CRAFT TF导体弯绕成形力学仿真与试验

聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施(CRAFT)是为了探索与建设中国聚变工程试验堆(CFETR)关键技术和原型系统的大科学装置.环向场(Toroidal Field, TF)线圈是CRAFT系统的重要组成部分，旨在研制出用于CFETR环向场原型线圈.本文基于弹塑性力学理论，通过建立TF导体连续弯绕成形有限元分析模型，对TF导体弯曲成形过程进行力学仿真，获得了TF导体在成形过程中的应力、应变和成形力等力学参数，预测了TF线圈绕制过程导体截面变形、回弹、应力和应变情况，并采用TF导体开展了弯曲成形验证试验，为TF线圈的精密绕制和成形设备的工程设计提供了可靠的依据.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Helix‐Coil Diblock Copolymers with Controlled Supramolecular Architectures in Aqueous Solution

Summary: A series of helix‐coil diblock copolymers based on poly(ethylene oxide) and optically active helical poly{(+)‐2,5‐bis[4′‐((S)‐2‐methylbutoxy)phenyl]styrene} (PMBPS) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The synthetic methodology permitted straightforward preparation of the diblock copolymers with relatively low polydispersities and a broad range of compositions and molecular weights. Depending on the composing block length and the initial concentration, the copolymers self‐assembled into different supramolecular structures in aqueous solution, including spherical micelles, vesicles, multilamellar vesicles, large compound vesicles, and tubules.

Schematic representation of the synthesis of PEO‐b‐PMBPS block copolymers and their aggregation in aqueous solution.     

基于三维扫描振镜系统音圈电机的离散滑模控制

近 20 a 来,激光扫描技术被广泛应用于工业加工领域,三维扫描振镜作为一种更高效的激光加工仪器,其核心部件和关键技术主要依靠国外进口。 针对国内对三维扫描振镜系统研究较少,且在传统控制方法下,振镜电机普遍存在阶跃响应慢和控制精度低等问题,设计了一种基于新型趋近律与干扰补偿器相结合的离散滑模控制器,该控制方法有效补偿了外部的干扰,具有强鲁棒性。 首先,建立基于三维扫描振镜系统的音圈电机线性动力学模型,并对该模型离散化,构建其离散状态空间方程;其次,依据滑模变结构控制理论设计离散系统控制器;最后,通过 Simulink 搭建控制系统的仿真模型,仿真结果表明:1%和 10%的全行程阶跃响应时间分别为 2. 1 ms 和 2. 4 ms,10%全行程正弦信号位置跟踪的定位精度在 3×10-4 mm 以内,实现了对指令信号的完全跟踪,达到了工程应用要求,为高速三维扫描振镜系统的控制研究提供了新的思路。     

自积分式Rogowski线圈电参数对其频率特性的影响

Rogowski线圈具有结构简单、安装方便、检测灵敏度高、频带宽等优点。对于测量高频的脉冲电流的自积分式Rogowski线圈,灵敏度与频带宽度是衡量其性能的重要指标。在简单分析Rogowski测量原理的基础上,利用集中参数模型,给出了自积分式Rogowski线圈参数的计算公式以及线圈的传递函数。根据传递函数,利用Matlab仿真软件得到当电磁参数改变时线圈的幅频特性和相频特性。详细分析了自感、互感、内阻、分布电容以及取样电阻变化时对自积分式Ro-gowski线圈频带宽度的影响,为优化Rogowski线圈的设计提供参考。     

Chain Architecture Dependent 3‐Dimensional Supramolecular Assembly of Rod‐Coil Molecules with a Conjugated Hexa‐p‐phenylene Rod

Summary: We have prepared hexa‐p‐phenylene based rod‐coil molecules with identical coil volume fractions, but different poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) coil architectures (linear versus dibranched), and investigated their self‐assembling behavior in the solid state by small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Rod‐coil molecules with a linear PPO coil showed a honeycomb‐like lamellar assembly of rod segments with hexagonally arrayed PPO coil perforations. In contrast, the rod‐coil molecules with dibranched PPO coils self‐organized into rod bundles with a body centered tetragonal symmetry surrounded by a PPO coil matrix. These results demonstrate that the steric hindrance at the rod/coil interface arising from coil architectural variation is a dominant parameter governing supramolecular rod assembly in the rod‐coil system.

