连动型抗干扰干涉具井下瓦斯浓度监测系统（英文）

针对井下甲烷浓度监控干扰大的问题,结合实时监测甲烷浓度的系统要求,设计角镜连动的自消震光学结构,构建了基于无线网络的实时数据通信系统.在干涉系统中,固定两个角镜位置,将两片半透半反镜用连杆结构同步旋转,由此产生光程差.由于采用了连杆结构,任意时刻引入的震动在两个分束镜上等量存在,其结果是差分值,可实现完全相消.由分析分束器的最大旋转范围计算得到系统的光程差变化范围.结合比尔朗伯定律,给出系统在井下工作的甲烷气体浓度最低检出限.分别在实验室及矿井主巷道中完成实验过程,通过化学反应法求得被测甲烷气体的标准浓度,与WQF530型光谱分析仪的测试结果作比较,结果表明:在实验室无干扰条件下,两种检测方法的相对误差均小于1.0%;在井下实验中,传统光学检测方法受环境影响明显,相对误差大幅增加,而本系统测试结果基本稳定,具有较强的抗干扰能力及较高的稳定性.     

多分辨力分析在自动聚焦算法抗噪声性能中的应用

自动聚焦是数码设备、计算机视觉中的一项关键技术。自动聚焦过程中,聚焦的准确性和抗噪声性能至关重要。以高频分量作为度量的聚集评价函数具有灵敏性高、聚焦准确的优点,适用于实时系统,但是对噪声十分敏感,受噪声污染时可能导致聚焦失败。因此,提出了一种具有噪声稳健性的高频分量自动聚焦评价函数。该函数通过小波多分辨力分析提取高频分量,利用了信号的每个子带的小波系数存在一定相关性,而噪声不存在这样的相关性的特点,设定高频子带阈值,认为低于阈值的系数是噪声的贡献,大致分离图像信号与噪声信号,从而将其滤除。经过大量的实验,证明提出的方法具有单峰性好、灵敏度高等优点,特别是在抗噪声性能方面有很大提高。     

What can statistical process control show us about ionization chamber stability?

PurposeStatistical process control (SPC) has been shown to be a suitable tool for medical physicists to monitor quality and keep variability low and within specifications. We report our findings regarding ionisation chamber stability in our department when using a radioactive stability check device (RSCD) and we compare them with similar previously published records, including calibration results.MethodsWe retrospectively studied the stability of a PPC 40 parallel-plate chamber, and two Farmer chambers (FC65-G and FC65-P) by checking them with dedicated RSCDs. We analysed the data following SPC methodology which includes plotting I-MR control charts, monitoring out-of-control observations, calculating process capability ratios (C_p), and estimating conformance to specifications. We also estimated the C_p and adherence to specifications of previously published data.ResultsThe PPC40 chamber hardly went out of the control limits over the whole six-year period assessed. However, Farmer chamber verifications drifted in opposite directions in phase II, and the deviations observed did not agree with their calibration records, which only increased by a maximum of 0.5%. In phase I the most unstable chamber was the FC65-P with a C_p equal to 0.9 at a specification level of ±1%. The PPC40 chamber was stable to within a maximum C_p of 1.3. Several sets of analysed data, including ours and those from other authors, fitted well within these limits: within ±1.9% and ±1.5% for a C_p of 1.5 and 1.33 respectively.ConclusionsSPC with constant long-term RSCD checking gave us a meaningful plot of the instability of our ionisation chambers. Although a period of two years between calibrations should not be surpassed, in the interim this check can conform to specifications of ±1.5%.     

常用微波衰减器脉冲功率容量测试

提出了一种微波衰减器脉冲功率容量的测试方法,该方法可概括为利用定向耦合器组测试比对法,测试系统主要由微波源、定向耦合器组、衰减器、检波器及示波器等器件及设备组成。选取了广泛应用于高功率微波测试系统的波导衰减器及同轴衰减器进行了功率容量测试。初步测试结果表明:在X波段,对于μs量级脉冲宽度的单脉冲,衰减材料为羟基铁的BJ-100矩形波导式衰减器的脉冲功率容量可达50 kW,厚膜电阻为衰减材料的N型接头的同轴式衰减器的功率容量可达10 kW以上。     

