水泥对脱硫石膏性能影响的试验研究

为改善脱硫石膏的性能,使其在建筑工程中应用更为广泛。通过对不同水泥掺量的石膏进行抗压强度和抗折强度试验,探究石膏强度与水泥掺量的关系;并通过扫描电镜实验(SEM)和X射线衍射实验(XRD)对单掺水泥石膏强度变化的微观机制进行分析。研究结果表明:水泥掺入脱硫石膏后可以一定程度上改善脱硫石膏的力学性能,提高脱硫石膏的强度。通过微观机理分析发现,水泥-石膏混合体系中会产生钙矾石,由于钙矾石的膨胀以及硅酸钙水化后生成的水化硅酸钙凝胶填充于石膏孔隙,使石膏趋于密实,从微观上解释了石膏强度的增长机制。但由于钙矾石的膨胀具有双重作用,因此存在水泥的最经济掺加量,实验研究确定脱硫石膏中水泥的最经济掺加量为10%。     

活性炭储能骨料对相变混凝土压拉强度和导热性能影响的试验与分析

为了制备具有保温储热能力,同时具有一定强度的新型混凝土材料,对不同活性炭储能骨料掺量的相变混凝土进行了抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和导热系数试验,并对试验结果进行了分析。试验结果表明,掺入活性炭储能骨料降低了相变混凝土的抗压、劈裂抗拉强度,活性炭储能骨料掺量在15%以内,相变混凝土的强度损失率不超过10%。相变材料为液态时相变混凝土的导热系数略大于相变材料为固态时的导热系数,增加幅度低于5%。随着活性炭储能骨料掺量的增加,相变混凝土的导热系数增大明显,满足保温要求,活性炭储能骨料的掺量应在15%以内。     

基于DP准则双排管冻结壁力学特性理论分析

为了分析深厚冲击层双排管冻结壁的强度和稳定性,将冻结壁的温度场等效为梯形分布。根据冻结壁力学性质与温度之间的线性关系,基于Druker-Prager准则,推导出冻结壁弹性区和塑性区的应力解析表达式;以及冻结壁外荷载与塑性区相对半径之间关系。计算结果表明:冻结壁的径向应力随相对半径r的增大而增加;冻结壁环向应力在区间Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ随相对半径r的变化呈现不同的变化规律;并且冻结壁塑性区的应力与外荷载大小无关,只与其所处位置有关。另外,针对工程实例,计算得到控制层位的冻结壁承受外荷载,远小于其塑性极限荷载,从而表明该矿井冻结壁是安全可靠的。     

Zr基非晶合金准静态压缩下的多重剪切带行为

利用IUTM和SEM研究了Zr-Ti-Ni-Cu块状非晶合金的准静态单轴压缩变形和断裂行为. 研究表明:该合金的室温压缩变形过程主要表现为弹性和塑性变形,塑性变形阶段没有加工硬化现象. 在准静态压缩条件下Zr基非晶合金表现出多重剪切效应,提高了塑性. 微观研究证明,剪切带的滑移分枝与相互交叉是非晶合金塑性提高的主要机制. 沿着剪切带发现了微空洞和微裂纹,剪切带的形成与自由体积的合并有关. 塑性变形过程中形成脉纹状断口形貌,受力状态的不同脉状花纹表现为不同的形式.     

基于互功率谱的电机转子多根断条故障仿真

利用互功率谱方法对异步电动机发生多根导条断裂故障进行了模拟仿真,包括连续断条和间歇断条故障。数字仿真结果表明该方法能在信噪比较低的情况下,有效地诊断转子断条故障。     

Riemann theta functions periodic wave solutions and rational characteristics for the nonlinear equations

In this paper, based on a multidimensional Riemann theta function, a lucid and straightforward generalization of the Hirota-Riemann method is presented to explicitly construct multiperiodic Riemann theta functions periodic wave solutions for nonlinear equations such as the Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Sawada-Kotera equation and (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation. Among these periodic waves, the one-periodic waves are well-known cnoidal waves, their surface pattern is one-dimensional, and often they are used as one-dimensional models of periodic waves. The two-periodic waves are a direct generalization of one-periodic waves, their surface pattern is two-dimensional so that they have two independent spatial periods in two independent horizontal directions. A limiting procedure is presented to analyze in detail, asymptotic behavior of the multiperiodic waves and the relations between the periodic wave solutions and soliton solutions are rigorously established. This generalized Hirota-Riemann method can also be demonstrated on a class variety of nonlinear difference equations such as Toeplitz lattice equation.     

一种碳纤维织物增强复合材料应变率相关的各向异性强度准则

为了获得一种碳纤维二维正交平纹机织布增强树脂基复合材料在一维应变状态下的强度准则,在已完成的准静态和动态压缩实验的基础上,拟合出了单轴压缩下三个主方向上的计及应变率的应力-应变关系式,进而得到初始屈服应力和压缩破坏强度与应变率相关性表达式。依据该表达式,得到了该复合材料在一维应变下考虑应变率效应的Tsai-Hill屈服强度和破坏强度准则方程。通过计算,考察了Tsai-Hill屈服强度和破坏强度准则随应变率的变化规律。结果表明,本文中研究的复合材料的强度性能,不但存在应变率效应,而且这种效应是各向异性的。     

混凝土层裂强度测量的新方法

提出了利用Hopkionson压杆测量混凝土层裂强度的新实验方法:用高聚物材料取代传统的金属材料透射杆,混凝土试件为细长杆,由于高聚物波阻抗比混凝土小,试件中压缩波在试件/吸收杆界面反射后形成拉伸波使试件产生层裂破坏,通过吸收杆上透射波形可以确定混凝土层裂强度。由于波在粘弹性材料中的弥散效应,吸收杆中透射波形会发生变化,但三维有限元分析表明,在利用吸收杆上透射波确定混凝土层裂强度时弥散产生的影响可以忽略。按照一维特征线理论,可以由吸收杆上的应变波形确定出混凝土材料的层裂强度。     

Isospin-breaking corrections in the pion–deuteron scattering length

It is shown that isospin-breaking corrections to the pion–deuteron scattering length can be very large, because of the vanishing of the isospin-symmetric contribution to this scattering length at leading order in chiral perturbation theory. We further demonstrate that these corrections can explain the bulk of the discrepancy between the recent experimental data on pionic hydrogen and pionic deuterium. We also give the first determination of the electromagnetic low-energy constant f₁$f_1$.     

Magnetic field generation by convective flows in a plane layer

Hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic convective attractors in a plane horizontal layer 0≤z≤1 are investigated numerically. We consider Rayleigh-Bénard convection in Boussinesq approximation assuming stress-free boundary conditions on horizontal boundaries and periodicity with the same period L in the x and y directions. Computations have been performed for the Prandtl number P=1 for and Rayleigh numbers 0<R≤4000, and for L=4, 0<R≤2000. Fifteen different types of hydrodynamic attractors are found, including two types of steady states distinct from rolls, travelling waves, periodic and quasiperiodic flows, and chaotic attractors of heteroclinic nature. Kinematic dynamo problem has been solved for the computed convective attractors. Out of the 15 types of the observed attractors only 6 can act as kinematic dynamos. Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic regimes have been explored assuming as initial conditions convective attractors capable of magnetic field generation, and a small seed magnetic field. After initial exponential growth, in the saturated regime magnetic energy remains much smaller than the flow kinetic energy. The final magnetohydrodynamic attractors are either quasiperiodic or chaotic.