不同品种豌豆营养成分分析比较

豌豆营养成分含量和组成因其品种及基因类型不同有所差异,本文选取CV4、CV9、CV19、CV33、BD1、Hyogo、Alaska 7个豌豆品种分析其营养成分,旨在揭示不同品种豌豆的营养品质及用途,为其加工生产利用提供理论依据。结果表明:7种豌豆的蛋白质含量在20.61%~36.37%之间,总灰分含量在2.81%~4.28%之间,粗脂肪含量在3.26%~4.25%之间,CV4品种的蛋白质和总灰分含量最高,分别为36.37%和4.28%,适合作为优质畜牧饲料或用于豌豆蛋白的加工生产;CV9品种豌豆的粗纤维含量最高,为9.43%,最适宜作食用纤维的添加剂。     

A Multimethodological Characterization of Cannabis sativa L. Inflorescences from Seven Dioecious Cultivars Grown in Italy: The Effect of Different Harvesting Stages

The chemical profile of the female inflorescence extracts from seven Cannabis sativa L. dioecious cultivars (Carmagnola, Fibranova, Eletta Campana, Antal, Tiborszallasi, Kompolti, and Tisza) was monitored at three harvesting stages (4, 14, and 30 September), reaching from the beginning of flowering to end of flowering/beginning of seed formation, using untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and targeted (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and spectrophotometry) analyses. The tetrahydrocannabinol content was always below the legal limits (<0.6%) in all the analyzed samples. The NMR metabolite profile (sugars, organic acids, amino acids, and minor compounds) subjected to principal components analysis (PCA) showed a strong variability according to the harvesting stages: samples harvested in stage I were characterized by a high content of sucrose and myo-inositol, whereas the ones harvested in stage II showed high levels of succinic acid, alanine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and threonine. Samples harvested in stage III were characterized by high levels of glucose, fructose, choline, trigonelline, malic acid, formic acid, and some amino acids. The ratio between chlorophylls and carotenoids content indicated that all plants grew up exposed to the sun, the Eletta Campana cultivar having the highest pigment amount. Tiborszallasi cultivar showed the highest polyphenol content. The highest antioxidant activity was generally observed in stage II. All these results suggested that the Cannabis sativa L. inflorescences of each analyzed dioecious hemp cultivar presented a peculiar chemical profile affected by the harvesting stage. This information could be useful for producers and industries to harvest inflorescences in the appropriate stage to obtain samples with a peculiar chemical profile suitable for proper applications.     

Identification of olive pollen allergens using a fluorescence‐based 2D multiplex method

Olive (Olea europaea L.) pollen is a major health concern in the Mediterranean countries and some olive growing regions in America and Australia. The molecular variability of pollen allergens constitutes a handicap for commercial extract standardization, which is the base of current diagnosis and vaccination procedures. In this paper, we report a time‐saving and plant material saving multiplex detection method for the rapid and simultaneous analysis of Ole e 1, Ole e 2, and Ole e 5 allergen polymorphism on a single blot. This method combines high‐resolution 2DE techniques with high‐sensitive fluorescence‐based detection methods. Using this strategy, we were capable to identify a higher number of allergen forms compared with classical 1D approach. The use of fluorescent probes and the increased resolution of 2D blots avoided overlapping effects, and allow estimating the amount of individual allergen forms. In addition, the pattern and identity of the IgE‐reactive proteins of either a population or individual patients allergic to olive pollen was also effortlessly determined in a single additional step. This flexible method might be extended to a higher number of olive allergens and cultivars, and is also applicable to other allergogenic plant species and sources.     

百合栽培品种资源的RAPD分析

基于随机扩增多态DNA(RADP)方法分析了来自3个百合品系的15个栽培百合品种的遗传多样性和亲缘关系.从156个引物中筛选出15个引物,在检测的218个位点中,216个位点为遗传多态位点(99.08%).聚类分析结果表明:来自3个品系的百合栽培品种在遗传关系上明显地聚为3类;亚洲百合品系和东方百合品系的品种有较近的亲缘关系,二者和铁炮百合品系的品种亲缘关系较远;在同一品系内部,相同花色的百合品种具有较近的亲缘关系.     

