间歇式活性污泥法处理农药废水的研究

采用间歇式活性污泥法（ＳＢＲ法）对有机磷农药废水的处理进行了实验研究，结果表明：该法处理效果良好，对进水浓度的变化有较好的适应能力，出水水质稳定．同时，带有搅拌的ＳＢＲ法比省去搅拌的ＳＢＲ法好     

间歇过程热回收目标的研究

提出了一种用于间歇过程设计且改进的时间温度级联新方法，用于间歇过程的热集成及用能诊所，在分析了用于间歇过程热集成的一些主要方法特点的基础上，提出上用启发法确定中间热贮存的次数和吸收、释放时机，并用时间温度级联法确定间歇过程热集成目标的基本思想。研究表明，该方法所获得的热回收目标不仅符合工程实际情况，而且也便于操作。     

化合物的土壤柱色谱保留因子与其土壤／水吸附系数的关联

利用土壤柱液相色谱方法,对19种不同类型的农药和化学品在土壤柱上的保留进行了测定,并考察了流动相对保留的影响。对土壤柱液相色谱法测定的化合物的保留因子与批量平衡法测定的土壤/水吸附系数的相关性进行了研究,在条件一致的情况下,批量平衡法和土壤柱液相色谱法测定的数据间存在很好的相关性。研究表明,土壤柱液相色谱法可以用于土壤/水吸附系数的快速测定和筛选。     

物料配比对高压釜中萘的异丙基化反应的影响

阐述了萘的异丙基化反应的意义及研究概况,着重分析了物料配比对高压釜中萘的异丙基化反应的影响,得到在0．1L高压釜中的最佳物料配比为：0．0375mol萘／0.1mol异丙醇／10mL 氢化萘／1.5g丝光沸石。实验结果表明,采用高度脱铝丝光沸石为原料,按实验确定的物料配比在高压釜中进行反应,反应温度为250℃,反应时间为3．5h,得到萘的转化率为44．8％,产物的β,β－DIPN的选择性为95．4％,2,6－DIPN的选择性为73．0％,2,6－DIPN／2,7－DIPN的值达到3．25。     

考虑班次约束的Job Shop等量分批调度算法

为解决产品种类多、中小批量的多目标柔性作业车间调度问题,提出了一种基于等量分批方法的多目标柔性分批启发式调度算法。考虑了实际生产中的班次作息时间等约束,采用FIFS与EDD、SPT及OSPT策略相结合的多种分派规则,使得算法在优先调度空闲机床的情况下,根据不同的分派策略得出短批次优先、短订单优先、交货时间优先的三种调度结果,决策者可根据三种调度结果的性能选择最适合的调度方案。实例计算结果表明,该算法是高效、可行的。     

Creatinine determination in urine samples by batchwise kinetic procedure and flow injection analysis using the Jaffé reaction: chemometric study

The classical Jaffé reaction for the determination of creatinine in urine samples is tested. A comparative study of the main analytical characteristics focussed to minimize the bias error and improve the precision, for the batchwise and flow injection (FI) methods is realized. Also, the effect of the albumin concentration in the determination of creatinine has been studied. Different analytical signals were studied. Absorbance increments at different times permit to estimate the creatinine concentration free from bias error in urine by the batchwise method using the calibration graph obtained with creatinine standards and no measurement of the blank solution is needed. The lineal interval was 0.92–50 mg l⁻¹ and seven samples can be processed per hour by an operator. No previous treatment of the urine sample is necessary. The FI method provides also good results. The lineal interval was 30–100 mg l⁻¹ and the sample rate was around 20 samples per hour. If increased albumin levels are detected in the urine, standard addition method or the calibration graphs with standards in presence of albumin are needed in order to obtain accurate results when FI method is employed. The obtained accuracy of the both methods allows its application as diagnostic tool to establish the urinary creatinine levels.     

Metal Ions Uptake by Chelating Resin Derived from o-Substituted Benzoic Acid and its Synthesis,Characterization and Properties

Summary: Chelating resin [AFM] was synthesized by condensation of Anthranilic acid, Formaldehyde with m-Cresol. The chelating resin was characterized by FTIR Spectra, Elemental Analysis and SEM Photographs. The thermal behavior of the resin was characterized by TGA. The thermodynamic parameters such as Activation Energy (E_a), Order of decomposition (n), Entropy of decomposition (S*), Enthalpy (H*) and Free energy (G*) were calculated by Coats and Redfern method using TGA graph. The chelating behaviour of the prepared resin was studied out with using some metal ions [Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II)]. The sorption capacities of metal ions is found in the following order, Pb(II) < Zn(II) < Cd(II) < Cu(II) < Ni(II). The rate of half exchange was rapid t_1/2 < 20 min for lead ion. The separation of binary mixtures [Cu(II) and Zn(II) in brass and Pb(II) and Cd(II)] was successfully carried out using K_d value.     

停输对顺序输送管道混油影响的PHOENICS模拟

在紊流模型基础上, 建立了顺序输送混油新的模型,并利用PHOENICS软件对停输前后混油段浓度分布进行了数值模拟,给出了混油浓度变化图象和曲线。研究结果表明:在竖直管道顺序输送过程中密度差对层流边界层的影响会表现的比较明显且大于粘度差的影响。同时也验证了停输时,密度大的油品在管道下方所形成混油段长度无明显增大现象且小于油品以相反的方向输送时所形成的混油段长度。研究结果对于减少停输工况下的混油与停输再启动混油界面的跟踪与切割具有理论指导意义。     

辅助控制点下快鸟影像定位求解及其精度分析

结合上海地区城市快鸟(QuickBird)高分辨率卫星影像,简述高分辨率影像定位中的通用传感器模型,有理多项式系数模型(RPC).通过在影像上选取均匀分布的50个地面控制点,运用正则化最小二乘迭代法计算得出RPC.然后分2种情况对求解出的PRC改正,即当同时具有原始地面控制点(GCP)和辅助GCP时,应用正则化批处理最小二乘迭代法(BILSR)来改正RPC系数,而当只有辅助GCP时,则使用增量离散卡尔曼滤波方法(IDKF)来改正RPC精度.最后利用40个检测点,设计多种方案的实验并进行分析,以此为基础对BILSR和IDKF法的可行性进行了对比分析,认为辅助控制点的选择应侧重其本身更高的精度而不是单纯从数量上考虑,此外得出城市高分辨率卫星影像几何处理的一些结论.     

微生物间歇发酵比生长速率辨识及优化算法

根据微生物间歇发酵甘油生产1,3-丙二醇过程的特征及动态行为,建立了能够更好地描述微生物间歇发酵过程的含控制函数和参数的动力系统,证明了该系统的一些性质.以实验数据和计算值之间误差平方和最小为性能指标,建立了系统辨识模型.根据微生物生长特点,采用离散化方法将系统辨识模型转化为一个参数辨识问题.最后,构造了改进的粒子群算法求解.数值结果表明实验观测值和计算值之间的相对误差比已有研究结果降低了6%~16%,该系统能更好地模拟间歇发酵过程.