直写纳米金墨水制备纸基柔性金属图形

将A4打印纸洗净、烘干,用硅氧偶联剂改性,在改性后的纸上用中性笔书写纳米金墨水图形,然后将其放入化学镀溶液中化学镀铜,得到纸基柔性金属图形.X射线衍射分析图谱(XRD)证实了纸张有金属铜镀上.扫描电子显微镜照片(SEM)显示金属铜图形有清晰的界面.X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)显示改性后的纸的N和Si元素的含量都大幅上升,傅利叶变换红外测试(FTIR)图谱显示硅氧偶联剂改性后,纸的官能团还都存在,说明改性工艺对纸基材未构成破坏.用Scotch胶带方法测试金属和纸张粘附性,发现纸张与金属结合牢固无法分开.还探讨了书写次数与金属图形导电性的关系,发现手写必须达到一定次数才能成功镀上导电性较好的金属图形.     

电子商务环境下的会计报告

分析了电子商务时会计报告内容和时效性的影响,介绍了电子商务环境下的会计报告模式,阐述了事项法实时报告系统的会计处理流程以及实时报告系统的实现方式.     

对码本模型中码字结构的改进

针对码本结构, 提出一种简化算法. 该算法通过将码字元组中判断该码字是否冗余的元素--最大未使用时间改为由元组的其他变量直接计算而不存储在码字中, 去除了该变量所占用的空间, 将6元组替换为5元组. 实验结果表明, 该改进不会对运动目标检测增加额外计算, 准确性和实时性不受影响, 并可减少码本模型占用的内存.     

Coupled Navier–Stokes—Molecular dynamics simulations using a multi‐physics flow simulation framework

Simulation of nano‐scale channel flows using a coupled Navier–Stokes/Molecular Dynamics (MD) method is presented. The flow cases serve as examples of the application of a multi‐physics computational framework put forward in this work. The framework employs a set of (partially) overlapping sub‐domains in which different levels of physical modelling are used to describe the flow. This way, numerical simulations based on the Navier–Stokes equations can be extended to flows in which the continuum and/or Newtonian flow assumptions break down in regions of the domain, by locally increasing the level of detail in the model. Then, the use of multiple levels of physical modelling can reduce the overall computational cost for a given level of fidelity. The present work describes the structure of a parallel computational framework for such simulations, including details of a Navier–Stokes/MD coupling, the convergence behaviour of coupled simulations as well as the parallel implementation. For the cases considered here, micro‐scale MD problems are constructed to provide viscous stresses for the Navier–Stokes equations. The first problem is the planar Poiseuille flow, for which the viscous fluxes on each cell face in the finite‐volume discretization are evaluated using MD. The second example deals with fully developed three‐dimensional channel flow, with molecular level modelling of the shear stresses in a group of cells in the domain corners. An important aspect in using shear stresses evaluated with MD in Navier–Stokes simulations is the scatter in the data due to the sampling of a finite ensemble over a limited interval. In the coupled simulations, this prevents the convergence of the system in terms of the reduction of the norm of the residual vector of the finite‐volume discretization of the macro‐domain. Solutions to this problem are discussed in the present work, along with an analysis of the effect of number of realizations and sample duration. The averaging of the apparent viscosity for each cell face, i.e. the ratio of the shear stress predicted from MD and the imposed velocity gradient, over a number of macro‐scale time steps is shown to be a simple but effective method to reach a good level of convergence of the coupled system. Finally, the parallel efficiency of the developed method is demonstrated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于信任服务IBE体系的权限管理

针对现有的基于身份加密（identity based encryption, IBE）体系中缺乏权限管理问题, 提出一种基于信任服务IBE体系下的权限管理方案. 该方案采用门限的思想和算法对服务进行集中管理, 并结合基于角色的访问控制管理权限, 实现了细粒度的权限管理. 采用信任继承的思想为用户分配角色, 并采用集中审计的思想维护系统, 提高了系统的可靠性.     

超级绝热型防火材料的研究进展及其在城市地下空间的应用展望

超级绝热型防火材料,是一种具有纳米孔隙结构及超低导热系数的无机材料,可分为溶胶-凝胶法气凝胶复合材料和气相法氧化物纳米粉末基材料两种.其基础组成氧化物为SiO2和更高熔点的Al2 O3、ZrO2,且研究发现合适的复合组元比单组元在火灾温度下具有更好的耐热稳定性.红外遮光剂是显著降低材料高温导热系数的关键组分,通过比红外消光系数测定以及基于Mie散射理论等的数值计算为红外遮光剂的合理选择提供了依据.超级绝热型防火材料,具有高效防火的特点,只要很小的厚度就能达到较高的耐火等级.随着气凝胶材料从超临界干燥向常压干燥的发展,以及超级绝热型防火材料总体生产成本的降低,这种材料将在城市地下空间被动防火系统中发挥重要的作用.     

自适应模糊控制和PLC在中央空调控制系统中的应用

为克服中央空调控制系统舒适度调节能力差,能源浪费严重,可靠性低,通信实时性控制不高的不足,提出了一套基于自适应模糊控制方法,从系统的硬件构成、软件设计两个方面探讨了Simatic S7-300在中央空调控制系统中的应用.实际运行表明,该系统运行稳定、可靠、同时降低了能耗.     

Concurrent transmission with minimal SR-pair interference in WiMAX mesh networks

Performance of wireless mesh networks can be greatly improved by spatial reuse (SR), therefore, lots of algorithms have been proposed to maximize the number of concurrent transmissions. However, most methods only considered the interference brought by the sender nodes. In this paper, we study the interference model in WiMAX mesh networks and propose a minimal SR-pair interference model to perform concurrent transmissions in both uplink and downlink directions. Simulation results show that our model is more efficient and stable, i.e., it increases the number of concurrent transmissions and its performance is constant and independent of transmission directions. Biography: XIONG Qing(1978–), male, Ph. D., research direction: wireless mesh networks.     

毕加索《格尔尼卡》的中美鉴赏对比研究——从中西思维方式的角度

通过《格尔尼卡》的中美鉴赏对比和基于认知方式的鉴赏,提高外语学习者的跨文化交际意识;从对一件作品的多元看法使中西鉴赏方法得到互补,加深对作品的理解,提高审美和批判性思维能力。     

Complex adaptive systems and game theory: An unlikely union

A Complex Adaptive System is a collection of autonomous, heterogeneous agents, whose behavior is defined with a limited number of rules. A Game Theory is a mathematical construct that assumes a small number of rational players who have a limited number of actions or strategies available to them. The CAS method has the potential to alleviate some of the shortcomings of GT. On the other hand, CAS researchers are always looking for a realistic way to define interactions among agents. GT offers an attractive option for defining the rules of such interactions in a way that is both potentially consistent with observed real‐world behavior and subject to mathematical interpretation. This article reports on the results of an effort to build a CAS system that utilizes GT for determining the actions of individual agents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 16,24–42, 2010