Nickel tetrathiooxalate as a cathode material for potassium batteries

We report a nickel tetrathiooxalate (NiTTO) coordination polymer as a cathode material for potassium batteries. In a potential range of 1.3–3.6 V vs. K⁺/K, the specific capacity of the material is 209 mA h g^?1 at a current density of 0.1 A g^?1, which roughly corresponds to the two-electron reduction of polymer repeating units. The charge–discharge mechanisms of NiTTO in potassium cells were examined using operando Raman spectroscopy.     

Ultrastretchable and conductive core/sheath hydrogel fibers with multifunctionality

Conductive hydrogels with ionic compounds possess great potential for the development of soft smart devices. A dielectric scarfskin is typically required for these devices to prevent short circuiting, leading to devices with lower stretchability than the hydrogel. Henceforth, commonly used dielectric materials, such as PDMS and Ecoflex, cannot be largely stretched. Hydrogel devices with ultrastretchability are required to accommodate hostile application environments. Herein, we propose a hydrogel fiber coated with a dielectric layer that can be stretched to over 2000% of its initial length. The fiber remains conductive when stretched to ~1300%. In addition, the core/sheath hydrogel fiber can be endowed with a variety of functional properties, such as electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), and magnetic‐responsiveness, demonstrating scalability of the resultant fiber. The present work can pave the way for numerous next‐generation soft devices, such as smart textiles and wearable electronics. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 272–280     

Comparative Study of the Supercapacitive Performance of Three Ferrocene-Based Structures: Targeted Design of a Conductive Ferrocene-Functionalized Coordination Polymer as a Supercapacitor Electrode

As redox-active based supercapacitors are known as highly desirable next-generation supercapacitor electrodes, the targeted design of two ferrocene-functionalized (Fc(COOH)₂) clusters based on coinage metals, [(PPh₃)₂AgO₂CFcCO₂Ag(PPh₃)₂]₂ ⋅ 7 CH₃OH (SC₁: super capacitor) and [(PPh₃)₃CuO₂CFcCO₂Cu(PPh₃)₃] ⋅ 3 CH₃OH (SC₂), is reported. Both structures are fully characterized by various techniques. The structures are utilized as energy storage electrode materials, giving 130 F g⁻¹ and 210 F g⁻¹ specific capacitance at 1.5 A g⁻¹ in Na₂SO₄ electrolyte, respectively. The obtained results show that the presence of Cu^I instead of Ag^I improves the supercapacitive performance of the cluster. Further, to improve the conductivity, the PSC₂ ([(PPh₃)₂CuO₂CFcCO₂]_∞), a polymeric structure of SC₂, was synthesized and used as an energy storage electrode. PSC₂ displays high conductivity and gives 455 F g⁻¹ capacitance at 3 A g⁻¹. The PSC₂ as a supercapacitor electrode presents a high power density (2416 W kg⁻¹), high energy density (161 Wh kg⁻¹), and long cycle life over 4000 cycles (93 %). These results could lead to the amplification of high-performance supercapacitors in new areas to develop real applications and stimulate the use of the targeted design of coordination polymers without hybridization or compositions with additive materials.     

绒面ZnO透明导电薄膜

采用孪生ZnO (Al2 O3 ∶2 % )对靶直流磁控溅射制备高透过率、高电导率的平面ZnO薄膜 (迁移率为 5 .5 6cm2 /V·s,载流子浓度为 4 .5 7× 10 2 0 cm-3 ,电阻率为 2 .4 6× 10 -3 Ω·cm ,可见光范围 (380～ 80 0nm)平均透过率大于 85 % )。用酸腐蚀的方法 ,可以获得绒面效果 ,而反应气压对绒面效果没有影响 ,薄膜的电学特性没有变化 ,绒面对光散射作用增强 ,导致相对于平面ZnO薄膜的透过率要低一些 (可见光范围平均透过率大于 80 % )。     

石墨导电混凝土的制备与性能

为研究石墨混凝土的力学及电学特性,以C30混凝土为基准分别制备不同石墨掺量的石墨导电混凝土,分析石墨对混凝土拌合物和易性的影响,以及石墨混凝土在不同养护龄期时抗压强度及电阻率的变化.结果表明：加入石墨后混凝土的流动性明显变差,坍落度下降约25％,黏聚性和保水性下降明显.掺加5％和10％石墨的混凝土养护28 d时抗压强度分别下降了约50％和77％.加入石墨的混凝土导电性有所提高,掺加5％和10％石墨的混凝土养护28 d时电阻率分别为未加石墨混凝土的千分之一和五千分之一.该研究为混凝土改性提供了借鉴.     

