Effect of crystallinity on proton conductivity in yttrium-doped barium zirconate thin films

The effect of crystallinity on proton conductivity in amorphous, single crystal and polycrystal yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BYZ) thin films grown 120 nm in thickness on amorphous (quartz) and single crystal MgO(100) substrates has been studied. The conductivity was measured in the temperature range of 150 ~ 350 °C. By altering the film deposition temperature, varying degrees of crystallization and microstructure were observed by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The epitaxial BYZ film grown on MgO(100) substrate at 900 °C showed the highest proton conductivity among other samples with an activation energy of 0.45 eV, whereas polycrystalline and amorphous BYZ films showed lower conductivities due to grain boundaries in their granular microstructure.     

脉冲放电激励的钡蒸气激光的研究

设计和制作了新型结构的金属蒸气激光放电管.用钡为激光介质,通过纵向高频快脉冲放电激励,在国内首次实现波长为113μm和150μm的红外钡蒸气激光振荡,激光成分主要集中在150μm这条谱线上,激光输出功率和功率密度分别达12W和333mWcm3.测量并讨论了各工作参量和激光输出特性之间的关系     

固体高铁酸钡热分解动力学的研究

文中对固体高铁酸钡在不同温度下进行了稳定性研究。热分解是导致该物质稳定性较差的重要因素。该过程为一级反应 ,反应活化能力为 38.8kJ/mol,频率因子为 6.0 7× 1 0 - 5。     

Improvement in enzymolysis efficiency and changes in conformational attributes of corn gluten meal by dual-frequency slit ultrasonication action

The influences of dual-frequency slit ultrasound (DFSU) pretreatment with various working parameters on the enzymolysis efficiency and conformational characteristics of corn gluten meal (CGM) were studied. Results indicated that under the conditions of ultrasonic power density of 80 W/L, time of 30 min, ultrasonic intermittent ratio of 5:2 s/s, temperature of 30 °C, and substrate concentration of 50 g/L, the relative enzymolysis efficiency (REE) of CGM reached a maximum of 21.05%, and the protein dissolution rate was 68.50%. In addition, ultrasonication had considerable impact on the conformation of CGM and consequently improved the susceptibility to alcalase proteolysis. Changes in free sulfhydryl (SH_F) and disulfide bonds (SS) groups indicated spatial conformation of CGM was altered following sonication (sonochemical) treatment. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FITR) analysis showed a reduction in α-helix and β-turn content; and an increase in β-sheet and random coil content of CGM. Alterations in the particle size, particle size distribution, microstructure and surface roughness (R_a, R_q) indicated generation of smaller and more uniform protein fragments of CGM by sonochemical pretreatment. The proposed mechanism of sonicated CGM was elaborated. Our findings suggest that using DFSU in pretreating CGM may be an efficacious approach to enhance proteolysis.     

超重力反应沉淀法(HGRP)制备纳米BaTiO3的研究

以四氯化钛和氯化钡为钛源和钡源，以NaOH溶液为沉淀剂，首次在实验室采用直接沉淀法与超重力反应器相结合的超重力反应沉淀法 (HGRP)制备了纳米BaTiO₃粉体。产品经TEM、BET、XRD、AES-ICP及化学分析证明该法制备的钛酸钡粒度为30～70nm，晶型为立方相。粉体Ba/Ti摩尔比为 ( 1. 000± 0.005)，且纯度较高。     

四氯化硅催化氢化合成三氯氢硅机理研究

针对四氯化硅催化氢化过程采用第一性原理机理对其进行模拟研究,结果表明:没有催化剂时,SiCl4与H2反应能垒为464.45 kJ/mol,反应能量为74.94 kJ/mol,与热力学计算结果 71.85 kJ/mol一致.负载在HZSM-5分子筛上的氯化钡可催化四氯化硅氢化反应,其最具催化活性表面为(111)面;H2在BaCl2(111)面上表现排斥性;SiCl4表现为吸附性,可在BaCl2(111)表面稳定吸附并生成.SiCl3自由基,过程吸附能为448.33 kJ/mol;在催化剂BaCl2存在条件下,SiCl4与H2反应为自由基反应,反应步骤能垒为400.23 kJ/mol;氢化过程能垒降为184.97kJ/mol;催化氢化反应过程所需能量为64.20 kJ/mol.催化氢化过程反应条件相对无催化剂过程更为温和.     

掺杂抑制氟化钡晶体慢闪烁成分研究进展

高能物理强度前沿装置、飞行时间技术正电子发射断层扫描、超高频辐射成像和正电子湮灭寿命谱分析等应用对闪烁体的时间响应提出了更高的要求,发展超快衰减闪烁体已成为研究热点之一。氟化钡晶体是一种具有亚纳秒级快闪烁成分的独特无机闪烁体,但其衰减时间约0.6 μs的慢闪烁发光成分会在高计数率应用时引起严重的信号堆积。作为一种抑制慢闪烁成分的有效途径,氟化钡晶体慢闪烁成分抑制的掺杂研究在过去三十年受到持续关注。本文回顾了掺杂抑制氟化钡晶体慢闪烁成分的研究历史,提出了掺杂元素选择的基本原则,重点介绍稀土金属(La、Y、Lu和Sc)、碱土金属(Mg、Sr)、过渡金属(Cd)和碱金属(K)等掺杂的慢闪烁成分抑制特性、内在机理和应用研究情况,并展望了所面临的挑战与机遇。     

微波技术及其在Ba（OH）2.8H2O脱水中的应用研究

从化学反应机理和微波作用原理的角度出发，研究了微波技术对Ｂａ（ＯＨ）＿２．８Ｈ＿２Ｏ脱水反应的效果。结果证明：由于微波加热降低了化学反应的活化能，因而加速脱水的进程。其反应速率有极大的提高。这一结果为工业上采用微波反应器提供了依据。     

活性炭载体的微波处理对氨合成催化剂Ru/C催化性能的影响

 将一种商用活性炭在氮气保护下进行微波处理，采用元素分析、XRD、N2物理吸附和CO化学吸附等表征手段，考察了微波处理对活性炭载体的化学组成、物相、表面织构和催化剂钌分散度的影响．以微波处理的活性炭为载体，以钡或钡铯为助剂，制备了一系列钌催化剂，在SV＝10000h－1，p＝10．0MPa和θ＝430℃的条件下进行了氨合成活性评价．结果表明，活性炭经微波处理后能有效地脱除非碳成分，提高炭载体的稳定性，制备的负载型钌催化剂不仅具有较高的钌分散度，而且在一定温度范围内能够防止金属粒子烧结，从而使催化剂的活性和稳定性明显提高．例如，以未经处理的活性炭为载体制备的4％Ru－Ba－Cs／C催化剂，其出口氨浓度为9．23％，经1．0MPa，520℃耐热36h后，其出口氨溶解度下降至7．39％；而以经微波处理的活性炭（CW5）为载体制备的4％Ru－Ba－Cs／CW5催化剂，出口氨浓度为16．78％，经相同条件耐热后，其催化活性基本不变．