Dephosphatation under UV light of water by Ti-PILC with activation by secondary species (La,Se, and Rb)

Me/Ti-PILC catalysts (Me: La, Se, Rb) were prepared with 60% in weight of Ti-species and 3% in weight of Me-secondary species added under ultrasounds. All materials were characterized by XRF, XPS, XRD, BET, HR-TEM/EDS, FEG-SEM and UV-vis. Three kinds of Ti-oxide nanoparticles were identified: (1) Ti-pillars within the clay layers, (2) rutile nanoflowers, and (3) anatase. In UV-vis spectra, no significant change in the band-gap was observed. In La and Se samples, small variations of the anatase XRD lines are associated with cationic diffusion after deposition of secondary species and calcination. An O1s XPS-peak (533.5 eV) is attributed to oxygen vacancies generated by this diffusion. Phosphate photo-removal in water was studied using phosphoric acid solution (75.97 g L⁻¹). Dephosphatation is significantly improved in the presence of Me-species as La/Ti-PILC > Se/Ti-PILC > Rb/Ti-PILC > Ti-PILC. Partial dephosphatation by adsorption is possible in the dark but is strongly improved by UV irradiation. With a La catalyst and under UV irradiation, phosphates (6.6 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹) were recovered in less than 70 min. Therefore, Me/Ti-PILC have a great potential as photocatalysts for the treatment of wastewaters and the recovery of phosphates.     

生物质与烟煤混合灰熔融特性影响因素的研究

为探究气氛、混合比及残炭含量对生物质与煤混合灰熔融特性的影响,将松木屑灰与乌海烟煤灰按不同质量比混合,采用智能灰熔点仪测定各混合灰样在不同气氛下的灰熔融温度,X射线衍射仪从矿物质演变角度分析混合灰熔融温度变化的原因。结果表明,由于铁尖晶石和铁橄榄石的生成,使混合灰的熔融温度在弱还原性气氛下比氧化性气氛下低,且差值的大小与混合灰中Fe含量有关;随松木屑灰含量的增加,钙铝黄长石、镁黄长石、白榴石等低温共熔物的生成量增加,使混合灰的熔融温度降低;此外,由于Fe-C共熔体(Fe_xC_y)的生成、灰锥局部还原性气氛及残炭的"骨架"作用,使混合灰的熔融温度随煤灰中残炭含量的增加呈现先升高后降低再升高的趋势。     

BP神经网络预测混凝土抗渗性能的研究

综合考虑了双掺矿物、掺合料混凝土抗渗性能的各种影响因素，选取了双掺矿粉、粉煤灰混凝土配料中7个主要因素作为输入量，混凝土28d抗渗系数为输出量，建立了混凝土抗渗性能预测的BP网络模型，进而对双掺矿粉、粉煤灰混凝土配合比抗渗性能试验数据进行分析．结果表明此模型的可靠度高，可用于混凝土渗透性的虚拟化设计．     

论卤盐养生（8）

卤盐（包括食盐）是中国矿物药的重要组成部分。从文化价值、临床应用和情志调摄3个方面诠释了卤盐的养生学意义,并全面、详细地阐述了食盐对中国古代文化的四大贡献、6种盐类的现代临床应用价值以及盐湖旅游的6项要素;列举了160多个盐湖卤水的主要化学成分、矿化度或微量元素;摘录了论述卤盐主治功用的古今文献。本文分期刊出。     

Green synthesis of naphtho[2,3-f]quinolin-13-one and naphtho[2,3-a]acridin-1(2H)-one derivatives catalyzed by heteropoly acid supported montmorillonite K-10 clay

Herein, synthesis of a series of naphtho[2,3-f]quinolin-13-one and naphtho[2,3-a]acridin-1(2H)-one derivatives directly by one-pot multi-component reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds (1,3-indanedione/1,3-cyclohexanedione), 2-aminoantharacene/2-naphthylamine and various substituted aldehydes under solvent-free conditions using heteropoly-11-molybdo-1-vanadophosphoric acid supported on montmorillonite K-10 clay catalyst (10% PVMoK-10) is reported. The successful formation of naphtho[2,3-f]quinolin-13-one and naphtho[2,3-a]acridin-1(2H)-one derivatives was confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. This study offers a green approach for the synthesis of novel quinolinone derivatives.     

Green Procedure for the Synthesis of Phthalazino[2,3‐b]phthalazine‐5,7,12,14‐tetraones

Different novel phthalazino[2,3‐b]phthalazine‐5,7,12,14‐tetraones were synthesized in a simple and environmentally benign method from the reaction of phthalic anhydrides with semicarbazide or thiosemicarbazide using montmorillonite K‐10 clay as solid heterogeneous acidic catalyst and microwaves under solvent‐free conditions in good yields and short reaction times. Products were characterized by the elemental analysis, IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry.     

Influence of Interfacial Tension on Seeded Calcium Carbonate Scale Precipitation: Effect of Adsorbed Asphaltenes

Clay particles with adsorbed asphaltenes, which are commonly found in produced water, have been used as seed particles during precipitation of calcium carbonate in order to determine whether such particles may influence the kinetics of precipitation. The results show that the presence of the adsorbed asphaltenes accelerates the precipitation, and there is also a significant difference between different types of adsorbed asphaltenes. The adsorption of asphaltenes at the seed surface leads to a significant increase in the interfacial tension between the seed surface and the aqueous solution, and calcium carbonate therefore precipitates at the seed surface in order to reduce this high interfacial tension.     

Polypyrrole–montmorillonite nanocomposite as sorbent for solid‐phase microextraction of phenolic compounds in water

A fiber‐coated polypyrrole–montmorillonite nanocomposite was prepared for solid‐phase microextraction. The fiber coating can be prepared easily; it is mechanically stable and exhibits relatively high thermal stability. The prepared fiber was evaluated for the extraction of some phenolic compounds from aqueous sample solutions by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The effects of the extraction and desorption parameters including extraction time, extraction temperature, stirring rate, ionic strength, pH and desorption temperature and time have been studied. At optimum conditions, the repeatability for one fiber (n = 5), expressed as % relative standard deviation was between 6.5 and 7.8% for the phenolic compounds. The detection limits for the studied phenolic compounds were between 0.05–1.3 ng/mL. The developed method offers the advantage of being simple to use, with shorter analysis time, lower cost, thermal stability of the fibers, and high relative recovery in comparison to conventional methods of analysis.