Non-contacting laser based displacement measurements from solid objects

This note reports a laser Doppler interferometer for measuring the axial motion of solid targets which have had no prior preparation. Both magnitude and sense of motion are measured to a resolution at least 0.316 μm usinga passive optical system and simple signal processing, making the device relatively cheap to construct. Results indicate that the LDI is capable of good linearity over a substantial range of target amplitudes and has a reasonable degree of immunity from speckle effects.     

Reconstruction and interpretation of photon Doppler velocimetry spectrum for ejecta particles from shock-loaded sample in vacuum

The photon Doppler velocimetry(PDV) spectrum is investigated in an attempt to reveal the particle parameters of ejecta from shock-loaded samples in a vacuum. A GPU-accelerated Monte–Carlo algorithm, which considers the multiplescattering effects of light, is applied to reconstruct the light field of the ejecta and simulate the corresponding PDV spectrum.The influence of the velocity profile, total area mass, and particle size of the ejecta on the simulated spectra is discussed qualitatively. To facilitate a quantitative discussion, a novel theoretical optical model is proposed in which the singlescattering assumption is applied. With this model, the relationships between the particle parameters of ejecta and the peak information of the PDV spectrum are derived, enabling direct extraction of the particle parameters from the PDV spectrum.The values of the ejecta parameters estimated from the experimental spectrum are in good agreement with those measured by a piezoelectric probe.     

一种适合于低空无线信道的改进SC FDE技术

目前国内外对于低空无线信道的报道较少, 尚未建立统一的模型, 而由于多径时延和多普勒频移的影响, 传统的单载波频域均衡(SC FDE)技术在该信道下的传输性能较差. 本文在航空信道建模的基础上, 分析了不同场景下低空无线信道的传输特性, 建立了相应的信道模型. 为了在低空无线信道下获得良好的传输性能, 提出了一种基于Turbo编码和最优信号子空间(OSS)理论的改进SC FDE技术. 仿真结果表明, 该技术能很好地适应低空无线信道的特性, 可以在低信噪比(SNR)条件下获得较低的误码率(BER), 从而提升了通信系统在该信道下的传输性能.     

EBPSK调制脉冲雷达信号的探测性能

研究了EBPSK(extended binary phase shift keying)调制脉冲雷达信号的探测性能.首先分析了该雷达系统信号在几种情况下基于CFAR(constant false alarm rate)的目标检测概率,表明在未知目标距离情况下,EBPSK调制雷达信号的探测性能优于传统LFM雷达信号的探测性能,在短波信道中,EBPSK脉冲雷达信号不存在多普勒频扩.该信号的模糊函数是对称的,所以不存在距离-多普勒耦合效应.其次,EBPSK调制雷达系统的调制器灵活多变,可根据要求设置不同的调制参数以改变信号的测距精度与目标探测性能.最后,通过仿真实验验证了理论分析的合理性,在较大脉冲回波时延估计误差的前提下,EBPSK信号的脉冲压缩性能高于LFM的脉冲压缩性能,且获得相同的探测性能,当时延大于0.05μs时,EBSPK脉冲雷达信号所需SNR比LFM脉冲雷达信号要少;当时延为0.5μs时,EBSPK脉冲雷达信号所需SNR比LFM脉冲雷达信号少25 d B.     

激光多普勒测速技术在气液两相流中的应用

本文采用激光颗粒动态分析仪(PDA)测量了钢包底部喷吹气液两相流中气泡的直径和气泡上升速度的分布;采用激光多普勒测速仪(LDA)测量了气液两相区和液体单相循环区液体速度场的分布。测量结果表明:气泡在脱离喷嘴上浮一定距离后,其大小基本保持不变;在气液两相区中,气泡速度和液体速度的分布均服从高斯分布;液体在单相区作循环流动,在侧壁与底部交接处,存在液体流动的“死区”。     

关于超音速多普勒效应的思考

超音速多普勒效应由于其不便于测量,基本停留在纯理论分析阶段,导致人们产生了一些错误的观点.本文通过逻辑分析、计算机软件模拟等手段,对超音速多普勒效应的音频时序进行了分析研究,找出了错误观点产生的原因,作出了相应的解释,并对错误观点进行了修正,提供了解决方案.     

Simultaneous measurements of multiple flow velocity components using frequency modulated lasers and a single molecular absorption cell

Since unsteady, complex flow phenomena play an important role, optical measurements techniques are required for flow investigations, which provide simultaneous measurements of multiple velocity components. Doppler global velocimetry has this potential. It is a flow measurement technique, where the Doppler shift of scattered light is measured by a molecular absorption cell for frequency-to-intensity conversion. However, novel Doppler global velocimeters with laser frequency modulation were only used for single component measurements yet. In order to enhance such a system for the simultaneous measurement of multiple components, a concept based on frequency division multiplexing is introduced for the first time. Besides multiple lasers, only a single molecular absorption cell and a single detector unit is required. Two-component measurements of velocity profiles from nozzle flows are presented as a proof of principle. The designed measurement system provides high measurement rates of up to 20 kHz, which is three orders of magnitude higher than for typical Doppler global velocimetry setups.     

纳米Fe3 O4 颗粒的正电子湮没谱学研究

测量了磁性纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒的X射线衍射谱(XRD)、正电子湮没寿命谱(PALS)和符合多普勒展宽谱(CDBS),研究了不同压力和退火温度对磁性纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒物相、电子结构、缺陷及电子动量分布等的影响. XRD,PALS,CDBS测量结果表明:纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒的缺陷浓度随压力的增加而增大,但物相和缺陷类型并未发生变化;磁性纳米Fe₃O_{4< 关键词： 正电子 3}O₄')" href="#">Fe₃O₄ 寿命谱 多普勒展宽谱     

Nova reaction rates and experiments

Oxygen-neon novae form a subset of classical novae events known to freshly synthesize nuclei up to mass number A?40. Because several gamma-ray emitters lie in this mass range, these novae are also interesting candidates for gamma-ray astronomy. The properties of excited states within those nuclei in this mass region play a critical role in determining the resonant (p,γ) reaction rates, themselves, largely unknown for the unstable nuclei. We describe herein a new Doppler shift lifetime facility at the Maier-Leibnitz tandem laboratory, Technische Universität München, with which we will map out important resonant (p,γ) nova reaction rates.     

Influence of Clothing Fabrics on Skin Microcirculation

This study investigated the effects of clothing fabric on human skin microcirculation.Once skin is covered with a clothing fabric,human sensations,namely,coolness,warmth,softness,and roughness,are aroused immediately,and the cutaneous microcirculation may be changed consequently.Since the complex relationships of the human skin,the environment,and the clothing,there is few publication focusing on the physiological responses of the skin to the fabrics.In this paper,a Laser Doppler Flowmetry(LDF)was used to t...