Global Convergence of a Nonlinear Programming Method Using Convex Approximations

The method of moving asymptotes (MMA) and its globally convergent extension SCP (sequential convex programming) are known to work well for certain problems arising in structural optimization. In this paper, the methods are extended for a general mathematical programming framework and a new scheme to update certain penalty parameters is defined, which leads to a considerable improvement in the performance. Properties of the approximation functions are outlined in detail. All convergence results of the traditional methods are preserved.     

基于ARIMA的电力视频流量分析和预测

针对电力视频业务的流量特性,提出一种基于差分自回归移动平均(ARIMA)模型的电力视频业务流量分析和预测方法.首先利用差分法对视频流量数据进行平稳化处理,然后依据数据序列的自相关函数和偏自相关函数确定模型参数,从而建立能够有效预测电力视频业务流量的分析模型.仿真实验表明,该方法充分考虑了电力视频业务流量的自相似性、周期性、突发性及趋势性等特点,有效提高了流量预测拟合的精度.     

某混凝土框架结构移位技术及就位连接方法探讨

某六层钢筋混凝土框架结构为优秀历史保护建筑,距今已80余年,由于新规划需要对其进行移位保护.就位连接对移位建筑的后期使用起着至关重要的作用,对其移位关键技术和就位连接方法进行探讨.结合该工程的就位连接方法,对就位连接节点的受力性能进行分析,并提出改善该框架结构就位连接性能相关建议.     

无人机光电侦察平台的动目标测速方法研究

为了满足无人机对地面运动目标的侦察需求,在无人机光电侦察平台对地面运动目标实时跟踪的基础上,提出了一种对地面运动目标的光学测速方法.该方法根据光电侦察平台提供的俯仰角、方位角和无人机距离目标的距离,并结合了无人机的三维姿态信息,建立了无人机光电侦查平台对地面运动目标的速度测量模型.并分析了测速模型的误差来源,推导了误差计算公式.该测量方法无需定位目标,能够有效测量运动目标的速度,实用性较强.     

凹透镜焦距测量自准直法的改进

对传统自准直法的凹透镜焦距测量方法进行了分析,提出改进的自准直测凹透镜焦距方法.将移像屏法改进为移凹透镜法,消除了焦深对实验测量结果的影响.实验结果表明,修正的自准直法测量凹透镜焦距的精确度得到较大提高,平均相对误差减少3.93%,方差减小20.39mm2.     

A numerical study of the motion of a wave running up a beach

The main difficulty for the numerical calculation of the wave running up a beach is the treatment of its moving water boundary. In this paper a scheme of turning the free boundary problem into a fixed boundary problem is designed. The calculated run-up height is consistent with the experiments. Some interesting wave phenomena are also found.     

Intermittent simulated moving bed chromatography: 2. Separation of Tröger’s base enantiomers

The intermittent simulated moving bed (I-SMB) process is a modification of the conventional SMB process that has been recently analyzed theoretically [1]. Here, we present a comparative analysis of the two processes, each operated in a six column 1-2-2-1 configuration (one column in sections 1 and 4 and two columns in sections 2 and 3) and in a four-column 1-1-1-1 configuration. Experiments are carried out on a properly modified laboratory unit to separate racemic mixtures of the enantiomers of Tröger’s base in ethanol on ChiralPak AD at a total feed concentration of 1 g/L. Simulations are carried out for the same system using the equilibrium dispersive model and a bi-Langmuir isotherm, whose parameters have been preliminarily estimated from pulse and breakthrough experiments. Experiments and simulations are fully consistent and demonstrate that the four-column I-SMB process (but not the four-column SMB process) can separate the two enantiomers at very high purity and achieve a productivity twice as large as that of the six-column I-SMB and conventional SMB processes with the same solvent consumption.     

Optimization of simulated moving bed chromatography with fractionation and feedback: Part II. Fractionation of both outlets

A new improvement based on outlet fractionation and feedback has been developed for simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. In this contribution, this fractionation and feedback SMB (FF-SMB) concept is extended to the general scenario which integrates a simultaneous fractionation of both outlet streams. A model-based optimization approach, previously adopted to investigate single fractionation, is extended to consider this flexible fractionation policy. Quantitative optimization studies based on a specific separation problem reveal that the double fractionation is the most efficient operating scheme in terms of maximum feed throughput, while the two existing single fractionation modes discussed in our previous study are also significantly superior to the conventional SMB operation. The advantages of the double fractionation extension are further demonstrated in terms of several more detailed performance criteria. In order to evaluate the applicability of the fractionation and feedback modification, the effect of product purity, adsorption selectivity, column efficiency and column number on the relative potential of FF-SMB over SMB is examined.     

Streamlined,two-column,simulated countercurrent chromatography for binary separation

We report on a numerical and experimental study of two-column versions of streamlined, multicolumn, semi-continuous chromatography for binary separation. The systems combine a flexible node design, cyclic flow-rate modulation, and relayed operation of the inlet/outlet ports to extend the mass-transfer zone over the largest possible length, while keeping it inside the system at all times. One advantage of these streamlined designs is the simplicity of their physical realization: regardless of the number of columns, they only require two pumps to supply feed and desorbent into the system, while the flow rates of liquid withdrawn from the system are controlled by material balance using simple two-way valves. In one case, an extra pump is needed to recirculate the fluid in closed-loop. A rigorous model-based optimization approach is employed in the optimal design of the cycles to generate solutions that are physically realizable in the experimental set-ups. The optimized schemes for two-column operation supply fresh feed into the middle of the system where the composition of the circulating fluid is closest to that of the feedstock fluid, and recover the purified products, extract and raffinate, alternately at the downstream end of the unit, while desorbent is continuously supplied into the upstream end of the system. By internally recycling part of the non-pure cut fraction, the scheme with a step of closed-loop recycling significantly reduces its solvent consumption. The feasibility and effectiveness of the reported two-column processes have been verified experimentally on the linear separation of nucleosides by reversed phase subject to 99% purity constraints on both products. It is shown that our processes compare favorably against single-column batch chromatography, steady-state recycling, and four-column, open-loop SMB, for the same amount of adsorbent; they are also better than the four-column, closed-loop SMB at high feed throughputs.