Optimizing Conditions of Enhancing Granule Sludge Concentration and Performance

An expanded granular sludge bed （EGSB） reactor was adopted to study the influence factors and rule of enhancing granular sludge concentration and performance. The experiment was performed at 33 ℃, pH 6.0-8.0 with continuous flow by adding proper quantity of nutritional trace elements. The results show that SLR was the key of steady operation of EGSB reactor. The increment of the granular sludge was influenced by volume loading rate （VLR）, liquid up-flow velocity and sludge loading rate （SLR）. Concentration of granular sludge increased rapidly when liquid up-flow velocity was over 0.94 m · h^-1 with SLR being at 1.0-2.0 d ^-1. With the propriety parameters： liquid up-flow velocity 2.52 m · h^-1, SLR 1.0-2.2 d^-1 and VLR 8.2-13.1 kg · m ^3 · d^-1, 23 days＇ continuous operation resulted in an increment by over 80% of granular sludge concentration in the EGSB reactor, plus good granular sludge property.     

天津市政污泥热解及燃烧动力学特性的分析

利用热重分析仪,在氮气和空气气氛下分别对天津市政污泥进行热分析实验,并采用热重、微分热重、差示扫描量热等方法分析了市政污泥的热解特性及燃烧特性.实验结果表明城市污泥燃烧热反应可分为4个阶段:水分蒸发析出、污泥有机挥发成分析出燃烧、污泥有机质及固定碳燃烧、燃烧残余物及难分解物的分解.在实验条件下,污泥样品着火温度为277.5,℃,燃尽温度为540,℃.建立了天津市政污泥燃烧动力学模型,采用连续两方程拟合的方式,得到了上述主要阶段的表观活化能Ea和指前因子A.     

活性污泥法脱氮条件的优化研究

采用传统活性污泥法处理模拟生活污水,考察了温度、pH值、C/N比及振荡时间对脱氮效果的影响.实验结果表明,在温度为30℃、pH为7、C/N比是12:1及振荡时间为12h时,污水中氮去除效果最好,脱氮效率可达90％.     

丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂废水的生化处理研究

对兰州石化公司ABS生产装置生产的丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯 (ABS)树脂废水水质进行了分析和处理技术研究。通过试验筛选出两株ABS树脂废水高效降解菌ABS 2、ABS 5及其激活剂JH 6 ,可将絮凝处理后ABS树脂废水的生化需氧量与化学需氧量的比值由 38%提高到 4 9% ,提高了废水可生化性 ,强化了ABS树脂废水通过活性污泥法进行处理的效果 ,加快了废水处理启动速度 ,提高了处理效率。静态试验、动态试验及动态扩试等系统性试验表明 ,投加高效菌及其激活剂强化活性污泥法可在水力停留时间 8h内使ABS树脂废水化学需氧量由 770mg/L降至 12 0mg/L以下 ,实现达标排放。由色谱分析推断 ,处理后的水中残余成分主要为低聚物。     

剩余污泥的热解反应动力学研究

采用差热天平对南昌市青山湖污水厂的2种剩余污泥(消化前和消化后)进行TG-DTG-DSC实验。实验结果表明:未经消化的干基污泥的热解过程中有2个失重峰值。利用实验结果对2种干基污泥的热解表象及其动力学规律进行了研究。求解了2种污泥的化学反应动力学参数———频率因子A、活化能E及反应级数n,得到热解动力学方程。     

Reduction process and zinc removal from composite briquettes composed of dust and sludge from a steel enterprise

In this study, composite briquettes were prepared using gravity dust and converter sludge as the main materials; these briquettes were subsequently reduced in a tube furnace at 1000-1300℃ for 5-30 min under a nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and carbon content on the metallization and dezincification ratios of the composite briquettes were studied. The reduced composite briquettes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the gravity dust and converter sludge are combined into the composite briquettes and a reasonable combination not only improves the performance of the composite briquettes, but also leads to the reduction with no or little reductant and flux. As the reaction temperature is increased and the reaction time is extended, the metallization and dezincification ratios of the composite briquettes increase gradually. When the composite briquettes are roasted at 1300℃ for 30 min, the metallization ratio and dezincification ratio reaches 91.35% and 99.25%, respectively, indicating that most of the iron oxide is reduced and the zinc is almost completely removed. The carbon content is observed to exert a lesser effect on the reduction process; as the C/O molar ratio increases, the metallization and dezincification ratios first increase and then decrease.     

厌氧陶粒附着膜膨胀床启动及运行实验研究

采用载体吸附法的固定化方式培养了高活性的厌氧生物膜颗粒,并研究了反应器的启动运行、工艺特性及污泥特性等规律,探索用生物膜颗粒取代厌氧颗粒污泥的可行性,以缓解国内颗粒污泥供应不足的问题.实验装置采用厌氧附着膜膨胀床,投加人工配水,裸载体为陶粒(湿视密度1310kg·m-3,平均粒径0.32mm).实验分初次启动、二次启动及稳定运行两个阶段进行,反应器仅需24 d就可完成启动,COD容积负荷最高达到18kg·m-3·d-1,相应的COD去除率在70%～80%之间.     

工业铝厂富水氢氧化铝污泥冻结点的测定

依据冻结点测定原理和污泥内水分存在的多种形式 ,测定了工业铝厂富水氢氧化铝污泥冷冻过程中温度和电阻随时间变化的工作曲线 ,得到该污泥冻结点为 - 1.3～ - 3.0℃ ,与冷冻环境温度无关 .     

膜分离活性污泥法在食品工业废水处理中的应用

以处理食品加工厂的生产废水为例，介绍了膜分离活性污泥法的特点：污泥负荷大、出水水质稳定、生化反应速率快、占地面积少、维护管理简便等；同时还介绍了中空纤维膜的维护管理方法。     

丝状菌性污泥膨胀及生物选择器控制

论述了利用生物选择器来控制活性污泥的丝状菌膨胀问题，阐述了选择器的作用原理、动力学选择性理论、积累／再生理论、饥饿理论，指出茵胶团的吸附储存能力比丝状菌强得多，从而在选择器中可以大量储存有机物，在后续的曝气池中得到大量的增殖，但选择器无法控制丝状菌引起的膨胀。