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71.
Poro-micromechanics allows for the quantification of poroelastic properties such as the Biot and Skempton coefficients, once a continuum micromechanics model for the material under consideration has been developed and validated. Employing such a model for the transversely isotropic elasticity of cortical and trabecular bone, we determine the tensors of Biot and Skempton coefficients as functions of the volume fractions of mineral, collagen, and the micropore space (Haversian and Volkmann canals, and the inter-trabecular space). Increase of microporosity, as experienced in osteoporosis, as well as decrease of mineral content, as experienced in osteomalacia, lead to an increase of Biot and Skempton coefficients, i. e. to magnification of the mechanical role of the marrow filling the micropore space. For quantification of the marrow pressure rise upon downfall, undrained conditions are appropriate, as can be shown by model predictions of non-destructive impact experiments. 相似文献
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Dendritic Glycopolymer as Drug Delivery System for Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib in a Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement: First Steps Toward a Local Therapy of Osteolytic Bone Lesions
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74.
Supramolecular Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 with Sulfonated Polyrotaxanes to Induce Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation
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Since the early 1990s, tissue engineering has been heralded as a strategy that may solve problems associated with bone grafting procedures. The original concept of growing bone in the laboratory, however, has proven illusive due to biological, logistic, and regulatory problems. Fat-derived stem cells and synthetic polymers open new, more practicable routes for bone tissue engineering. In this paper, we highlight the potential of poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) to serve as a radiolucent scaffold in bone tissue engineering. It appears that PLCL quickly and preferentially binds adipose stem cells (ASCs), which proliferate rapidly and eventually differentiate into the osteogenic phenotype. An in vivo spinal fusion study in a goat model provides a preclinical proof-of-concept for a one-step surgical procedure with ASCs in bone tissue engineering. 相似文献
78.
Kim BJ Kim SY Cho YS Kim BJ Han BG Park EK Lee SH Kim HY Kim GS Lee JY Koh JM 《Experimental & molecular medicine》2011,43(2):71-81
There is increasing evidence of a biochemical link between lipid oxidation and bone metabolism. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) prevents the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and metabolizes biologically active phospholipids in oxidized LDLs. Here, we performed association analyses of genetic variation in PON1 to ascertain its contribution to osteoporotic fractures (OFs) and bone mineral density (BMD). We directly sequenced the PON1 gene in 24 Korean individuals and identified 26 sequence variants. A large population of Korean postmenopausal women (n=1,329) was then genotyped for eight selected PON1 polymorphisms. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Lateral thoracolumbar (T4-L4) radiographs were obtained for vertebral fracture assessment, and the occurrence of non-vertebral fractures (i.e., wrist, hip, forearm, humerus, rib, and pelvis) was examined using self-reported data. Multivariate analyses showed that none of the polymorphisms was associated with BMD at either site. However, +5989A>G and +26080T>C polymorphisms were significantly associated with non-vertebral and vertebral fractures, respectively, after adjustment for covariates. Specifically, the minor allele of +5989A>G exerted a highly protective effect against non-vertebral fractures (OR=0.59, P=0.036), whereas the minor allele of +26080T>C was associated with increased susceptibility to vertebral fractures (OR=1.73, P=0.020). When the risk for any OFs (i.e., vertebral or non-vertebral) was considered, the statistical significance of both polymorphisms persisted (P=0.002-0.010). These results suggest that PON1 polymorphisms could be one of useful genetic markers for OF risk in postmenopausal women. 相似文献
79.
Molecular Control of Bioactivity in Sol-Gel Glasses 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hench Larry L. Wheeler Donna L. Greenspan David C. 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1998,13(1-3):245-250
Bioactive materials can be divided into: Class A bioactive glasses which exhibit rapid bonding to bone and soft connective tissue and are osteoproductive, and osteoconductive; and Class B bioactive ceramics, which bond slowly only to bone and are only osteoconductive. Bioactive sol-gel glasses composed of SiO2-CaO-P2O5 have Class A behavior in vitro and in vivo and also resorb as they enhance the proliferation of new trabecular bone. 相似文献
80.
染色体标本制备在骨髓MSCs核型鉴定中的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选取对数生长期人骨髓间充质干细胞,用秋水仙素阻断细胞分裂中期,控制秋水仙素的终浓度和作用时间、低渗时间及胰酶消化显带时间,比较染色体标本制备效果。结果显示,秋水仙素的终浓度0.2μg/ml和作用时间6h,低渗时间35min及胰酶消化时间20s时可制备适合的染色体标本,经核型鉴定为正常二倍体细胞。从而探索出骨髓间充质干细胞染色体制备的适合条件,为骨髓间充质干细胞的进一步研究提供了理论依据和实验基础。 相似文献