我国铁矿消费强度与钢铁冶炼及加工业的关系

简要分析了我国改革开放以来铁矿消费强度的阶段性变化特征,建立了铁矿消费强度的增量分解模型,应用国民经济投入产出表中数据,分时段对铁矿消费强度进行了增量分解计算和分析.结果表明,2002年前,资本形成以低于或基本等于GDP的增速增长,钢铁冶炼及加工业的铁矿消耗系数下降,致使铁矿消费强度降低;2002~2010年间,资本形成增速高于GDP增速,钢铁冶炼及加工业产出效益下降、铁矿消耗系数升高,致使铁矿消费强度大幅上升.因此,钢铁冶炼及加工业需要解决的主要矛盾是淘汰过剩的低端产能和推动产品结构升级,降低整个经济的铁矿消费强度,达到产业健康稳定发展的目的.     

基于灰关联分析的GA-BP神经网络在汽车油耗估算中的应用

从设计参数特征入手分析影响汽车油耗的因素,利用灰关联分析方法,解析了各设计参数对汽车油耗的影响程度,选择其中灰关联度较大的设计参数作为输入数据,综合工况油耗作为输出数据,构建6-5-1层结构的BP神经网络预测模型,并利用遗传算法获得优化后的BP神经网络的权值和阈值,然后训练BP神经网络得到最优值,最后以国内市场340款汽车作为研究样本,进行有效性验证.研究结果表明,模型利用灰关联分析获得影响汽车油耗的主要因素,简化了网络结构;与优化前的BP神经网络相比,具有更高的预测精度和可靠性.     

“互联网+”背景下大学生参加体育健身类APP线上付费课程态度调查

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,以大学生对体育健身类APP付费课程的态度作为研究对象.通过体育认知、体育情感、体育行为意向3个维度的问卷调查,分析归纳出大学生对体育健身类APP付费课程的态度因素构成,总结出大学生对付费课程的真实需求,从健身类APP付费课程的宣传渠道、功能种类及内容的专业性和科学性3个方面提出可行性建议.     

Loss of stability by migration and chemical reaction of Santonox R in branched polyethylene under anaerobic and aerobic conditions

Plaques of branched polyethylene stabilized with 0.1 wt.% 4,4′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol) [Santonox^® R] were aged at different temperatures between 75 and 95 °C in anaerobic (nitrogen or water) and aerobic (air or water saturated with air) media. Antioxidant concentration profiles were obtained by oxidation induction time (OIT) measurements using differential scanning calorimetry. Results obtained by high performance liquid chromatography of extracts confirmed that the gradual decrease in OIT with increasing ageing time was due to migration of antioxidant to the surrounding medium. The antioxidant concentration profiles along the plaque thickness direction were flat in the plaques aged in the non-aqueous media indicating that the migration of antioxidant to the surrounding medium was controlled by the low evaporation rate at the material boundary. Crystals of antioxidant were detected by optical microscopy on the samples exposed to nitrogen. The similarity of the antioxidant concentration profiles obtained after ageing in nitrogen and in air suggested that the fraction of the antioxidant oxidized is negligible in comparison with the loss of antioxidant by migration to the surrounding media. The antioxidant concentration profiles along the plaque thickness direction obtained after ageing in water were less flat, suggesting faster dissolution in the water phase than evaporation in the case of non-aqueous ageing. The antioxidant diffusivity could be determined from the aqueous experiments and was in reasonable agreement with data reported by Moisan. For the samples exposed to water, the loss of antioxidant was faster from the samples exposed to water saturated with air. This difference is attributed to a faster degradation of the antioxidant in the oxygen-containing water phase increasing the mass transport from the polymer phase boundary to the water phase.     

能源发展趋势及主要节能措施

作者回顾了世界能源发展的历史,展望了能源发展的趋势.在详细论述了我国能源现状的基础上,阐明了节能的重要意义,同时分析了节能的潜力,提出了节能的主要措施.     

一类带消费的随机动态投入产出模型

对时滞为1且带随机消费的动态投入产出模型,研究了投入产出消耗系数矩阵、投资系数矩阵均为随机矩阵时,稳定增长解的存在性问题.利用现代概率分析及马氏过程等工具,证明不存在随机动态投入产出模型的稳定增长解.即投入产出模型反映的经济系统必须经常进行调整,其崩溃时间为无穷大的概率为零.     

基于小波EMD的柴油机油耗量测量信号去噪处理

提出基于小波经验模态分解的柴油机油耗量信号去噪处理算法.将柴油机油耗量测量信号进行经验模态分解(EMD)后,经阈值处理和尺度滤波,去掉主要干扰因素所对应的本征模函数(IMF)分量,然后对剩余IMF分量进行重构,得到去噪后柴油机油耗量测量信号的时间序列.测试结果表明:重构后的信号能反映柴油机油耗量信号的真实趋势,其相对误差约为0.72％.     

The minimum heat consumption for heat-driven binary separation processes with linear phenomenological heat transfer law

The optimal performance of heat-driven binary separation processes with linear phenomenological heat transfer law(q∝△(T-1)) is analyzed by taking the processes as heat engines which work between high-and low-temperature reservoirs and produce enthalpy and energy flows out of the system,and the temperatures of the heat reservoirs are assumed to be time-and space-variables.A numerical method is employed to solve convex optimization problem and Lagrangian function is employed to solve the average optimal contr...     

钢结构可替换梁端塑性铰滞回耗能研究

为避免钢结构梁柱节点在地震作用下出现脆性破坏,提出一种新的梁端削弱型结构形式来实现塑性铰的外移。采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对节点进行滞回耗能能力的分析,同时对不同削弱深度的截面内力进行对比分析,并使用Perform-3D软件的静力推覆工况对新型塑性铰框架和普通框架的承载能力进行对比分析。研究结果表明,首先达到屈服强度的截面是上、下耗能板削弱最深位置的横截面;随着耗能板削弱深度的增加,耗能板削弱最深处横截面就会越容易屈服,且能够有效地降低梁柱节点焊缝截面的作用反力;新型塑性铰的耗能能力主要与耗能板的削弱深度有关,在满足承载力要求的情况下随着削弱深度的增加,塑性铰的耗能能力不断增加;由静力推覆分析可知,拥有新型塑性铰框架的整体承载能力比普通框架的整体承载能力低,所以过度的削弱耗能板深度会导致框架不能满足结构承载力的要求。适当的削弱深度会增加节点延性,提高节点的抗震能力,实现塑性铰外移的目标,起到保护梁柱节点的作用。研究结果可为削弱型梁柱节点的研究提供参考。     

转炉炼钢的物料结构优化

利用60 t转炉研究了采用不同含铁物料及不同比例石灰石炼钢时的钢铁料消耗、氧气消耗量和煤气产生量的变化规律.研究发现：当采用铁水作为原料,渣钢和块矿作为冷却剂时,钢铁料消耗最低,仅为1072.07 kg·t-1;当采用铁水和废钢作为原料,配有磁选渣铁时,钢铁料消耗最高,达到1092.91 kg·t-1;随着石灰石加入量的增加,钢铁料消耗增加,氧耗略有降低,吨钢煤气产生量增加.研究结果为炼钢过程优化物料结构、降低生产成本提供了新的方法.