过醋酸蒸煮脱除棉浆荧光的工艺研究

通过正交及单因素实验，初步探讨了过醋酸在棉浆蒸煮过程中脱除荧光的效果，并分析了原料预处理对制浆工艺的影响。优化工艺制得棉浆得率迭91％，ISO白度达87．76％，棉浆中荧光的脱除率达90％以上。     

水样中铜,铅,镉的巯基棉富集火焰原子吸收测定

在测定水样中铜、铅及镉的时候用巯基棉在采样现场富集简便快速,且灵敏准确,避免了样品运送的不便和萃取富集的繁琐。     

功能彩色高分子合成技术进展

本文通过实例对功能彩色高分子的合成方法以及每种合成方法的原理、特点、发展历史和可实行性作了较详细的综述。     

Hydrodynamics of dielectric fluid films

We introduce a general hydrodynamic model to study the stability of lipid films against thermal fluctuations. As one novel aspect the model accounts before all for a complete intrinsic surface rheology of the film interfaces. Thus the rheological behaviour of the surface adsorbed lipids is modelled which screen the hydrophobic film interior against the aqueous exterior. For coloured films we demonstrate first the influence of electrical forces on the dynamics and film stability. For that we perform a linear stability analysis on a simplified mechanically symmetric film with i) symmetric surface charge distribution and ii) linear electric potential drop across the film. Based on the complete film model we then categorize the complete set of solutions of the linearized equations of motion and we study the growth rates of unstable film modes. Finally we discuss the stability properties of a black film after introducing a repulsive mechanism due to the steric hindrance of the interfacial lipids.     

海冰水不同盐含量处理对棉花、小麦和玉米种子萌发影响

实验采用盐的质量分数w(盐)分别为1,3,5,7,9 g.kg-1的海冰水及纯水对照处理棉花(GoddypiumhirdutumL.)、小麦(Triticum aestivumL.)和玉米(ZeamaysL.)3种作物种子,每发芽盒50粒,置自控培养箱内萌发7 d.定时观测记录种子发芽数、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、芽长、根长.结果表明:在海冰水盐分胁迫下,棉花、小麦、玉米种子的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数均随w(盐)增加呈下降趋势;在w(盐)=1~9 g.kg-1的处理范围内,3种作物的种子发芽率均高于50%.但3种种子根芽抑制指数差异显著,棉花在w(盐)=1~9 g.kg-1范围内,根芽抑制指数变幅不大,承受能力最强,而对玉米,小麦来说,w(盐)=5 g.kg-1处理是个界限,当w(盐)≥5 g.kg-1时,小麦玉米的根、芽生长明显受到抑制.因此海冰水作为农业灌溉水源时,棉花可以作为该区域内首选的经济耐盐作物予以广泛种植,但应适当考虑加大播种量,同时严格控制海冰灌溉水的w(盐).     

Carbonized cotton fibers via a facile method for highly sensitive solid‐phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Cotton fiber is an environmentally friendly and natural material with a certain extraction capacity, while its enrichment ability is poor. In order to improve the extraction efficiency of cotton fibers, it was carbonized to form a layer of amorphous carbon as the sorbent by a simple carbonization method. Carbonized cotton fibers were filled into a polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The carbonization time was investigated to obtain high extraction efficiency. Coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography, the extraction tube was evaluated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, estrogens and phthalates, and it exhibited best extraction efficiency for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method for several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was established with large linear ranges (0.016–0.20 μg/L), low limits of detection (0.005–0.020 μg/L), and high enrichment factors (948–2874). Analysis method was successfully applied to the detection of targets in the real samples and shown satisfactory durability and chemical stability. Moreover, the relative recoveries ranged from 82 to 119.2%, which demonstrated the applicability of carbonized cotton fibers in sample preparation. Compared with other reported methods, the proposed method provided shorter extraction time, higher enrichment factors, comparable limits of detection, and recoveries.     

免烫整理前后衬衣尺寸变化规律初探

全棉免烫衬衣在免烫整理前后的尺寸变化,并且各部分变化情况不一,是生产者所面临的难题之一.通过实验调查免烫整理前后衬衣各部位的尺寸变化规律,探求衬衣裁剪时各部位加放尺寸的应有数值,为服装工业提供参考依据.     

纯棉机织黏合衬的防缩整理

研究了纯棉机织衬布的超低甲醛树脂防缩整理．探讨了树脂用量、催化剂用量、甲醛捕捉剂用量、焙烘时间及温度等因素对整理效果的影响．结果表明超低甲醛树脂整理的最优工艺为：树脂70g／L,催化剂氯化镁7g/L,乙烯脲1g／L。80℃预烘4rain,160℃焙烘120s．整理后衬布的甲醛含量为18．9mg／kg,白度为88．31,撕破强力保留率为88.3％．经向水洗尺寸变化率为-0．40％,纬向水洗尺寸变化率为-0．40％．     

硅胶塞和棉塞对霉菌培养的影响研究

棉塞和硅胶塞在微生物实验菌种的保存和培养发挥了很重要的作用。针对实验室中硅胶塞越来越多的取代的传统的棉塞的现象,为比较棉塞和硅胶塞对好氧性微生物培养及培养基制作过程中的差异,本文从棉塞和硅胶塞对培养基灭菌和干燥过程中差异、以霉菌培养为对象,比较了两种塞子的差异。结果表明,两种塞子在灭菌和表面水分干燥方面存在较大差异,对霉菌培养生长差异较大,在棉塞中能更好的生长且孢子形成时间早些。     

An amino trimethylene phosphonic acid-based chelated boric acid complex that works as a synergistic flame retardant for enhancing the flame retardancy of cotton fabrics

The chelating ligands of boric acid and amino trimethyl phosphonate prepared a novel flame retardant (BAP) for the cotton fabric. A stable chemical and coordination bond was formed on the surface of the cotton fibers by a simple three-curing finishing process to make the fabric exhibits excellent durable flame retardancy. Cotton fabrics' tensile strength and whiteness got substantially retained after BAP treatment. 90 g/L BAP-treated samples (3 curing times, 50 laundry cycles) showed good flame retardancy and durability, holding the largest limit oxygen index, 29.7%, and the shortest damage length, 61 mm. A condensed phase and gas phase synergistic flame retardant mechanism was concluded by thermogravimetric, cone calorimeter tests, and thermogravimetric infrared analysis.