广义凸函数的特征性质

提出广义凸集、广义凸函数、中间点广义凸函数、端点广义凸函数四个定义,通过定义条件P1,研究条件P1所蕴含的等式关系,进而得到一个基础性定理一稠密性定理和一个相对条件较弱的推论,最后将结果应用于若干不同类型的广义凸函数类,尤其是s-凸函数、几何凸函数、rp-凸函数,得到它们所共有的一个特征性质,即满足稠密性定理．     

Can climate sensitivity be estimated from short-term relationships of top-of-atmosphere net radiation and surface temperature?

Increasing the knowledge in climate radiative feedbacks is critical for current climate studies. This work focuses on short-term relationships between global mean surface temperature and top-of-atmosphere (TOA) net radiation. The relationships may be used to characterize the climate feedback as suggested by some recent studies. As those recent studies, an energy balance model with ocean mixed layer and both radiative and non-radiative heat sources is used here. The significant improvement of current model is that climate system memories are considered.Based on model simulations, short-term relationship between global mean surface temperature and TOA net radiation (or the linear striation feature as suggested by previous studies) might represent climate feedbacks when the system had no memories. However, climate systems with the same short-term feedbacks but different memories would have a similar linear striation feature. This linear striation feature reflects only fast components of climate feedbacks and may not represent the total climate feedback even when the memory length of climate systems is minimal. The potential errors in the use of short-term relationships in estimations of climate sensitivity could be big. In short time scales, fast climate processes may overwhelm long-term climate feedbacks. Thus, the climate radiative feedback parameter obtained from short-term data may not provide a reliable estimate of climate sensitivity. This result also suggests that long-term observations of global surface temperature and TOA radiation are critical in the understanding of climate feedbacks and sensitivities.     

一维受迫谐振子量子运动的经典特性

对经典一维受迫谐振子量子化,求解量子化后体系的时间演化算符.应用相空间准概率分布函数,研究了体系的量子特性.研究结果表明,初始为真空态,经过时间演化,系统波函数是一个二维高斯波包;波包中心的振幅和相位受到作用力的调制,成为调幅、调相波,波包中心的运动与经典受迫谐振子的运动形式相同.     

约瑟夫森结中周期解及其稳定性的解析分析

针对交流激励下电阻-电容分路的约瑟夫森结,采用增量谐波平衡法推导了系统中周期解的解析表达式,并运用Floquet理论分析了周期解的稳定性.发现系统处于稳定周期状态的同时,还存在着丰富的不稳定周期解.通过计算Floquet乘数,得到了系统稳定周期解失稳时的临界参数值,并确定了系统发生的分岔类型,从理论上证明了系统随激励电流幅值的增加由倍周期分岔通向混沌.解析分析与数值计算结果具有很好的一致性. 关键词： 约瑟夫森结 增量谐波平衡法 周期解 分岔     

水平层状介质中电磁场并矢Green函数的一种快速新算法

本文利用提取直射波并结合自适应数字滤波等技术提出一种计算水平层状介质中电磁场并矢Green函数的快速算法. 首先将谱域Green函数中表征均匀介质作用的直射波提取出来并对其积分进行解析计算,这种处理降低了谱域Green函数的奇异性,可在很大程度上缩短其积分收敛区间. 然后在将谱域Green函数剩余部分对应积分转化为三个快速下降积分的基础上,引入一种自适应数字滤波算法对其进行快速求解. 最后通过具体算例验证了本文所述算法的有效性. 关键词： 并矢Green函数 快速算法 水平层状介质     

密度锁反向启动特性实验研究

实验研究了密度锁反向启动特性,结果表明：启动流量是影响密度锁反向启动过程的关键因素,启动流量偏离平衡流量较小时,余热排出回路反向流量较小,依靠系统本身具有的自稳定性,将很快建立密度锁内水力平衡关系;而启动流量偏离平衡流量较大时,由于余热排出回路流量较大,较多冷却水进入主回路,导致加热水箱入口温度降低,入口温度的降低对密...     

Disk level S-matrix elements at eikonal Regge limit

We examine the calculation of the color-ordered disk level S-matrix element of massless scalar vertex operators for the special case that some of the Mandelstam variables for which there are no open string channel in the amplitude, are set to zero. By explicit calculation we show that the string form factors in the 2n-point functions reduce to one at the eikonal Regge limit.     

The relationship between BOLD signal and autonomic nervous system functions: implications for processing of "physiological noise"

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research has revealed not only important aspects of the neural basis of cognitive and perceptual functions, but also important information on the relation between high-level brain functions and physiology. One of the central outstanding questions, given the features of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, is whether and how autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions are related to changes in brain states as measured in the human brain. A straightforward way to address this question has been to acquire external measurements of ANS activity such as cardiac and respiratory data, and examine their relation to the BOLD signal. In this article, we describe two conceptual approaches to the treatment of ANS measures in the context of BOLD fMRI analysis. On the one hand, several research lines have treated ANS activity measures as noise, considering them as nothing but a confounding factor that reduces the power of fMRI analysis or its validity. Work in this line has developed powerful methods to remove ANS effects from the BOLD signal. On the other hand, a different line of work has made important progress in showing that ANS functions such as cardiac pulsation, heart rate variability and breathing rate could be considered as a theoretically meaningful component of the signal that is useful for understanding brain function. Work within this latter framework suggests that caution should be exercised when employing procedures to remove correlations between BOLD data and physiological measures. We discuss these two positions and the reasoning underlying them. Thereafter, we draw on the reviewed literature in presenting practical guidelines for treatment of ANS data, which are based on the premise that ANS data should be considered as theoretically meaningful information. This holds particularly when studying cortical systems involved in regulation, monitoring and/or generation of ANS activity, such as those involved in decision making, conflict resolution and the experience of emotion.