草莓品种的数量分类研究

从植物学角度对４６个草莓品种的３２项形态学性状进行观测描述,在此基础上进行了主成份分析和聚类分析,主成份分析的结果表明：草莓形态的分化是多向的,因此在进行聚类分析时要尽可能选取具有分类意义的所有性状,聚类分析则是不同的聚类策略,其结果基本一致,只略有不同。     

四个香榧品种种仁炒制加工后香气物质分析

【目的】研究不同品种焙烤榧子的香气成分及挥发性物质的变化,为寻找香榧种仁中具有特异香气的种质提供有效的研究方法。【方法】采用固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME/GC-MS)技术测定品种(‘朱岩’榧、‘丁香’榧、‘木榧’和‘细榧’)榧树种仁焙烤加工后的挥发性香气物质,分析不同品种种仁加工后特征性香气成分的组分和含量,初步鉴定不同品种的主体和特征呈香物质。【结果】①4个不同品种种仁共检测出79种挥发性化合物,主要包括萜类(23种)、醇类(27种)、醛类(6种)、烷类(4种)、酯类(5种)、醚类(2种)、酮类(3种)、酸类(2种)、吡嗪类(1种)和苯类衍生物(6种)10类化合物。②除‘朱岩’榧以外其他香榧的香气物质均以萜烯类物质为主,且烯萜烯类物质中含量最高的是D-柠檬烯。③PCA分析发现‘细榧’中的主要特征性香气物质有酮类、酯类、醛类、苯类衍生物和萜烯类,‘木榧’的特征香气物质则是萜烯类和吡嗪类物质,‘丁香’榧和‘朱岩’榧的特征香气物质均为醚类和酸类物质;其中‘细榧’具有特征香气的物质有D-柠檬、糠醛、2-乙基己烯醛、葵醛、壬醛和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯,‘朱岩’榧中具有特征性香气的物质有二氢香芹醇,‘丁香’榧中具有特征性香气的物质则为硬脂酸,‘木榧’中具有特征性香气物质有双戊烯、R-柠檬烯、衣兰油烯和α-蒎烯。【结论】具有较多的特异性香气物质种类及较高含量的香气物质是焙烤后‘细榧’具有较高香气品质的重要原因。     

‘蕊沁’等7个海棠新品种

【目的】为我国城乡绿化美化提供新植物材料。【方法】1999—2002年,在山东昌邑海棠苗木专业合作社基地,利用从国外引进的16个优良海棠无性系与国内8个种质进行自然杂交。【结果】2007年,综合测定观赏特性和生长特性后,从杂交后代中初选出12个优良单株,2008年,经进一步DUS测试,最终选出7个优良新品种,并于2015—2016年通过国家林业局的新品种审定。【结论】7个海棠新品种具有花果兼赏、观赏期长、美化效果好、适应性强、造林成活率高等优点,适用于山东及周边地区的庭院、道路、广场等区域绿化。     

北方地区冷地型草坪草特性和草坪的建植技术研究

草坪草的特性是指草坪的生态生物学特性、利用特性和对环境的适应性.草坪的建植可分为坪床的准备、草坪草种的选择、草坪草种植过程和新坪的养护管理四个环节新坪的养护管理要遵循五原则.     

武汉地区蜡梅品种资源调查与分析

通过对武汉地区蜡梅(Chimonanthus praecox)品种资源近2 a的调查,初步摸清了武汉地区蜡梅品种的分布情况,共确定蜡梅品种89个,包括素心品种(Ch.praecox Concolor Group)13个,乔种品种(Ch.praecox Intermedius Group)39个,红心品种(Ch.praecox Patens Group)37个;并根据花径、花型、花色、花被片数目等性状筛选出性状优良、观赏价值高的品种9个,分别为金缕罗裙‘Jinlv Luoqun’、素未央‘Suweiyang’、日落金钟‘Riluo Jinzhong’、胭脂玉颜‘Yanzhi Yuyan’、多被金莲‘Duobei Jinlian’、齿被玉盘‘Chibei Yupan’、霞帔‘Xiapi’、狗牙花‘Gouyahua’、犹抱琵琶‘Youbao Pipa’。     

桂花品种记载标准和描述术语规范

在分析桂花品种形态特征的基础上,对过去提出的品种记载标准进行了修正。修正的内容包括品种名称和商业名称、品种产地和来源、株型和树冠、树皮、枝条、叶片、花芽、花序、花梗、花色、花径和花型、雄蕊和雌蕊、花期、花香、果实形态和成熟期、特异性评价等16项,并提出了描述术语规范。