陷落柱导富水性综合探测技术

陷落柱在华北煤田广泛发育和分布,为避免井下采掘中揭露陷落柱造成水害事故,以葛亭煤矿为例,在对比研究了各种物探方法应用条件的基础上,根据EH4法的电性场分析和SYT法的相对地应力分布情况,对葛亭煤矿已有或可能存在的陷落柱进行综合探查。对探查数据进行精细解释,及陷落柱的导富水性进行综合评判,结果表明,两种方法的对比探测对于寻找陷落柱位置和确定富水范围非常有效,能为陷落柱导富水性的探测提供可靠依据。     

皮带巷电机暂态过程对电磁环境的影响

利用ATP软件仿真皮带电机暂态过程,并运用传输线模型分析瞬态脉冲沿巷道和电缆的衰减特性. 结果表明,理论上电机起动、制动及负载突变时产生的瞬态脉冲电压峰值最大为额定电压的6倍,电流峰值最高可达额定电流的11倍;瞬态辐射发射对皮带巷电磁环境的影响较小,而瞬态脉冲沿长电缆传播会产生较大衰减. 确定煤矿井下现场测量工具及测点布置方法,分析比较实测数据与理论值,结果说明皮带电机起动和制动过程产生的瞬态辐射骚扰可以忽略,瞬态传导骚扰较大,但脉冲峰值最大不会超过额定值的4倍. 提出的井下现场测量方法、获得的实测数据和理论值为矿井电磁兼容性研究提供了参考依据.      

Electrical Stimulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Conductive Substrates Promotes Neural Priming

Electrical stimulation (ES) within a conductive scaffold is potentially beneficial in encouraging the differentiation of stem cells toward a neuronal phenotype. To improve stem cell-based regenerative therapies, it is essential to use electroconductive scaffolds with appropriate stiffnesses to regulate the amount and location of ES delivery. Herein, biodegradable electroconductive substrates with different stiffnesses are fabricated from chitosan-grafted-polyaniline (CS-g-PANI) copolymers. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on soft conductive scaffolds show a morphological change with significant filopodial elongation after electrically stimulated culture along with upregulation of neuronal markers and downregulation of glial markers. Compared to stiff conductive scaffolds and non-conductive CS scaffolds, soft conductive CS-g-PANI scaffolds promote increased expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and neurofilament heavy chain (NF-H) after application of ES. At the same time, there is a decrease in the expression of the glial markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin after ES. Furthermore, the elevation of intracellular calcium [Ca²⁺] during spontaneous, cell-generated Ca²⁺ transients further suggests that electric field stimulation of hMSCs cultured on conductive substrates can promote a neural-like phenotype. The findings suggest that the combination of the soft conductive CS-g-PANI substrate and ES is a promising new tool for enhancing neuronal tissue engineering outcomes.     

Oscillatory shear‐induced alignment of ketjen black conductive particles in polylactic acid and its effect on the electrical anisotropy

This study aligned Ketjen black (KB) particles along one preferred direction in a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix using an oscillatory shear flow and investigated the effect of aligned KB on the electrical anisotropy. Under the oscillatory shear, the KB particles are aligned along the flow direction in the PLA matrix, resulting in an oriented conductive network. When the concentration of KB is in the range of 0.88–1.56 vol %, the electrical volume resistivity along the flow direction (ρ_∥) decreases to ～3 × 10⁴ Ω m and that perpendicular to the flow direction (ρ_⊥) remains at ～1 × 10¹⁰ Ω m, showing an extremely large electrical anisotropy, and the ρ_⊥/ρ_∥ value is 3–4 orders of magnitude higher than that of previously reported carbon‐nanotube‐based electrical anisotropic composites. This strong anisotropy is attributed to the preferential alignment of KB particles with lower percolation threshold for conductive path along the flow direction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 369–373