浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铅的研究

提出了浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铅的新方法,并详细探讨了溶液pH值、试剂浓度等实验条件对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响.在最佳条件下,富集50 mL样品溶液,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定,铅的检测限为0.82μg/L,铅的富集倍数为66倍.该方法可用于自来水、井水及河水中痕量铅的测定.     

正态云关联规则在气象中的应用

用数据挖掘方法发现关联规则和进行预测是信息处理领域的两大热点。在文献[1]的基础上对这两个问题进行了进一步的研究，提出了应用竞争聚集臬法确定正态云的两个参数，应用双参数阈值挖掘正态云关联规则，并利用求正态云关联规则的支持率和信任度来进行预测。将这种方法应用于气象数据，结果表明，所提出的关联规则挖掘方法比文献[1]所用的方法更合理，该预测方法简单易懂，更容易被人理解和使用。     

氢原子中电子运动图形的绘制

本文研究了氢原子中电子运动波函数和电子云图像的绘制方法，给出了BASIC语言编写的绘图程序以及绘制的波函数和电子云的立体、等值、界面图。     

Calculation of electron wave functions and refractive index of Ne

The radial wave functions of inner electron shell and outer electron shell of a Ne atom were obtained by the approximate analytical method and tested by calculating the ground state energy of the Ne atom. The equivalent volume of electron cloud and the refractive index of Ne were calculated. The calculated refractive index agrees well with the experimental result. Relationship between the refractive index and the wave function of Ne was discovered. Supported by the New Star Program of Beijing Science and Technology, China (Grant No. 952870400), the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education, and the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Ministry of Education, China     

IRAS／Cirrus7中的尘埃辐射

根据IRAS四个波段的红外辐射流量,并认为尘埃粒子的红外吸收系数对波长的依赖关系为下列形式Q_(abs)∝λ~(-n),导出了IRAS/Cirrus 7中的观测尘埃温度T_d,辐射峰值波长λ_m及尘埃的远红外光学厚度τ_(60μ),τ_(100μ)。与由浸没在银河系总辐射场中的尘埃粒子模型所予言的平衡温度比较,讨论了IRAS/Cirrus 7中尘埃粒子的尺度,成分等性质以及对尘埃粒子加热的能量来源。     

地形对于对流云发展条件的数值模拟

本文采用地形坐标系，设计了复杂地形热力和动力作用下中尺度天气系统对流云发展的二维数值模式，由模拟试验得出了与理论和观测事实完全一致的结果，即地形的动力热力抬升作用及充沛的水汽源和不稳定层结有利于对流云的发生发展。     

基于卫星云图的无眼台风中心定位算法

基于数学形态学理论,采用球形结构元素设计了一种滚球滤波器,以去除红外卫星云图的噪声。采用多值自适应分割算法,生成自适应的分割模板,分割出主体台风云系。通过分析不同类型无眼台风云系的眼区特点,提出了具有自适应特性的无眼台风云系中心自动定位算法。通过红外通道和水汽通道的多谱图像融合,校验无眼台风中心的定位。实验结果表明,这种方法可以初步解决大部分无眼台风的中心定位。     

基于扫描隧道显微镜的原子电子云结构

本文简要介绍了扫描隧道显微镜的基本工作原理，展示了一些扫描样品（石墨和铜）的电子云图，在简要介绍量子力学关于原子电子云结构基本理论的基础上，通过理论上的电子云结构与扫描结果的比较，在一定程度上验证了量子力学关于原子电子云结构理论的正确性．     

Determination of the optical thickness and effective particle radius of clouds from transmitted solar radiation measurements

A method is presented for determining the optical thickness (τc) and effective particle radius (re) of stratiform cloud layers from transmitted solar radiation measurements. A detailed study shows that the cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius of water clouds can be determined from transmission function measurements at 0.75 and 2.13 μm, provided that the scaled optical thickness τ′0.75>1 and re>5 μm. The wavelengths adopted by our study are similar to the channels of the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS). The proposed method is invalid for optically thin clouds since transmission at 2.13 μm is less sensitive to re. The retrieval errors of τ′0.75 and re monotonically decrease with increasing τc. For clouds having τ′0.75≥2, the retrieval errors of τ′0.75 and re are below 10% and 20%, respectively. Transmissions at 0.75 and 1.65 μm can also be used to retrieve τc and re.     

HPLC method development and validation of cytotoxic agent phenyl‐heptatriyne in Bidens pilosa with ultrasonic‐assisted cloud point extraction and preconcentration

Extraction and pre‐concentration of a bioactive marker compound, phenyl‐1,3,5‐heptatriyne from Bidens pilosa, prior to HPLC has been demonstrated using both organic and ecofriendly solvents. Non‐ionic surfactants, viz. Triton X‐100, Triton X‐114 and Genapol X‐80, were used for extraction. No back‐extraction or liquid chromatographic steps were required to remove the target phytochemical from the surfactant‐rich extractant phase. The optimized cloud point extraction procedure has been shown to be a potentially useful methodology for the preconcentration of the target analyte, with a preconcentration factor of 4–99. Moreover, the method is simple, sensitive, rapid and consumes lesser solvent than traditional methods. An isocratic chromatographic separation and quantitation was accomplished on a C₁₈ column with acetonitrile–acidified aqueous as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, UV detection at 254 nm and specificity with photo diode‐array detector (PDA) and MS. Under the optimum experimental conditions recovery was satisfactory (99.18–100.33%) without interference from the surfactant. The method seems to be reliable with intraday precision and interday precision below 2.0%. Good linearity was obtained in the working range from 7.5 to 30 µg/mL with correlation coefficient >0.99. The limits of detection and quantitation were 1.84 and 6.13 µg/mL, respectively. The method was validated following international guidelines and successfully applied for quantitative assays of cytotoxic compound phenyl‐1,3,5‐heptatriyne in Bidens pilosa. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.