简析合作原则在商务信函中的应用

语境在理解商务信函中扮演了重要的角色。分析商务信函应该从交际角度出发重在分析信函的互动过程,即寄信—回信的过程,而这一过程亦被认为是信函交际的语境。因此,在这样一个完整的语境中,不仅重视分析商务信函中合作原则的运用、逐一分析信件在四个准则表现出合作的原因,也应分析合作原则的违反,诸如数量准则的违反、质量准则的近于零违反、相关和方式准则的较少违反等现象所产生的原因及作用机制。     

山西省农村信用社实施贷款五级分类之探讨

对当前山西省农村信用社实施贷款五级分类存在的问题及困难进行了分析,提出解决山西省农村信用社实施贷款五级分类的对策是:正确对待贷款的风险、规范信贷档案管理、完善考核管理机制、加快农村信用社信息化建设。     

关于Hirsch和Jing的全局稳定性定理的注记

对于一类n维合作系统,我们研究了此系统的全局稳定性问题,得到了如下定理:设F:X→Rn是一个C1合作向量场,假设如下F条件成立:(a)X=Rn,或intRn+,或[[p,q]];(b)X中每一个正半轨道有紧闭包;(c)至多有一个平衡点P,则一定存在唯一的平衡点P,并且是全局渐近稳定的.推广了Hirsch[1]和Jiang[2]在n=3时相同的结果.     

A Cooperative Schema between Web Sever and Search Engine for Improving Freshness of Web Repository

0 IntroductionTIon tceorpneet w ,itthhefr cerqauwelnetr sch oafn sgeeasr cohf tehneg iinnfeo rnemeadti toon uopnd tahteethe web pages visited. Different pages have different changefrequencies[1].Sothe crawlers must firstly esti mate which pa-ges need to b…     

The first self-assembled trimetallic lanthanide helicates driven by positive cooperativity

The segmental tris-tridentate ligand L7 reacts with stoichiometric quantities of Ln(III) (Ln=La-Lu) in acetonitrile to give the complexes [Ln(2)(L7)(3)](6+) and [Ln(3)(L7)(3)](9+). Formation constants point to negligible size-discriminating effects along the lanthanide series, but Scatchard plots suggest that the self-assembly of the trimetallic triple-stranded helicates [Ln(3)(L7)(3)](9+) is driven to completion by positive cooperativity, despite strong intermetallic electrostatic repulsions. Crystallization provides quantitatively [Ln(3)(L7)(3)](CF(3)SO(3))(9) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Lu) and the X-ray crystal structure of [Eu(3)(L7)(3)](CF(3)SO(3))(9).(CH(3)CN)(9).(H(2)O)(2) (Eu(3)C(216)H(226)N(48)O(35)F(27)S(9), triclinic, P1, Z=2) shows the three ligand strands wrapped around a pseudo-threefold axis defined by the three metal ions rigidly held at about 9 A. Each metal ion is coordinated by nine donor atoms in a pseudo-trigonal prismatic arrangement, but the existence of terminal carboxamide units in the ligand strands differentiates the electronic properties of the terminal and the central metallic sites. Photophysical data confirm that the three coordination sites possess comparable pseudo-trigonal symmetries in the solid state and in solution. High-resolution luminescence analyses evidence a low-lying LMCT state affecting the central EuN(9) site, so that multi-metal-centered luminescence is essentially dominated by the emission from the two terminal EuN(6)O(3) sites in [Eu(3)(L7)(3)](9+). New multicenter equations have been developed for investigating the solution structure of [Ln(3)(L7)(3)](9+) by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy and linear correlations for Ln=Ce-Tb imply isostructurality for these larger lanthanides. NMR spectra point to the triple helical structure being maintained in solution, but an inversion of the magnitude of the second-rank crystal-field parameters, obtained by LIS analysis, for the LnN(6)O(3) and LnN(9) sites with respect to the parameters extracted for Eu(III) from luminescence data, suggests that the geometry of the central LnN(9) site is somewhat relaxed in solution.     

Shapley value for constant-sum games

It is proved that Youngs [4] axiomatization for the Shapley value by marginalism, efficiency, and symmetry is still valid for the Shapley value defined on the class of nonnegative constant-sum games with nonzero worth of grand coalition and on the entire class of constant-sum games as well.The research was supported by NWO (The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research) grant NL-RF 047-008-010.I am thankful to Theo Driessen, Natalia Naumova and Elena Yanovskaya for interesting discussions and comments. The useful remarks of two anonymous referees are also appreciated.     

理化实验课的协同教学尝试

阐述了利用水果制作原电池进而测定电池的电动势和内阻的理化实验课的协同教学过程,并对教学效果进行了反馈.通过教学后思考总结了协同教学的优点,并对进一步实施提出了注意事项.     

一种求解合作博弈中成本分摊问题的方法

基于n人合作博弈的成本分摊模型，从二次费用分摊的角度提出了解此模型的一种方法，利用所有可能与i结成每一个联盟时的费用缺口的平均值来求βi，同时予以证明并举例说明。