TEM images and schematic illustrations of the self‐assembled structures of rod‐coil molecules with linear (left) and dibranched (right) PPO coils, respectively.     

Transient multi-physics behavior of an insert high temperature superconducting no-insulation coil in hybrid superconducting magnets with inductive coupling

A transient multi-physics model incorporated with an electromagneto-thermomechanical coupling is developed to capture the multi-field behavior of a single-pancake (SP) insert no-insulation (NI) coil in a hybrid magnet during the charging and discharging processes. The coupled problem is resolved by means of the finite element method (FEM) for the magneto-thermo-elastic behaviors and the Runge-Kutta method for the transient responses of the electrical circuits of the hybrid superconducting magnet system. The results reveal that the transient multi-physics responses of the insert NI coil primarily depend on the charging/discharging procedure of the hybrid magnet. Moreover, a reverse azimuthal current and a compressive hoop stress are induced in the insert NI coil during the charging process, while a forward azimuthal current and a tensile hoop stress are observed during the discharging process. The induced voltages in the insert NI coil can drive the currents flowing across the radial turns where the contact resistance exists. Therefore, it brings forth significant Joule heat, causing a temperature rise and a uniform distribution of this heat in the coil turns. Accordingly, a thermally/mechanically unstable or quenching event may be encountered when a high operating current is flowing in the insert NI coil. It is numerically predicted that a quick charging will induce a compressive hoop stress which may bring a risk of buckling instability in the coil, while a discharging will not. The simulations provide an insight of hybrid superconducting magnets under transient start-up or shutdown phases which are inevitably encountered in practical applications.     

Experimental Study of Effect of Air Duct Structures on Heat Dissipation of Heating-Only Fan Coil

Heating-only fan coil(HFC) is one of the suited end users.which is not only compact but also highly efficient.And the major factors affecting the heat dissipation performance of HFC include leakage through coil bypass,distance between fan and coil,fan structure and air inlet type.Under natural air convection or forced,experimental studies were made on the effects of these factors upon the heat dissipation performance of HFC.The results show that:1)After reducing the leakage through coil bypass,the heat dissipation of HFC in-creases 16.9%under natural convection,and increases 8.3%under forced convection.2)After the distance be-tween fan and coil be raised from 23.2cm to 41.7cm.the heat dissipation of HFC decreases 21.3%under natu-ral convection,but increasesl2.8%under forced convection.3)After changing the fan structure,the heat dissi-pation of HFC increases 41.8%under natural convection.and the heat dissipation per motor power increases 96.1%under forced convection.4)The heat dissipations of HFC with round pass,slit and strip type of air inlet are different,whose proportion is about 100%,110%,136%under natural convection,and 100%,105%,116%under forced convection.     

基于分布式发射线圈的WPT抗偏移与互操作性研究

无线电能传输系统中接收端与发射端之间相对位置的偏移会在一定程度上影响系统传输效率,笔者从耦合机构的全范围抗偏移性、互操作性2个方面进行研究,提出一种多对一的耦合模式,发射线圈类型为平面分布式发射单元线圈组合,对不同的接收线圈类型、轴向偏移工况和旋转偏移工况的位置模态研究分布式发射线圈的开启模式,实现接收线圈的互操作性和大范围全方向的抗偏移性。为提高分布式发射线圈的自由度,提出分布式串联控制逻辑电路,并对发射线圈串联连接工况下的谐振参数进行设计以减少交叉耦合影响。结合分布式发射线圈的磁场特性和基于LCC-S谐振拓扑的拾取电压检测法,提出接收线圈位置检测的搜索策略。搭建实验装置,综合所有位置的轴向偏移及旋转偏移,平面式接收线圈的最大效率波动为3.3%,垂直式接收线圈的最大效率波动为5.57%,螺线管式接收线圈的最大效率波动为4.45%,实验结果表明,其具有良好的抗偏移特性与互操作性,验证了系统的可行性、高效性。