阳离子改性HZSM-5沸石上低碳醇反应历程的TPSR-MS研究

用ＴＰＳＲ－ＭＳ技术研究了Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ和Ｇａ改性Ｈ－ＺＳＭ－５沸石的活性中心性质及Ｃ１～Ｃ４醇的反应历程。结果表明，Ｚｎ－和Ｇａ－ＺＳＭ－５有两种芳构化活性中心，即Ｂ酸和Ｚｎ，Ｇａ活性物种；甲醇在Ｃｕ－ＺＳＭ－５上只生成二甲醚、ＣＯ和ＣＯ２，而在Ｚｎ－ＺＳＭ－５上芳构化反应历程为：（１）醇经由醚脱水生成烯烃，Ｃ２～Ｃ４醇学可单分子脱水生成烯烃；（２）烯烃中间物齐聚，齐聚物通过氢转移和脱氢途径环化、芳     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Quinazolinone Compound 2,3-Dihydro-2-（2-hydroxyphenyl）-3-phenyl-quinazolin-4（1H）-one

A new quinazolinone compound 2,3-dihydro-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylquinazolin-4(IH)-one 3 ([C2oH16O2N2]-C2H5OH, Mr = 362.42) and compound 2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene-amino)-N-phenyl-benzamide 2 (C2oH16O2N2, Mr = 316.34) were prepared from a precursor of 2-amino-N-phenyl-benzamide 1 (C13H12ON2, Mr = 212.25). Compound 3 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic,space group Pbca with a = 1.2889(11), b = 1.6170(14), c = 1.7729(15) nm, V= 3.695(6) nm^3, Z= 8, F(000) = 1536, Mr = 362.42, Dc = 1.303 g/cm^3, μ(MoKa) = 0.087 mm^-1, R = 0.0447 and wR= 0.0879. The crystal structure analysis indicates that the title compound has a two-dimensional network structure formed by hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions.     

Factors affecting propagating fronts of addition polymerization: Velocity,front curvature,temperatue profile,conversion, and molecular weight distribution

Several properties of propagating fronts of addition polymerization were studied. A power function could be fit to the velocity dependence on initiator concentration, but not with the exponents predicted by current models or in agreement with other published work. Bubbles from the volatile by-products of initiator decomposition were found to affect the front velocity and curvature. The front velocity for triethylene glycol dimethacrylate polymerization was found to depend linearly on temperature over a moderate range. The conversion of methacrylic acid in fronts varied greatly with initiator type and concentration. Benzoyl peroxide produced much lower conversion than t-butyl peroxide, but fronts with tBPO propagated slower. A dual initiator system of BPO and tBPO produced rapidly propagating fronts with good conversion but the contribution of each initiator to the velocity was not additive. The possibility of chain branching was considered. The apparent molecular weight distributions were very broad, often trimodal, and found to depend on initiator type and concentration as well as the tube diameter. The temperature profiles were measured and found to be very sharp for BPO and broader for tBPO but both had front temperatures in excess of 200°C, indicating a high ceiling temperature. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Conversion of phosphogypsum to potassium sulfate

Summary Solubility of calcium sulfate in concentrated aqueous chloride solutions is of particular significance in chloride hydrometallurgy and various crystallization processes, such as the production of potassium sulfate from phosphogypsum and potassium chloride. This paper examines an example of the second type of application in which gypsum and potassium chloride are reacted to form K₂SO₄. The solubility of phosphogypsum in aqueous solutions of KCl, HCl, and mixtures of both has first been measured at various temperatures and concentrations. The parameters investigated are HCl concentration up to 6M, KCl concentration up to 180 g L^-1 and temperature from 25 to 80°C. In addition, the influence of co-existing chloride salts, such as (HCl+KCl), on the solubility of calcium sulfate is estimated from 25 to 80°C. The solubility increases obviously with the temperature increment as it does initially with acid concentration, reaching a maximum of about 3M HCl, 130 g L^-1 KCl and then drops. At the same time, the solubility of CaSO₄·2H₂O decreases with increasing KCl concentration.     

试论我国矿业企业的技术创新

知识经济时代是以创新为重要特征的。创新是知识经济的核心。也是提高矿业企业市场竞争力、促进矿业企业生产发展的动力。目前我国矿业企业技术创新能力不强，技术成果转化率低下，各种制度因素、经济因素和环境因素制约着企业的创新和发展。从我国矿业企业技术创新的现状分析入手，提出了提高企业技术创新能力的对策。     

D/A转换输出连续性研究

当把D/A输出作为控制系统的输出控制信号时,输出曲线的连续性在很大程度上决定了控制系统的控制精度,细分D/A输出,能够使输出曲线更为连续。介绍了细分D/A输出最小增量使输出曲线更为连续的传统方法,给出了细分D/A输出最小增量的新思路,指出了使用3个D/A转换器,细分连续2个D/A转换输入数据的增量,能使D/A的输出曲线比单个D/A转换器的输出更为光滑连续。     

无机盐催化氧化法合成苯二酚的研究

以无机盐作为苯酚选择氧化催化剂 ,用低浓度过氧化氢氧化 ,得到的苯二酚的总选择性达83 % ,苯酚转化率为40 %。讨论了催化剂用量、pH值、苯酚溶液浓度、反应时间、反应温度等工艺条件对苯酚羟基化反应的影响     

电视跟踪系统的硬件设计

电视跟踪系统是具有一定智能的图像跟踪装置.它利用标准电视信号作为信息源,对其进行数字化处理,从而实现目标跟踪.本文主要介绍了该系统的硬件设计思路,并详细讨论了其中一些关键部分的具体实现.     

产品策划在产品创新设计体系中的应用方法

在产品生命周期中，早期的产品策划一端联系着顾客的需求和心理偏好，另一端联系着新产品的概念定义和后续开发工作。因此，产品策划是否准确地把握了未来市场和顾客的需求，就直接关系着后续新产品设计和生产销售的成败，可以说产品策划是影响未来产品竞争力和企业竞争力最重要的环节。以消费类产品为例，介绍产品策划的业务流程、理论方法和应用技术，并阐明产品策划在产品创新设计体系中的地位和作用，提出了包括市场研究、机会识别、概念定义到概念转换的新产品策划整体解决思路。     

提高生焦反应焦化炉给热方法的研究

提出了生焦反应焦化炉给热及生焦反应给热比的概念 ,在确保焦化炉管不发生严重结焦的条件下 ,研究了焦化炉注气及炉出口温度的优化方法 ,以提高生焦反应焦化炉给热及延迟焦化装置液体收率。利用过程模拟软件 ,分别对单面辐射及双面辐射焦化炉进行了管内外过程模拟。结果表明 ,注气比维持在 1% ,炉出口温度由 4 90℃到 5 0 5℃时 ,每升高 5℃ ,生焦反应焦化炉给热增加 4 5～ 5 9kJ/kg ;炉出口温度维持在 5 0 5℃ ,注气比由 3%至 1%每降低 0 .5个百分点 ,生焦反应焦化炉给热增加 2 0～ 32kJ/kg。采用调整注气比和炉出口温度优化同时操作的方案 ,其效果优于仅控制炉出口温度的方案