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Lamyae El Gonnouni Tarek El Bardouni Mariam Zoubair Mohamed Idaomar Abderrahmane Senhoo 《原子核物理评论》2011,28(2):236-240
In this paper, we have addressed the problem of the radiation transport with the Monte Carlo N particle(MCNP) code. This is a general purpose Monte Carlo tool designed to transport neutron, photon and electron in three dimensional geometries. To examine the performance of MCNP5 code in the field of external radiotherapy, we performed the modeling of an Electron Density phantom (EDP) irradiated by photons from 60Co source. The model was used to calculate the Percent Depth Dose (PDD) at different depths in an EDP. One field size for PDD has been examined. A 60Co photons source placed at 80 cm source to surface distance (SSD). The results of calculations were compared to TPS data obtained at National Institute of Oncology of Rabat. 相似文献
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Bing Lin Qilong Min Yongxiang Hu 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2011,112(2):177-181
Increasing the knowledge in climate radiative feedbacks is critical for current climate studies. This work focuses on short-term relationships between global mean surface temperature and top-of-atmosphere (TOA) net radiation. The relationships may be used to characterize the climate feedback as suggested by some recent studies. As those recent studies, an energy balance model with ocean mixed layer and both radiative and non-radiative heat sources is used here. The significant improvement of current model is that climate system memories are considered.Based on model simulations, short-term relationship between global mean surface temperature and TOA net radiation (or the linear striation feature as suggested by previous studies) might represent climate feedbacks when the system had no memories. However, climate systems with the same short-term feedbacks but different memories would have a similar linear striation feature. This linear striation feature reflects only fast components of climate feedbacks and may not represent the total climate feedback even when the memory length of climate systems is minimal. The potential errors in the use of short-term relationships in estimations of climate sensitivity could be big. In short time scales, fast climate processes may overwhelm long-term climate feedbacks. Thus, the climate radiative feedback parameter obtained from short-term data may not provide a reliable estimate of climate sensitivity. This result also suggests that long-term observations of global surface temperature and TOA radiation are critical in the understanding of climate feedbacks and sensitivities. 相似文献
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针对交流激励下电阻-电容分路的约瑟夫森结,采用增量谐波平衡法推导了系统中周期解的解析表达式,并运用Floquet理论分析了周期解的稳定性.发现系统处于稳定周期状态的同时,还存在着丰富的不稳定周期解.通过计算Floquet乘数,得到了系统稳定周期解失稳时的临界参数值,并确定了系统发生的分岔类型,从理论上证明了系统随激励电流幅值的增加由倍周期分岔通向混沌.解析分析与数值计算结果具有很好的一致性.
关键词:
约瑟夫森结
增量谐波平衡法
周期解
分岔 相似文献
378.
Z.H. Zhang X.L. Zhong H. Liao F. Wang J.B. Wang Y.C. Zhou 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(17):7461-7465
In the present work, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the composition depth profiles of Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 (BNT) ferroelectric thin film, which was prepared on Pt(1 1 1)/Ti/SiO2/Si(1 0 0) substrates by chemical solution deposition (CSD). It is shown that there are three distinct regions formed in BNT film, which are surface layer, bulk film and interface layer. The surface of film is found to consist of one outermost Bi-rich region. High resolution spectra of the O 1s peak in the surface can be decomposed into two components of metallic oxide oxygen and surface adsorbed oxygen. The distribution of component elements is nearly uniform within the bulk film. In the bulk film, high resolution XPS spectra of O 1s, Bi 4f, Nd 3d, Ti 2p are in agreement with the element chemical states of the BNT system. The interfacial layer is formed through the interdiffusion between the BNT film and Pt electrode. In addition, the Ar+-ion sputtering changes lots of Bi3+ ions into Bi0 due to weak Bi-O bond and high etching energy. 相似文献
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