Fe3+对MBR减缓膜污染的研究进展

膜生物反应器(membrane bioreactor, MBR)作为一种高效的污水处理及回用工艺,比传统的活性污泥法具有更多优势。然而,膜污染问题是限制其广泛应用的关键性问题。众多研究者已证实Fe₃₊能有效的改善MBR中混合液的可滤性及减缓膜污染。本文简述了MBR污泥混合液中主要污染物—胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances, EPSs),并总结Fe₃ 在去除混合液中污染物、减缓膜污染方面的效能及其对污泥混合液的影响。最后,对Fe₃ 在减缓MBR膜污染的未来研究方向进行展望。     

膜生物反应器用于高校中水回用的可行性分析

分析了在当前水资源短缺条件下，高校进行中水回用的优势以及利用膜生物反应器技术的可行性，并进行了费用效益方面的讨论．研究结果表明：高校将部分污水进行中水回用，既可减轻城市供水和排水的压力，又具有可观的经济效益和环境效益．     

Spectrophotometric cell comprising parallel rotating and stationary bioreactors: Application to the determination of glucose in serum samples

A spectrophotometric cell comprising parallel bioreactors facing each other and containing immobilized enzyme preparations is described. The lower reactor rotates to minimize diffusional constraints, and the upper reactor is fixed to provide an integrated design for the realization of coupled enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The operating characteristics of the cell are illustrated with the determination of glucose using glucose oxidase [EC 1.1.3.4] and horseradish peroxidase [EC 1.11.1.7] as immobilized enzymes (horseradish peroxidase on the rotating reactor and glucose oxidase on the stationary one). The H₂O₂ produced in the dissolved-oxygen oxidation of β- -glucose enters into oxidative coupling in a reaction with N,N-dimethylaniline and 4-aminophenazone which is catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase; the absorbance of the colored complex formed provides the basis for monitoring. The cell was incorporated into a continuous-flow/stopped-flow/continuous-flow operation, and the determination was based on the rate of response under stopped-flow conditions. The overall approach was applied to the determination of glucose in standards of human serum and samples of bovine blood serum.     

好氧颗粒污泥膜生物反应器处理畜禽废水

采用好氧颗粒污泥膜生物反应器处理畜禽废水，分别对COD、NH4^＋-N、NO2^--N、NO3^--N的去除效果和对膜通量的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在水力停留时间（HRT）为8h，进水COD浓度为600mg／L，NH4^＋-N浓度为40mg／L的条件下，出水COD、NH4^＋-N的浓度分别为46．6和4．8mg／L。NO2^--N和NO3^--N的去除率也可达90％以上。并且好氧颗粒污泥的加入减缓了膜的污染。     

新型生物反应器处理番茄酱加工有机废水的实验研究

采用好氧-厌氧耦合反应器处理番茄酱加工有机废水,主要研究了反应器在驯化期与运行期的性能,并初步考察了反应器对总磷的去除效果.结果表明：在室温下,采用间歇式进水和连续曝气的方式,反应器在22天内达到较好的驯化效果;在运行期对CODCr、BOD5和TP的平均去除率分别为93.08%、95.81%和83.60%,pH值平均达到7.70,新型生物反应器具有很好的CODCr、BOD5去除性能和TP去除效果,适合于番茄酱加工有机废水的处理.     

生物反应器内人参细胞的培养生长及代谢特性

利用2．4L搅拌式反应器对人参细胞的培养生长与代谢特性进行了研究．结果显示：细胞3个生长时期的持续时间与接种量、初始营养浓度、营养流加情况及培养条件（如温度和溶解氧等）有关；分批培养和流加培养时的最大细胞得率分别为12g/L和35g/L（细胞干重）；细胞的皂甙含量在旺盛生长期快速上升，并保持增长至衰退期前期；干细胞中最大的皂甙含量达60～70g／kg；随着细胞的生长，培养液的电导值从8000μS以上下降至600μS以下，细胞自溶后逐渐回升．另外，培养后期部分细胞颜色变红，但没有发现颜色转变对皂甙含量造成影响．培养液的电导可以作为判别培养状态的指标之一，用于指导培养控制及终止培养操作．细胞的收获时间应在衰退期的前期．     

生物反应器光能无机营养培养海带配子体细胞

对从褐色巨藻-海带配子体获取的丝状体细胞,以海水为培养基,以空气中的CO     

Performance of Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

IntroductionAlong with the progress of membranemanufacturing technology,the application ofmembrane filtration,especially in conjunction withbiological systems has been widely investigated inwastewater treatment and reuse[1,2 ] . In thecombined process,the membrane is used as analternative to the sedimentation tank. The efficientseparation capability of a membrane enables highlyconcentrated biosolids to be retained within thebioreactor,so thatthe system can be operated withhigh organic loading …     

Raman Spectroscopy Based Techniques in Tissue Engineering—An Overview

Abstract: This article reviews the most recent applications of Raman spectroscopy (RS) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Raman spectroscopy can potentially alleviate the current lack of capabilities to capture important biological data beyond the standard metabolite and pH indicators in tissue bioreactors. Key process components in bioreactors that are important to evaluate cellular integrity and functionality of tissue-engineered constructs include cells, scaffolds, and proteins. A number of studies are discussed to highlight the capability of RS in noninvasive, nondestructive, and label-free in situ analysis. Protein detection is emphasized due to the urgent need for faster and cheaper techniques. The extensiveness of protein detection studies and the inadequacy of current technology formulate the basis for detailing relevant methods seeking to improve the detection limit, specificity, or multiplexing performance of RS. We argue that RS has great promise to solve the key problem in tissue bioprocessing, namely, inadequate monitoring capabilities that handicap TERM from rising to prevalence in clinical practice.     

Diatomite Precoated Nonwoven Membrane Bioreactor for Domestic Wastewater Reclamation

Nonwoven was selected as filtration materials in submerged membrane bioreactor( MBR) for domestic wastewater reclamation. For its hydrophobic membrane surface,diatomite was precoated on nonwoven to improve membrane hydrophilicity. In the precoating stage,diatomite dynamic membrane could be formed on10 μm polyethylene nonwoven surface efficiently and effluent turbidity could be below 5 nephelometric turbidity units( NTU).The MBR system was operated steadily under gravity flow and scanning electron microscope( SEM) analysis showed that nonwoven membrane was only partially fouled at the membrane flux of 5 L/( m2·h). Average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand( COD) and NH +4-N were above 86 % and 50 %,respectively. The effluent turbidity and chromaticity were below 5 NTU and 25°,respectively. Those results could meet the requirements for wastewater reuse.