A Brief Analysis of child Language

Child language is always a hot topic in language research,because it is helpful for the linguistics tostudythe second language acquisition.     

基于离散功率空间的定步长认知无线网络功率控制算法

针对现有认知无线网络功率控制算法在离散功率空间内无法收敛的问题,提出一种定步长功率控制算法。在离散功率空间内,将认知用户的目标信干扰比 （signal to interference plus noise ratio,SINR）由具体的目标数值扩展为目标窗口。为了最大化系统容量,在满足系统约束条件的前提下,建立了滑动窗口机制。通过认知用户总干扰与干扰温度域上下限的比较,动态调整中值SINR,从而实现目标窗口的滑动。对于确定的目标窗口,采用定步长迭代算法进行发射功率的调整。仿真实验表明,算法达到了预期效果,并取得与最优算法相近的系统性能。     

企业信息化环境下人-信息系统交互效率

针对制造业人-信息系统(H-IS)交互效率不高的问题,提出从任务-人-信息系统匹配的角度来优化交互效率,构建了人、任务、信息系统和交互环境匹配优度的概念模型.分析了任务与人、任务与信息系统、人与信息系统匹配对交互效率的影响机理,分析结果表明:任务与人的匹配、人与信息系统的匹配通过认知负荷、心理负荷影响人的认知效率和信息加工效率,进而影响人的自我效能感、焦虑程度和操作错误数;任务与信息系统的匹配通过员工的焦虑和信息系统功能的合理性要求影响人的情绪,进而影响人的觉醒水平和认知效率,最终影响人-信息系统交互效率.     

A survey of next generation mobile communications research in China

With the rapid development of wireless communication networks, the fourth generation (4G) has emerged to move beyond the limitations of the third generation (3G), with increased bandwidth, enhanced quality of services, and reduced costs of resources. In this paper, we discuss the key technologies of 4G and focus on surveying the ongoing research in 4G communications in China. The 4G technologies under investigation include multicarrier transmission, multiple antenna techniques, carrier aggregation, relays, cognitive radio, distributed antenna systems, network convergence, and network self-optimization. These technologies are the building blocks of 4G and contribute largely to the requirements of International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced (IMT-Advanced). For each technology, its benefits, research topics, and some existing approaches are examined. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges and future research issues in 4G systems.     

心理疲劳发生的认知神经机制

心理疲劳是人们长时间从事脑力活动而形成的一种包括认知、情绪和行为改变的复杂心理现象.心理疲劳的发生有个体差异,它与奖赏得失的衡量、错误监控受损和信息加工扰乱等因素有关.回顾近十年相关研究,发现心理疲劳发生的神经生理机制主要涉及多巴胺、感觉运动门控、自主神经(迷走神经和副交感神经)、大脑的扣带回和基底神经节等神经系统,认...     

The physics of categorization

In the context of cognition, categorization is the process through which several elements (i.e., words) are grouped into a single set which by naming becomes an abstraction of its elements. For example, tiger, kitty, and max can be categorized as Cats. In this article, we aim to show how the physical, biological and cognitive dimensions are related in the process of categorization or abstraction through the physics of computation. Drawing on Landauer's principle, we show that the price paid in terms of entropy is higher when grouping elements of low ranking (high probability) than when grouping elements of high ranking (low probability). Therefore, the logic of the cognitive process of abstraction is explained through constraints imposed by memory on the computation of categories. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 269–274, 2016     

Opinion Polarization in Human Communities Can Emerge as a Natural Consequence of Beliefs Being Interrelated

The emergence of opinion polarization within human communities—the phenomenon that individuals within a society tend to develop conflicting attitudes related to the greatest diversity of topics—has been a focus of interest for decades, both from theoretical and modelling points of view. Regarding modelling attempts, an entire scientific field—opinion dynamics—has emerged in order to study this and related phenomena. Within this framework, agents’ opinions are usually represented by a scalar value which undergoes modification due to interaction with other agents. Under certain conditions, these models are able to reproduce polarization—a state increasingly familiar to our everyday experience. In the present paper, an alternative explanation is suggested along with its corresponding model. More specifically, we demonstrate that by incorporating the following two well-known human characteristics into the representation of agents: (1) in the human brain beliefs are interconnected, and (2) people strive to maintain a coherent belief system; polarization immediately occurs under exposure to news and information. Furthermore, the model accounts for the proliferation of fake news, and shows how opinion polarization is related to various cognitive biases.     

认知无线电网络中利用FEC和DE的多节点频谱感知算法

针对认知无线电网络(CRN)中空闲频谱感知困难的问题,本文提出了基于前向纠错和差分进化算法的多节点频谱感知算法。首先,利用基于差分进化算法的协同检测完成信号感知;然后,研究了信道噪声对频谱感知性能的影响;最后,分析了前向纠错技术在信道存在噪声时对频谱感知性能的影响。仿真实验将纠错和无纠错控制信道的不同信噪比作为依据,采用三种不同的检测方法评估了本文算法。仿真实验结果表明,在存在噪声的认知无线电网络中,本文算法提高了系统的性能和检测概率,且协同感知算法的性能随着节点数目的增加而提高,该算法适合应用于实时性要求较高的应用程序。     

理、化、生不同专业大学生关于能量概念的认识现状研究

能量概念是科学教育的一个核心概念,也是近年来国际科学教育研究的一个热点话题。在柳秀峰、Wilson等人的研究基础上,构建了能量概念的认识模型。基于该模型,并结合国内物理、化学和生物等不同专业的中学、大学教材中涉及的能量相关概念,笔者编制了调查问卷,对北京师范大学物理、化学和生物等不同专业的共280名大学生进行了测查和访谈。通过Rasch模型和SPSS统计分析发现,不同学科背景的学生对能量概念的认识角度和水平存在差异,而且存在一些偏差认识。基于学生的认识现状,笔者最后构建了关于能量概念认识的难度进阶,并对能量概念的教学提出了建议。     

基于认识模型建构与应用的化学教学设计*——“水溶液中的离子反应与离子平衡”一轮复习课

分析了“水溶液中的离子反应与离子平衡”主题内容,通过学生前测发现学生对这一部分内容的认识存在着认识水平较低、认识不够深入等问题。针对这一问题,在实际教学中通过构建水溶液中的离子反应与离子平衡认识模型的方式,创设真实的问题情境,引导学生明确任务类型、丰富认识角度、形成认识思路,从而使学生对主题内容的认识走向深入和系统。通过后测,分析了教学效果,进行了教学反思,为在教学实践中开展认识模型建构教学提供参考。