剃前滚刀设计方法的研究

为了改善齿轮在啮合运动过程中产生噪音的问题,人们通常将齿轮的齿顶加工出修缘、齿根加工出沉割．本文针对加工该类齿轮的刀具——剃前滚刀的触角长度计算,留剃余量及齿顶修缘量等问题从理论上进行了深入的分析、研究,为设计该类齿轮刀具提供了理论依据和方法．     

Applications of Titanium Dioxide Nanostructure in Stomatology

Breakthroughs in the field of nanotechnology, especially in nanochemistry and nanofabrication technologies, have been attracting much attention, and various nanomaterials have recently been developed for biomedical applications. Among these nanomaterials, nanoscale titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂) has been widely valued in stomatology due to the fact of its excellent biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and photocatalytic activity as well as its potential use for applications such as dental implant surface modification, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, drug delivery carrier, dental material additives, and oral tumor diagnosis and treatment. However, the biosafety of nano-TiO₂ is controversial and has become a key constraint in the development of nano-TiO₂ applications in stomatology. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent research regarding the applications of nano-TiO₂ in stomatology, with an emphasis on its performance characteristics in different fields, and evaluations of the biological security of nano-TiO₂ applications. In addition, we discuss the challenges, prospects, and future research directions regarding applications of nano-TiO₂ in stomatology that are significant and worthy of further exploration.     

不同晶形纳米碳酸钙的制备及其表面改性研究进展

本文综述了不同晶形纳米碳酸钙的制备方法、纳米碳酸钙表面改性技术的研究现状以及表面改性方法,分析了目前纳米碳酸钙制备及表面改性技术存在的问题,并对其发展前景作了展望.     

New Cysteine-Containing PEG-Glycerolipid Increases the Bloodstream Circulation Time of Upconverting Nanoparticles

Upconverting nanoparticles have unique spectral and photophysical properties that make them suitable for development of theranostics for imaging and treating large and deep-seated tumors. Nanoparticles based on NaYF₄ crystals doped with lanthanides Yb³⁺ and Er³⁺ were obtained by the high-temperature decomposition of trifluoroacetates in oleic acid and 1-octadecene. Such particles have pronounced hydrophobic properties. Therefore, to obtain stable dispersions in aqueous media for the study of their properties in vivo and in vitro, the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-glycerolipids of various structures were obtained. To increase the circulation time of PEG-lipid coated nanoparticles in the bloodstream, long-chain substituents are needed to be attached to the glycerol backbone using ether bonds. To prevent nanoparticle aggregation, an L-cysteine-derived negatively charged carboxy group should be included in the lipid molecule.     

Preparation of nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">l</Emphasis>-lactide) biocomposite microspheres

Nano-hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) composite microspheres with relatively uniform size distribution were prepared by a solid-in-oil-in-water (s/o/w) emusion solvent evaporation method. The encapsulation of the HA nanopaticles in microshperes was significantly improved by grafting PLLA on the surface of the HA nanoparticles (p-HA) during emulsion process. This procedure gave a possibility to obtain p-HA/PLLA composite microspheres with uniform morphology and the encapsulated p-HA nanoparticle loading reached up to 40 wt% (33 wt% of pure HA) in the p-HA/PLLA composite microspheres. The microstructure of composite microspheres from core-shell to single phase changed with the variation of p-HA to PLLA ratios. p-HA/PLLA composite microspheres with the diameter range of 2–3 μm were obtained. The entrapment efficiency of p-HA in microspheres could high up to 90 wt% and that of HA was only 13 wt%. Surface and bulk characterizations of the composite microspheres were performed by measurements such as wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).     

