大麦抗黄花叶病的遗传方式和育种策略

本文通过5个抗病品种、2个感病品种的相互杂交,对F_1、F_2、BC_1、BC_2及多年的数据分析表明大麦抗BYMV抗性的遗传方式较复杂,不呈单基因控制的孟德尔遗传方式,而符合多基因控制的数量遗传模式。根据分析结果,初步讨论了大麦抗BYMV的育种策略。     

大麦的棱数与芒形的遗传

利用大麦 C_(2618)×Fergus 杂交组合进行穗部两对相对性状(二棱与六棱、曲芒与直芒)的遗传研究.结果表明这两对性状均属单基因控制,二棱是显性,六棱是隐性;曲芒是显性,直芒是隐性.F_1表现二棱曲芒,F_2四种表型的分离比符合9∶3∶3∶1,属自由组合规律.     

大麦中蛋白质的快速测定法——碱浸紫外法

大麦中蛋白质的经典分析法为凯氏定氮法 ,但操作繁杂费时 ,本文采用碱 (Na OH)浸取可溶性蛋白质 ,经紫外 (2 80 nm )比色 ,并以凯氏法测得结果为依据建立蛋白质含量与吸收值间回归方程 ,使检测方法简便、快速、利于指导生产     

参麦速溶茶研制

以大麦、川明参、麦冬、苡仁、甘草等为原料 ,经提取、浓缩、配料、制粒和干燥 ,研制出参麦饮品 ,该速溶饮品具有特殊风味 ,富含对人体有益的活性多糖 ,并具有类SOD活性 ,适合中老年饮用。     

Effect of fatty acids on polyamine contents and Na+/H+ antiport activity in PM vesicles isolated from roots of barley under salt stress

With 200 mmol/L NaCl treatment on barley cultivar “Jian 4” (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. J4) seedlings for 6 d, the contents of covalently and noncovalently conjugated polyamines (PAs) and activities of H⁺-ATPase in plasma membrane (PM) vesicles isolated from the roots decreased remarkably. Moreover, the activity of Na⁺/H⁺ antiport was detected first in PM vesicles. The results showed that the decrease in the contents of membrane phospholipid, noncovalently conjugated PAs and activity of H⁺-ATPase caused by NaCl could be restored partially by application of 1 mmol/L stearie acid (C_16:0) and linoleic acid (C_18:2), and C_18:2 was more effective than C_16:0 In addition, a reduction in the contents of covalently conjugated PAs was only reversed partially in the presence of C_18:2 Furthermore, Na⁺/H⁺ antiport activity was strengthened by exogenous C_16:0 and C_18:2 and C_18:2 was more effective than C_16:0. The correlative analysis suggested that, after application of C_16:0 and C_18:2 under salt stress, there was a significant positive correlation existing among phospholipid content, noncovalently conjugated PA levels, H⁺-ATPase activities and Na⁺/H⁺ antiport activities, indicating that one of the mitigative mechanisms of exogenous fatty acids on salt injury was to improve membrane phospholipid and PA contents, leading to an enhance in membrane integrity and a change in charge status of PM vesicles, so the activity of membrane-associated enzyme H⁺-ATPase was increased and synthesis of Na⁺/H⁺ antiport protein was activated.     

栽培大麦染色体组型和Giemsa-C带核型的研究

对栽培大麦染色体组型和Giemsa-C带核型的研究表明：栽培大麦的染色体组型为2n=2x=14=12m(1SAT) 2sm(SAT),其Ggiemsa-C带表现出丰富的带纹，对实验材料的获得和Giemsa-C带的分带方法也做了研究。     

啤酒大麦染色体GiemsaC带核型比较分析

采用改良Ｃ带法对啤酒大麦７个品系染色体的Ｇｉｅｍｓａ Ｃ带核型进行了比较分析，结果表明，不同大麦品系间相同序号染色体的Ｇｉｅｍｓａ Ｃ带分布相似，带的数目和强弱存在明显差异，不同染色表现不同程度的Ｃ带带型多样性，第１，３，４染色体的带型具有较大的多样性，而各品系间第６染色体地带型相同。     

八个大麦品种的杂种优势与配合力的研究

选用八个大麦品种进行双列杂交,分析六个主要农艺性状的杂种优势和配合力.结果表明:除每穗结实粒数外,所有性状的平均中亲优势为8一” %.依次是:单株产量一千粒重一穗长一株高一单株分蒙数.所有性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差均达显著,表明存在加性和非加性遗传效应.同时也观察到亲本的平均生产力并不总是与它们的一般配合力效应相关     

7个大麦变种和品系染色体核型比较研究

对７个大麦变种和品系的染色体进行了研究，从其核型公式、染色体相对长度和核型的研究表明，７个大麦材料的区别取决于染色体各参数。     

烟草和元麦叶肉原生质体种内电融合

利用ＤＲ－１型多功能细胞电融合仪分别对烟草和元素（正常及黄化）的叶肉原生质体进行种内电融合研究。当正弦交变电场强度分别为４０－５０伏／厘米时，烟草，元麦的叶肉在生质全能在电极间排列成串；这时若施加电压分别为１２０－２００伏，１００－１４０伏和１００－１１０伏，脉宽为２５微秒的脉冲电场于烟草，正常和正常元素，正常和典化元素叶肉原生质体时，就会出现原生质体局部接触区发生质膜的可塑性击穿，形成融合体。