Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic property of a new nickel selenite chloride: Ni5(SeO3)4Cl2

The new nickel selenite chloride, Ni₅(SeO₃)₄Cl₂, was obtained by high-temperature solid state reaction of NiCl₂, Ni₂O₃ and SeO₂ in a 1:2:4 molar ratio at 700 °C in an evacuated quartz tube. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Ni₅(SeO₃)₄Cl₂ crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P-1 (No. 2) with cell parameters of a=8.076(2), b=9.288(2), c=9.376(2) Å, α=101.97(3), β=105.60(3), γ=91.83(3)° and Z=2. All nickel(II) ions in Ni₅(SeO₃)₄Cl₂ are octahedrally coordinated by selenite oxygens or/and chloride anions (([Ni(1)O₅Cl], [Ni(2)O₄Cl₂], [Ni(3)O₅Cl], [Ni(4)O₆] and [Ni(5)O₄Cl]). The structure of the title compound features a condensed three-dimensional (3D) network built by Ni(II) ions interconnected by SeO₃²⁻ anions as well as Cl⁻ anions. Magnetic property measurements show strong antiferromagnetic interaction between nickel(II) ions.     

Thermal decomposition of sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate pre-adsorbed on TiO2 surfaces

The thermal decomposition of sodium nitrite or nitrate pre-adsorbed upon TiO₂ surfaces has been investigated by employing several techniques as infrared spectroscopy (IR) and temperature programmed desorption in conjunction with mass spectrometry analysis (TPD-MS) to study the features observed during these thermal decompositions. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) in combination with X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were used to investigate the possibility of a solid state chemical reaction between the solid products originated from the thermal decomposition of the pre-adsorbed species and the TiO₂. On the basis of our results, various characteristic features of these thermal decomposition reactions will be discussed.This work was supported by JUNTA DE ANDALUCIA (financial support for research groups/1990).     

ESCA: Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis

A substance on which X-rays fall emits photoelectrons and Auger electrons. The energy spectra of the electrons emitted provide information about the electronic structure in the specimen, ranging from the innermost atomic levels and their dependence on the chemical environment to the molecular orbitals of the valence electrons and the band structure in solids. Electron spectra of this nature can now be recorded with high-resolution instruments; their analysis offers new aspects for investigation of chemical composition. The method of electron spectroscopy developed for this purpose, which has now been developed to a high degree of perfection, will be referred to in the following discussion as ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis).     

XPS characterization of wood chemical composition after heat‐treatment

XPS was used to characterize the chemical changes occurring after drying or applying a heat‐treatment to beech wood samples. Our results indicate that the surface of this air‐exposed material could be strongly affected either by the ambient atmosphere during storage or by the complex atmosphere in the oven during drying or heat‐treatment. However, the O/C ratio measured after removal of a thin slice of a few millimetres of an untreated sample is in reasonable agreement with that calculated from the well‐established chemical composition of beech. Through this methodology (equivalent to scraping for hard materials) it is expected to get a realistic characterization of the wood. The reliability and repeatability of the XPS measurements have been checked and the method applied to the study of the chemical changes of the beech samples subjected to heat‐treatment. Heating at 240 °C induces a significant decrease of the O/C ratio from 0.55 before to 0.44 after the treatment. Heat‐treatment induces also a decrease of the C₂ carbon contribution (carbon atom bound to a single non‐carbonyl oxygen) associated with an increase of the C₁ carbon contribution (carbon atoms bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms), in agreement with chemical modifications reported previously in the literature. Thanks to the small analysed area of the equipment used in this study, different spots were analysed to demonstrate the presence or absence of a gradient of chemical composition due to thermal degradation or migration of extractives from within the wood structure to its surface. At the scale of our observations, the different wood samples investigated (dried or heat treated) appear to be homogeneous. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微量元素及热处理对ZL107组织和性能的影响

ZL107合金具有良好的铸造性能和较高的力学性能,应用非常广泛,但目前还不能满足现代工程结构中大型、复杂、高强度重要铸件的要求.实验在原有成分的基础上,通过添加微量合金元素、混合稀土变质和选择合理的热处理工艺来进一步提高ZL107的综合力学性能.实验结果表明,改进后的合金经过金属型浇注、T5处理后的力学性能:σb为324.2 MPa,δ5为4.1%,HBS为102,比原ZL107合金分别提高了19.7%、46.4%和8.0%.改进后的ZL107合金不但具有较高的强度和硬度,而且具有良好的塑性,有望成为大型、复杂、高强度结构铸铝件的优选合金之一.     

浅论权利质权的设定

简要介绍了权利质权的概念及特点，阐明了权利质权的设定因其标的物的不同而不同。债权质权、股权质权、知识产权和其他权利质权的设定除受权利质权设定一般原则的约束外，还受与其标的相适应的个别规则的约束。     

脱臭蒜素胶囊的研制

介绍了大蒜的主要化学成分及食疗价值,探讨了大蒜的脱臭机理,阐述了脱臭蒜素胶囊的制造技术.     

等价式在簇合物中的应用

介绍了分子或复杂离子的等价式概念，等价式与分子或复杂离子具有相同的价电子数．等价式与分子或复杂离子的结构及它们中的每个原子的成键情况是紧密联系的，同时等价式仅与价电子有关，而与内层电子无关．在等价式中，各种键型之间存在着明确的数学关系式，这个数学关系式完全适用于任何类型的化合物，并且无任何错误之处，同时也扩大了半拓扑图式理论的应用范围．簇合物中存在的键型种类多，成键情况比较复杂．列出了主族原子簇合物和过渡金属簇合物中各种键型之间所符合的数学关系式，这样等价式概念在簇合物中得到了应用，处理结果令人满意。     

化学合金法研制Co-Fe-Ce-B非晶合金磁性纳米粒子

利用化学合金法，得到了Co-Fe-Ce-B系多元钴基非晶合金磁性纳米粒子．通过化学分析、X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、差示扫描量热分析仪（DSC）以及物理吸附仪，对其组分比例、粒径、结构和性能进行了研究．测试结果表明：在较温和的试验条件下，利用化学合金，能实现纳米粒径的Co-Fe-Ce-B非晶态合金磁性纳米粒子的合成．     

关于f×f与f的动力性质间关系的研究

利用伪轨跟踪性质和一些其他方法,研究了紧系统(X×X,f×f)和(X,f)的动力性质间的关系,有些结果推广了文献[1～5]、[7～9]中的相应结果.