SS8-Ⅱ型机车牵引齿轮的修形降噪设计

介绍了低噪声齿轮的设计方法和准则。在分析齿轮修形原理、基本参数的确定及修形方案设计的基础上,以SS8-Ⅱ型准高速客运电力机车齿轮传动为研究实例,对其进行了齿廓修形和齿向修形设计;并通过噪声检测,发现在同样条件下,修形后的驱动装置噪声的A声级可降低6~10 dB,实现较好的降噪效果。研究将对建立修形要素与振动噪声之间的直接映射关联,探寻齿轮振动噪声的最优控制策略具有重要意义。     

适用于机场道面的复合改性沥青性能试验

选用4种纳米材料与青川岩沥青结合,对基质沥青进行复合改性,通过沥青试验及混合料试验研究复合改性沥青的性能。沥青试验包括3大指标试验、旋转黏度试验、动态剪切流变试验、弯曲蠕变试验及旋转薄膜烘烤箱试验,沥青混合料试验包含车辙试验、浸航油稳定性试验、浸水稳定性试验和冻融劈裂试验等。沥青试验结果显示:与基质沥青及岩沥青改性沥青相比,复合改性沥青的针入度降低,低温延度下降,软化点和稠度提升,高温稳定性和抗老化性得到改善,但低温性能会有一定程度下降。混合料试验表明:岩沥青和纳米材料的加入使得混合料具有更高的抗车辙能力,抗水损害和抗航油侵蚀性能也得到提升。研究结果表明这种新型的复合改性沥青适应于非极端寒冷地区机场道面面层。     

新旧混凝土结合面剪切强度参数分析和计算研究

新旧混凝土结合面的抗剪强度是装配式混凝土结构和混凝土结构加固等领域重点关注的问题. 基于搜集、整理的新旧混凝土结合面（以下简称结合面）的剪切试验数据库（含439个试件）,对GB 50010―2010、ACI 318―19、Eurocode 2、PCI7th四个规范所给结合面抗剪建议计算式进行对比分析.结果表明：在各参数的影响下,ACI结果的保证率表现最好,而 Eurocode 2计算强度的拟合效果最好;在结合面宽度达到300~400 mm时,GB 50010―2010的表现最好,但安全富余均较低,相对误差最大达到9倍. 对数据库进行参数分析,发现结合面剪切强度τexp存在尺寸效应,与结合面的沿剪切方向尺寸关联较大;且τexp与夹紧力ρfy有较好的相关性. 基于分析结果,根据叠加计算理论,对计算式提出建议和修正：分析引入尺寸效应系数β;同时修正了摩擦系数μ;应用了数据库拟合的销栓力分段函数,极大值为6.6 MPa.经对比验算证明,修正计算式在有无插筋及各种粗糙度情况下的误差最小,拟合效果最好,可为工程应用提供参考.     

温度和湿度对P-CNT自感知混凝土压敏性的影响

为研究温度与湿度对自感知混凝土(SSC)感知性能的影响,通过低温等离子体改性处理技术对碳纳米管(CNT)进行官能团嫁接,使其在水性体系下获得较好的分散性,并将改性后的CNT(P-CNT)加入混凝土中制备P-CNT/SSC传感器,通过改变含水率与温度条件研究P-CNT/SSC传感器的极化效应与循环加载下的自感知性能。试验结果表明:过高或过低的含水率均不利于SSC的感知性能,其中变化最为明显的是饱水状态下的P-CNT/SSC传感器,其应力敏感系数下降89.8%,并且压敏曲线极不稳定;在变温试验中,P-CNT/SSC传感器的电阻率与温度之间呈现负相关性,高温和低温下的应力敏感系数相较于常温组试件,分别下降了约35.66%和44.53%,并且压敏曲线整体出现了上移或下滑的趋势;P-CNT/SSC传感器在工程应用中的最佳测试环境为常温、自然含水率。     

月季花红色素的烷基化改性及其稳定性

对月季花红色素进行了烷基化改性,并重点比较了改性前后的月季花红色素的稳定性.结果表明:经过烷基化改性后的月季花红色素,最大吸收波长由530nm移至510nm:对光、热、还原剂的稳定性有明显提高;对酸、碱、氧化剂的稳定性基本保持不变.