2mg/L,生根培养基为1／2MS＋IAB3．0mg/L＋0．1％活性炭是较佳的．     

草莓叶片衰老过程中叶绿素荧光参数的研究

采用德国PAM-2100便携式调制荧光仪对不同生长阶段(新生叶、生长叶和衰老叶)的叶片进行测定,分别测定和研究叶片不同部位(叶基、叶中和叶尖)叶绿素荧光变化规律,为了解草莓衰老过程中的光合特性的变化提供理论依据。结果表明,新生叶、生长叶和衰老叶的叶尖部分、叶中部分、叶基部分的Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、PAR、ETR和Y ie ld值存在着明显的差异(P<0.05),而qP和qN不存在明显的差异(P>0.05)。     

河套蜜瓜ACC氧化酶基因cDNA部分片段的克隆和序列分析

以河套蜜瓜(Cucumis melo L．ev Hetao)成熟果实为材料，用硫氰酸胍法提取总RNA，以oligo(dT)15为引物，反转录合成cDNA，利用一对甜瓜ACC氧化酶(1-aminocyclopropane-1-earboxylate oxidase，ACO)基因cDNA的特异性引物进行聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增。获得了预期大小的cDNA片段．将此片段克隆于pUCl9质粒中，进行DNA序列分析．序列分析结果表明该片段为545bp，编码甜瓜ACO的第126至第306个氨基酸．该河套蜜瓜ACO基因cDNA序列与Andes甜瓜、Cantaloup charentais甜瓜和哈密瓜的相应序列进行比较，其核苷酸序列与Andes甜瓜的同源性为99．4％；与Cantaloup charentais甜瓜和哈密瓜的同源性均为99．6％。与其对应的氨基酸序列的同源性均为99．4％．     

亳菊的离体保存研究

以亳菊为试材,研究了不同培养基营养成分和蔗糖浓度对其试管苗离体保存的影响,并对再生后代的遗传稳定性进行了初步形态学比较。试验结果表明:在(23±2)℃、2 000~3 000 lx光照强度、12 h·d-1的光照培养条件下,MS培养基中添加15 g·L-1蔗糖,或者1/2 MS培养基中添加15 g·L-1蔗糖均能使亳菊连续保存365 d以上,并且保持有较高的成活率,分别为88.9%和97.8%。保存365 d的试管苗在MS培养基上均长势良好,能恢复正常生长,再生后代形态上与对照组中试管苗无差异,保持了良好的遗传稳定性。