苯酚和草酸二甲酯在不同分子筛催化下的酯交换反应

研究了以TS－1、H－ZSM－5、Hβ和H－丝光沸石等不同分子筛为催化剂，苯酚和草酸二甲酯酯交换合成草酸二苯酯反应。通过对催化剂进行吸附吡啶的红外光谱和NH3－TPD表征，考察了不同分子筛催化剂的酸性和酸强度对草酸二苯酯合成反应的影响，确定了催化剂上的弱酸中心是催化苯酚和草酸二甲酯酯交换合成草酸二苯酯反应的活性位，且催化剂的酸性中心越多，酸量越大，催化活性越好。催化剂上的强酸中心促进了副产物苯甲醚的生成。     

Implication of fractal geometry for fluid flow properties of sedimentary rocks

It is demonstrated that a certain amount of order can be extracted from an apparently random distribution of pores in sedimentary rocks by exploiting the scaling characteristics of the geometry of the porespace with the help of fractal statistics. A simple fractal model of a sedimentary rock is built, and is tested against both the Archie law for conductivity and the Carman-Kozeny equation for permeability. We demonstrate how multifractal scaling of pore-volume can be used as a tool for rock characterization by computing its experimentalf() spectrum, which can be modelled by a simple two-scale Cantor set.     

均分散胶体的研究 V. 锆化合物均分散颗粒的制备

根据部分稳定氧化锆陶瓷(PSZ)的增韧机制,减小陶瓷粉料ZrO_2颗粒的尺寸是提高陶瓷韧性及其它机械性能的关键,因此合成细微ZrO_2粉料的研究开展得十分活跃.韩利成等用液相沉淀法制备尺寸在微米级以下的氢氧化锆颗粒.村濑嘉夫等在H_2O_2存在下升温水解ZrOCl_2溶液,制备ZrO_2超细颗粒.从所发表的透射电子显微镜(TEM)照片看,他们所制得的颗粒形状和尺寸都不均一,而且粘连,恐难以满足烧制高韧性PSZ     

Mild and efficient Cs2CO3-promoted synthesis of phosphonates

A mild and convenient synthesis for phosphonates using cesium carbonate (Cs₂CO₃), tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and DMF was developed at room temperature. Numerous dialkyl phosphites were screened using a diverse array of alkyl halides and these reaction conditions were found to be highly efficient producing various phosphonates exclusively in moderate to high yields.     

Preparation of dibenzofuran-type amorphous polyetherketone by novel etherification reaction

4-Fluorobenzophenone reacted with potassium carbonate in the presence of silica catalyst in diphenyl sulfone solvent to yield 4,4′-dibenzoyldiphenyl ether. This new etherification reaction was extended to three difluoro aromatic ketones. 4,4′-Bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)diphenyl ether ( I ) reacted with potassium carbonate to yield a crystalline poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene) (PEK) and 4,4′-bis{4-[4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)phenoxy]benzoyl}benzene ( II ) gave a crystalline poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene-oxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene-oxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene)(PEKEKEKK). 2,8-Bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)dibenzofuran ( III ) or 2,8-bis(4-chlorobenzoyl)dibenzofuran ( IV ) reacted with potassium carbonate to yield a poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-2,8-dibenzofuran-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene) (PEKBK). The PEKBK was a noval amorphous polymer with the glass transition temperature of 222°C and it showed excellent thermal stability [T. Tanabe and I. Fukawa, Jpn. Pat., Kokai 64–74223 (1989)]. Several amorphous dibenzofuran type polyetherketone copolymers were prepared by coplycondensation of III with 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone ( V ) or 1,4-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene ( VI ) [T. Tanabe and I. Fukawa, Jpn. Pat., Kokai 1153722 (1989)]. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Assembled structures of nanocrystals in polymer/calcium carbonate thin-film composites formed by the cooperation of chitosan and poly(aspartate)

Assembled structures of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) nanocrystals have been examined for polymer/CaCO₃ thin-film composites synthesized through a self-organization process inspired by biomineralization. For the crystallization of CaCO₃, a thin-film matrix of chitosan has been used as a polymeric substrate. When the matrix is immersed into a supersaturated aqueous solution of CaCO₃ containing 1.4 × 10⁻³ wt % poly(aspartate) (PAsp), thin-film crystals of CaCO₃ are formed spontaneously. Three kinds of disklike films have been observed under a polarizing optical microscope. Electron diffraction analyses of each film have revealed that one is aragonite, displaying radial orientation of the c axes, and the others are vaterite, exhibiting different orientations. Detailed observation by scanning electron microscopy has clarified that these films are assemblies of crystalline particles 10–20 nm in size. The thin-film composites have been obtained over a PAsp concentration range of 4.4 × 10⁻⁴ to 1.0 × 10⁻² wt %. Vaterite formation becomes dominant when the concentration of PAsp is increased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5153–5160, 2006     

The Aggregation Kinetics of Colloidal Particles of Basic Yttrium Carbonate

Studyofthegrowthprocessofcolloidalparticlesofnonequilibriumandirreversibilityisanactiveareaofresearch.Therecognitionofcolloidalaggregatesasfractalobjectshasinspiredalargenumberofexperimentalandtheoreticalstudiesonthestructuralandkineticaspectsofaggregationprocesses"'.Morerecently,kineticsofhematiteaggregationbypolyacrylicacidhavebeenstudiedbyzhangandBume3.Theprimaryhematiteparticleswerequiteuniformandfairlyspherical.Inthispaper,wewillreportthesizeevolutionoffractalaggregatesofinitiallypolydis…     

Electrochemical determination of iodide on a vanadium oxide-polypropylene carbonate coated glassy carbon electrode

A vanadium oxide-modified glassy carbon electrode was simply and conveniently fabricated by casting vanadium tri(isoproxide) oxide (VO(OC₃H₇)₃) and poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) onto the glassy carbon electrode surface. The electrochemical properties of iodide at the VO(OC₃H₇)₃-PPC film-modified glassy carbon electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, and an anodic peak was observed at approximately +0.71 V (vs. SCE). Based on this, a sensitive and convenient electrochemical method was proposed for the determination of iodide. Flow injection amperometry (FIA) exhibited a good linear relationship with the concentration of iodide in the range of 5 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ and 1 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹, and the detection limit was 1 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹. Quantitative recovery of iodide in synthetic samples has been obtained and the interferences from different cations and anions have been studied. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of iodide in dry edible seaweed. The concentrations of iodide measured by this method are in good agreement with those obtained by spectrophotometric method.     

Scanning electron microscopic studies on different habits of gel grown doped manganese carbonate crystals

The effect of impurities on the growth of manganese carbonate crystals has been studied. Stereophotogrammetric analysis showed that all crystal faces have the same Miller indices and the peanut-shaped forms are twins with twin axis 0001.     

BF3催化碳酸二甲酯合成N-环己基氨基甲酸甲酯

对碳酸二甲酯与环己胺化合生成N-环己基氨基甲酸甲酯的反应进行了研究.考察了催化剂BF3的催化活性和相关反应条件.控制反应的较佳参数为：催化剂用量为n（环己胺）：n（BF3）=20：1;反应回流时间为20 h;反应温度控制在70℃;反应物配比n（DMC）：n（环己胺）=1.5：1.最高产率为49.05%,且反应后处理简单,对环境污染少.产品纯度高,达99.94%.