一类非线性发展方程差分法的稳定性

研究了用差分法求解自治的发展方程时稳定性和收敛性这两个基本概念之间的联系,利用计算时间的有限性和紧致性,在可解集为开集的条件下,得出方程解的邻近也可解的结论.当近似方法同时具备收敛性和稳定性时,方程解必然具备逐点Lipschitz条件.方程解的邻近如果可解并具备逐点Lipschitz条件,则差分法收敛必有稳定界存在,从而差分格式收敛性保证其稳定性,因此可以放弃线性这一重要条件.     

Electric Double Layer in Water-Organic Mixed Solvents: Titania in 50% Ethylene Glycol

Ethylene glycol (EG) and its mixtures with water are popular components of nanofluids used as heat transfer fluids. The stability of nanofluids against coagulation is correlated with their zeta potential. The electrophoretic mobility of titania nanoparticles in 50-50 w/w EG was studied as a function of the concentration of various solutes. HCl, NaOH, SDS and CTMABr at concentrations up to 0.01 M are strong electrolytes in 50% EG, that is, the conductance of their solutions is proportional to the concentration. HCl, NaOH and CTMABr were very efficient in inducing a high zeta potential for titania in 50% EG. NaOH induced a negative zeta potential in excess of 70 mV, and HCl and CTMABr induced a positive zeta potential in excess of 70 mV at concentrations below 10⁻⁴ M. Apparently, HCl, NaOH and CTMABr are also more efficient than SDS in terms of nanofluid stabilization against coagulation. An overdose of base (>1 mM) results in depression of the negative zeta potential. This result may be due to the specific adsorption of sodium on titania from 50% EG.     

Quantification of Structural Integrity and Stability Using Nanograms of Protein by Flow-Induced Dispersion Analysis

In the development of therapeutic proteins, analytical assessment of structural stability and integrity constitutes an important activity, as protein stability and integrity influence drug efficacy, and ultimately patient safety. Existing analytical methodologies solely rely on relative changes in optical properties such as fluorescence or scattering upon thermal or chemical perturbation. Here, we present an absolute analytical method for assessing protein stability, structure, and unfolding utilizing Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA) and LED-UV fluorescence detection. The developed TDA method measures the change in size (hydrodynamic radius) and intrinsic fluorescence of a protein during in-line denaturation with guanidinium hydrochloride (GuHCl). The conformational stability of the therapeutic antibody adalimumab and human serum albumin were characterized as a function of pH. The simple workflow and low sample consumption (40 ng protein per data point) of the methodology make it ideal for assessing protein characteristics related to stability in early drug development or when having a scarce amount of sample available.     

无焰燃烧烟密度标准物质的研制

介绍无焰燃烧烟密度标准物质的研制方法。选用合适的α-纤维素作为原材料,经打浆造纸后,作为标准物质候选物,经均匀性检验和稳定性考察合格后,对标准物质进行定值。在无焰燃烧条件下烟密度标准物质的标准值为175,扩展不确定度为8;校正烟密度标准物质的标准值为166,扩展不确定度为8。     

Revisiting the Synthesis of Functionally Substituted 1,4-Dihydrobenzo[e][1,2,4]triazines

A series of novel 1,4-dihydrobenzo[1,2,4][e]triazines bearing an acetyl or ester moiety as a functional group at the C(3) atom of the 1,2,4-triazine ring were synthesized. The synthetic protocol is based on an oxidative cyclization of functionally substituted amidrazones in the presence of DBU and Pd/C. It was found that the developed approach is suitable for the preparation of 1,4-dihydrobenzo[e][1,2,4]triazines, but the corresponding Blatter radicals were isolated only in few cases. In addition, a previously unknown dihydrobenzo[e][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-c][1,2,4]triazine tricyclic open-shell derivative was prepared. Studies of thermal behavior of the synthesized 1,4-dihydrobenzo[1,2,4][e]triazines revealed their high thermal stability (up to 240–250 °C), which enables their application potential as components of functional organic materials.     

