Using a process-centered approach to minimize the effort of compliance

 The complexity of different quality standards can, in principle, be covered by different approaches and strategies. In-depth process mapping of quality control (QC) work streams was used by the analytical laboratories of Lonza AG to show up the principle differences in being compliant to different quality systems. The results identified two main drivers for all necessary actions: process-related activities and infrastructure-related activities. In addition, a clear indication of the economic impact of these driving forces was gained, which led the laboratories to decide on a process-oriented approach. This approach has the advantage of being able to reflect the different demands of different quality assurance (QA) regulations within the same QC organizational structure. Following the process helps avoid unnecessary efforts in analytical work and represents a very economical approach, at the same time, providing high flexibility to react to different QA or customer demands. Received: 5 July 2002 Accepted: 12 November 2002 Acknowledgements The process-oriented approach resulted from many, very challenging discussions for which I would like to thank the staff of my organization (Analytics & QC), especially, the QA staff and the LIMS team. Presented at Analytica Conference, 23–26 April 2002, Munich, Germany Correspondence to B. Ciommer     

Rates of convergence of α-stable random motions

The rate-of-convergence problem in the central limit theorem is considered for -stable distributions on the noncommutative group of motions in ^d. The method used here is based on the theory of probability metrics.     

Monte carlo calculations of the conformal charge

The conformal charge is an important quantity which characterizes the nature of the two-dimensional phase transition. We report a first attempt to use a new numerical method to calculate the conformal charge. In this paper, we apply our method to the 2-dimensional, ⁴, continuous-spin Ising model. By varying the parameters in the Hamiltonian, one can change continuously from the known Gaussian limit to the Ising limit. It is well known that the critical points for these two systems are not in the same universality class. We study this behavior for the Gaussian model, the single-well ⁴ model, the border model, and the double-well ⁴ model for a large lattice. Our results, while giving a good general picture, are not so far sufficient to differentiate whether the non-Gaussian cases studied belong to the Ising model universality class or not. Further studies of other lattice sizes should serve to improve greatly our conclusions.     

Controlled enzyme-immobilisation on capillaries for microreactors for peptide mapping

In the present paper, the covalent immobilisation of the digesting enzyme trypsin has been achieved through photo-immobilisation on a portion of a silica capillary, thus leading to the construction of a capillary electrophoretic (CE)-microreactor for peptide mapping. The CE-microreactor is characterised by being a single piece, thus ensuring no fluidic or electrical leakage. The enzyme was immobilised with a surface density of 15.8 g/cm², the stability was high (80% after 38 days) and the rate of conversion was 0.2 ng/s. On-line protein mapping was tested with proteins of different dimensions, showing competitiveness in terms of time (completed map within 15 min) and exhaustive maps of small proteins. The results of the CE-microreactor and the potential to immobilise biocomponents easily on a desired portion of the capillary indicate further developments towards the construction of a variety of miniaturised enzymatic screening devices for high-throughput screening analysis.     

基于XML的数据仓库历史数据归档的实现

在基于XML的数据仓库历史数据归档的过程中，研究了如何利用ADO．NET技术实现将存储历史数据的关系数据库模式映射为XML模式，并实现关系数据库中历史数据的传递．形成XML文档，从而完成历史数据的归档．文中给出了实现归档的方法、部分关键程序代码以及实现的结果．     

模糊映射次微分在最小值点集合上的性质及其运算

在模糊数空间中，介绍了模糊数及模糊映射次微分等概念，引入模糊数的加法与乘法运算法则及序关系，定义了锥N（C，x0），证明了模糊映射在最小值点集合上的性质，通过实例，利用模糊数的定义、运算法则、序关系和模糊映射次微分的定义及性质对模糊映射的次微分作了尝试性的计算。     

静电场中不同边界问题的电势函数统一求解的实例

采用保角映射法与分离变量法及计算技术工具软件Mathematica 4相结合，对偏心圆柱面带电导体和分离圆柱面带电导体的等势面的求解进行了统一的描述，严格地求出了电势函数和电力线函数，作出了相应的等势线簇图形和电力线簇图形，并且进行了必要的讨论。     

文本处理中基于随机映射的加速LSI方法

首先针对在文本处理的高维矢量环境中Kohonen自组织映射神经网络的计算瓶颈问题和输入矢量空间中存在的问题进行分析，然后对随机映射(RM)和隐含语义索引(LSI)方法分别进行理论分析，提出用于文本处理的基于随机映射的加速LSI方法．试验结果表明，加速LSI方法可以在凸现原有语义联系的基础上，低代价、有效、可控地解决上述问题，极大地降低文本处理环境中Kohonen自组织神经网络的规模和计算代价．     

集中供热的节能技术

从集中供热节能的必要性出发，论述了综合治理系统水力失调、合理配置供热水泵、系统变流量运行、多热源共网联合供热等几种节能措施的技术及特点。     

当代生命科学研究的新成果

简要介绍了当代生命科学研究取得的新成果，包括揭示泥菌生理奥秘、实现哺乳动物单亲无精生殖、发现戒毒瘾蛋白质、实现基因替代。