Facile synthesis of low-dimensional SnO2 nanostructures: An investigation of their performance and mechanism of action as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Owing to high-energy density of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), they have been investigated as an efficient electrochemical power sources for various energy applications. High theoretical capacities of tin oxide (SnO₂) anodes have led us a path to meet the ever-growing demands in the development of high-performance electrode materials for LIBs. In this paper, a facile approach is described for the synthesis of porous low-dimensional nanoparticles and nanorods of SnO₂ for application in LIBs with the help of Tween-80 as a surfactant. The SnO₂ samples synthesized at different reaction temperatures produced porous nanoparticles and nanorods with average diameters of ~7–10 nm and ~70–110 nm, respectively. The SnO₂ nanoparticle electrodes exhibit a high reversible charge capacity of 641.1 mAh/g at 200 mA/g after 50 cycles, and a capacity of 340 mAh/g even at a high current density of 1000 mA/g during the rate tests, whereas the porous nanorod electrodes delivers only 526.3 mAh/g at 200 mA/g after 50 cycles and 309.4 mAh/g at 1000 mA/g. It is believed that finer sized SnO₂ nanoparticles are much more favorable to trap more Li⁺ ion during electrochemical cycling, resulting in a large irreversible capacity. In contrast, rapid capacity fading was observed for the porous nanorods, which is the result of their pulverization resulting from repeated cycling.     

表面作用对分离式热管小螺旋管蒸发段两相流动与换热特性的影响

本文应用界面化学理论研究表面作用对分离式热管小螺旋管蒸发段管内流动和换热特性的影响。通过实验及分析,提出通过在一定范围内提高热管工作温度和添加润湿剂以降低水的表面张九提高管内壁的粗糙度以增强液膜的铺展性能。利用这两种方法可以有效地增强小螺旋管内壁面的润湿性能,从而提高管内换热性能．     

提高平衡炮发射能力的初步研究

 针对平衡炮试验中所要求的发射指标超过其发射能力的具体情况,提出了两种提高平衡炮发射能力的途径,并作了相应的内弹道性能分析,目的在于提高平衡炮的使用效率,充分发挥其作为大质量试验件的有效加载工具的效能,该研究可为提高平衡炮及其它火炮的发射能力提供依据和参考。     

厚度对非极性聚合物薄膜驻极体电荷储存及电荷动态特性的影响

以Du Pont公司的商用Teflon FEP A型薄膜为例，通过热脉冲技术、等温表面电位衰减测量和开路热刺激放电电流谱分析等实验结果，讨论了经常温和高温电晕充电后样品厚度对薄膜驻极体的沉积电荷密度、薄膜驻极体的内电场、体电导率以及电荷储存稳定性的影响.通过热脉冲技术组合电导率温度曲线的测量，研究了在不同温度条件下样品厚度对沉积电荷层的平均电荷重心移动的影响.结果表明：在充电参数一定的条件下，随着膜厚的降低，储存电荷密度上升，但电荷稳定性有所下降.因此，合理地调控薄膜厚度，可以有效地优化驻极体的电荷储存能 关键词： 厚度 驻极体 电荷储存能力 电荷稳定性     

高功率激光反射镜的几个关键技术

 分析了制作高功率连续激光反射镜材料的热性能、缺陷及其加工工艺, 提出了制作高功率激光反射镜应考虑的几个关键问题: 反射镜材料的综合热性能比值S, 材料的微观结构、缺陷的大小和晶向的选择, 以及加工工艺的设计。并介绍了实验结果。     

Modelling phenolic and technological maturities of grapes by means of the multivariate relation between organoleptic and physicochemical properties

The ripeness of grapes at the harvest time is one of the most important parameters for obtaining high quality red wines. Traditionally the decision of harvesting is to be taken only after analysing sugar concentration, titratable acidity and pH of the grape juice (technological maturity). However, these parameters only provide information about the pulp ripeness and overlook the real degree of skins and seeds maturities (phenolic maturity). Both maturities, technological and phenolic, are not simultaneously reached, on the contrary they tend to separate depending on several factors: grape variety, cultivar, adverse weather conditions, soil, water availability and cultural practices. Besides, this divergence is increasing as a consequence of the climate change (larger quantities of CO₂, less rain, and higher temperatures).