Metal Ion Recognition. Interaction of New Oxygen-Nitrogen Donor Macrocycles with Selected Transition and Post-Transition Metal Ions

As part of an ongoing investigation of the factors influencing metal ionrecognition, we have investigated structure/function relationships involvingthe metal-ion binding by three new N-benzyl-substituted, 15- and 16-membered,macrocyclic ligands incorporating N₂O ₃- and N ₃O ₃-donor sets (withthe N ₃O ₃-system consisting of a N ₂O ₃-macrocyclic ring with an attachedCH ₂CH ₂NCH ₂C ₆H ₅ pendant arm). Selected solid complexes of thelatter ligand were isolated and the X-ray structures of individual Ni(II) and Ag(I) complexeswere obtained.Where solubility permitted, potentiometric titration studies in 95% methanolwere employed to investigate the binding affinities of all three ligand derivativestowards Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Ag(I) and Pb(II). The 15-memberedN ₂O ₃-ring was found to be selective for Ag(I) over the other six metalsinvestigated, including Cu(II). However, the presence of a further nitrogen donorin the form of the pendant benzylamine functionality in the N ₃O ₃-donorsystem results in an increase in its binding affinity for Ag(I) but an even greaterincrease occurs for Cu(II). As a consequence, the latter ion is now more stronglybound than Ag(I). The factors influencing these respective selectivities are discussed.     

高岭石—金—硫系列的化学键与稳定性研究

用密度泛函离散变分计算方法（ＤＦＴ－ＤＶＭ）,研究了高岭石、高岭石－金和高岭石－金－硫系列,讨论了结构,化学键与稳定性之间的关系。选用了不含金及金或金－硫原子团位于不同方位的多个模型。计算结果表明,金位于层状高岭石侧面的模型比金位于上、下面更为稳定,在金位于层状高岭石侧面的情况下,金靠近铝的模型比金靠近铝空位更为稳定,高岭石－金－硫体系中的金－硫原子团比高岭石－金体系中的更容易被高岭石吸附。模型间     

煤与生物油的成浆性能研究

利用不同煤种的煤和生物油制备了不同浓度的生物油煤浆,考察了生物油煤浆的成浆浓度、表观黏度、流变特性和稳定性。结果表明,生物油煤浆是具有一定屈服应力的非牛顿流体,其流变特性可用宾汉姆方程来描述;生物油煤浆的屈服应力和表观黏度都随着固体浓度的增加而增大;随着剪切速率的增加,生物油煤浆的表观黏度减小;四种煤中,无烟煤的成浆浓度最高,可达42%,其含碳量高达49%,相当于同种煤制成的74%的水煤浆含量。烟煤次之,褐煤最低;生物油与煤粉之间能够形成絮凝性的大分子网络结构,使得生物油煤浆存在屈服应力并能够保持良好的静态稳定性,4.0~5.0 d天没有软沉淀产生,数月没有硬沉淀产生。     

随机细胞人工神经网络的稳定性

基于细胞神经网络输出函数饱和线性特性,采用分割状态空间为若干子区域的方法,对处于噪声环境下的细胞神经网络的几乎必然指数稳定性进行了分析.在噪声扰动项分别满足Lipschitz条件和线性条件下,依据平衡点所处子区域位置,得到了对应区域中仅依赖于网络参数构成的矩阵负定性的若干代数判别条件.特别地,如果平衡点为区域内点,所得结果是非常方便检验的.研究结果可供网络设计参考,并可用来计算网络抗干扰强度.     

光学编码成像术中光源稳定性研究

针对光学编码成像的光源强度随时间波动对编码成像结果的影响,研究了编码机制对光源光强变化响应的表现,发现了阿达玛变换光学系统对光源强度波动的特异敏感性规律:像元强度改变量与光源光强波动量成比例;一个编码周期内光源光强的多次波动导致像元强度改变量按次累加但并不导致发散;各次源强度波动对像场强度改变量的分布具有循环性.采用数值模拟方法计算了与1×7阵列像场对应的7阶S矩阵编码成像,结果表明光源光强随时间的变化对编码成像质量有严重影响.指出了在编码成像系统中所用的光源的不稳定性应该受到的限制.