建筑物室外环视中加速绘制算法

提出一种用于建筑物环视系统混合绘制的加速方法,场景划分为主体模型和层次环境的带有深度的图像缓存(sprite with depth),采用BSP树存储场景的具有深度的图像缓存,用模型对存储场景的BSP树应用三维裁剪算法来减少不必要的绘制,并在环视过程中采用生成替代图像缓存方法,加速环视场景的生成.     

杨庄煤矿塌陷湖水资源勘查计算

通过对塌陷湖的实地勘查,运用水均衡原理,计算出该湖可供开采的水资源,认为该塌陷湖可作为淮北市供水后备水源地之一。     

一种计算稀土材料陷阱深度的新方法

表征陷阱材料的主要物理量是陷阱深度, 准确计算出陷阱深度对于研究陷阱材料具有重要的意义. 从能带模型出发, 利用速率方程分析了整个热释光过程, 提出了一种计算稀土材料陷阱深度的新方法, 替代以往利用单分子或双分子近似计算陷阱深度的方法. 以SrAl2O4：Eu^2＋, Dy^3＋及Sr4Al14O25：Eu^2＋, Dy^3＋材料为研究对象, 计算了陷阱深度. 研究表明, 这种计算方法能更准确、真实地描述其物理过程.     

Quantitative surface analysis by Auger and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Recent developments in quantitative surface analysis by Auger (AES) and x-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies are reviewed and problems relating to a more accurate quantitative interpretation of AES/XPS experimental data are discussed. Special attention is paid to consideration of elementary physical processes involved and influence of multiple scattering effects on signal line intensities. In particular, the major features of core-shell ionization by electron impact, Auger transitions and photoionization are considered qualitatively and rigorous approaches used to calculate the respective transition probabilities are analysed. It is shown that, in amorphous and polycrystalline targets, incoherent scattering of primary and signal Auger and photoelectrons can be described by solving analytically a kinetic equation with appropriate boundary conditions. The analytical results for the angular and energy distribution, the mean escape depth, and the escape probability as a function of depth of origin of signal electrons as well as that for the backscattering factor in AES are in good agreement with the corresponding Mote Carlo simulation data. Methods for inelastic background subtraction, surface composition determination and depth-profile reconstructions by angle-resolved AES/XPS are discussed. Examples of novel techniques based on x-ray induced photoemission are considered.     

Evaluation of the sputtering rate variation in SIMS ultra‐shallow depth profiling using multiple short‐period delta layers

We have developed multiple short‐period delta layers as a reference material for SIMS ultra‐shallow depth profiling. Boron nitride delta layers and silicon spacer layers were sputter‐deposited alternately, with a silicon spacer thickness of 1–5 nm. These delta‐doped layers were used to measure the sputtering rate change in the initial stage of oxygen ion bombardment. A significant variation of sputtering rate was observed in the initial 3 nm or less. The sputtering rate in the initial 3 nm was estimated to be about four times larger than the steady‐state value for 1000 eV oxygen ions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Oxygen diffusion in SrCe<Subscript>0.95</Subscript>Yb<Subscript>0.05</Subscript>O<Subscript>3−δ</Subscript>

¹⁸O/¹⁶O isotope exchange depth profiling (IEDP) combined with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been used to measure the oxygen tracer diffusivity of SrCe_0.95Yb_0.05O_3– between 800 °C and 500 °C at a nominal pressure of 200 mbar. The values of D* (oxygen tracer diffusion coefficient) and k (surface exchange coefficient) increase steadily with increasing temperature, and the activation energies are 1.13 eV and 0.96 eV, respectively. Oxygen ion conductivities have been calculated using the Nernst–Einstein equation. The transport number for oxide ions at 769 °C, the highest temperature studied, is only ~0.05. Moreover, SrCe_0.95Yb_0.05O_3– has been studied using impedance spectroscopy under dry O₂, wet O₂ and wet H₂ (N₂/10% H₂) atmospheres, over the range 850–300 °C. Above ~550 °C, SrCe_0.95Yb_0.05O_3– shows higher conductivity in dry O₂ than in wet O₂ or wet H₂; below that temperature the results obtained for the three atmospheres are comparable. Dry O₂ shows the highest activation energy (0.77 eV); the activation energies for wet O₂ and wet H₂ are identical (0.62 eV).Abbreviations HTPC high-temperature proton conductor - IEDP isotope exchange depth profiling - SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometryPresented at the OSSEP Workshop Ionic and Mixed Conductors: Methods and Processes, Aveiro, Portugal, 10–12 April 2003     

砂土中螺旋桩在斜拉荷载作用下的承载性能

为研究斜拉荷载倾斜角度和叶片埋深对螺旋桩极限承载力的影响,基于ABAQUS软件构建了砂土中螺旋桩的有限元模型,通过螺旋桩水平承载机理砂箱试验与竖向拉拔试验数据,对模型的准确性和可行性进行验证。设置4组不同叶片埋深的螺旋桩模型,分别施加不同角度的斜拉荷载,探讨了砂土地基中螺旋桩的承载性能与斜拉角度、叶片埋深的相关性。结果表明:砂土中螺旋桩的极限承载力随着斜拉角度的增大不断减小;当斜拉角度小于30°时,螺旋桩极限承载力与斜拉角度的关系曲线近似呈线性;螺旋桩极限承载力存在一个临界埋深比,当埋深比大于等于4时,承载力不随埋深比的增大而变化。推导了深埋状态下螺旋桩受斜拉荷载作用的极限承载力公式,经验证该公式能较好反映螺旋桩极限承载力随斜拉角度增大而逐渐下降的规律。     

冰盖下组合桥墩的局部冲刷特性及水力特性

为研究冰盖对组合桥墩局部冲刷及其周围流场分布的影响,基于动床冲刷试验,在不同覆盖条件下,分析了不同水流条件和桥墩尺寸对组合桥墩局部冲刷的影响,建立了预测明渠水流与冰盖流条件下组合桥墩最大冲刷深度的经验方程,并通过ADV测量了墩前的流场。结果表明:组合桥墩的冲刷模式与串列桥墩相似,最大冲刷深度始终出现在墩正前方;经验方程中来流水深、来流流速、桥墩尺寸、冰盖糙率均与最大冲刷深度呈正相关关系;在粗糙冰冰盖流条件下,墩前的垂向流速最大,导致其最大冲刷深度总是大于同等条件下的明渠水流和光滑冰盖流。     

同相水深-辐射关系率定

介绍了水体同相的概念,利用水体地质、地貌、沉积和水文等条件确定水体同相的方法,以及在水体同相前提下建立水深－辐射关系的实用性,并提出了利用稳定水下地形且测深资料的水域进行水深－辐射关系借地率定的新思路,探索了利用卫星遥感测量水下地形的新方法,该方法弥补了以往遥感测深需要低含沙的清澈水体的缺陷。     

化学法清洗硅片过程中清除颗粒的机理(英文)

对化学法清洗硅片过程中消除颗粒的机理作了定量的探讨。颗粒的清除是由于化学蚀刻和颗粒与表面排斥力共同作用的结果。首次提出了最浅蚀刻深度和最小蚀刻速度的概念。最浅蚀刻深度可通过颗粒与表面间作用能的关系进行计算。是小蚀刻速度则可通过蚀刻侧形进行计算。研究结果对于优化化学法清洗过程和设计高性能清洗液都具有重要意义。