碳化细菌纤维素在钙钛矿太阳能电池对电极中的研究

在高效的钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)中,通常采用贵金属对电极(Au、Ag)和昂贵的空穴传输材料(HTM),导致了高成本和不稳定等问题.该研究使用稳定的无HTM的CsPbBr3纯无机钙钛矿的PSCs,将结构优异的天然纳米生物材料细菌纤维素(BC)经过高温碳化得到具有纳米精细结构、大表面积和孔容的多介孔碳化细菌纤维素(CBC)材料,对该材料进行SEM、XRD、FT-IR、比表面积、电导率测试以证实该材料在PSCs上的应用潜质.根据PSCs对电极的应用需要,将CBC及其与商业导电碳浆(CS)混合物作为PSCs对电极材料,通过J-V、IPCE等测试,发现纯CBC材料的电池效率高于纯CS,在作为PSCs对电极方面具有很大的潜力.该研究不仅扩大了生物质碳材料的应用领域,而且有望将CBC作为低成本稳定高效PSCs对电极材料.     

Synthesis,characterization, and biological investigation of new mixed-ligand complexes

A novel series of mixed-ligand complexes of 5,5′-{(1E,1E′)-1,4-phenelynebis(diazene-2,1-diyl)}bis(quinolin-8-ol) (H₂L₁) as a primary ligand and 4-aminoantipyrine(L₂) as a secondary ligand with Mn(II) ion were prepared using two general formulae: [Mn₂(H₂L₁)₂(L₂)₂X₄].4Cl (X = OH₂( 1 ), ONO₂⁻( 2 ), Cl=nil; OAc( 3 ), Cl = nil) and [Mn₂(H₂L₁)(L₂)₂(O₂SO₂)₂]( 4 ). Free ligands and their complexes were characterized. Electronic absorption spectra of the mixed-ligand complexes indicate a distorted octahedral geometry around the central metal ion, and the anions X⁻ are in the axial positions for all compounds. The ligands behave in a neutral bidentate manner, through nitrogen atoms and oxygen atoms of the carbonyl group (L₂), whereas H₂L₁ coordinated through nitrogen and OH groups as a neutral bidentate ligand. All complexes do not contain coordinated water molecules, but complex ( 1 ) contains four water molecules. The water molecules are removed in a single step. The complexes exhibited magnetic susceptibility corresponding to five unpaired electrons. The antimicrobial activity of the Mn(II) mixed-ligand complexes ( 1–4 ) against two gram-positive bacteria, three local gram-negative bacteria, and three fungi species was tested. Mn(II) mixed-ligand complex ( 2 ) exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas sp. Mixed-ligand complex ( 2 ) exhibited a high potential cytotoxicity against the growth of human lung cancer cells.     

Galactose-Grafted 2D Nanosheets from the Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimers for the Capture and Agglutination of Escherichia coli

High aspect ratio, sugar-decorated 2D nanosheets are ideal candidates for the capture and agglutination of bacteria. Herein, the design and synthesis of two carbohydrate-based Janus amphiphiles that spontaneously self-assemble into high aspect ratio 2D sheets are reported. The unique structural features of the sheets include the extremely high aspect ratio and dense display of galactose on the surface. These structural characteristics allow the sheet to act as a supramolecular 2D platform for the capture and agglutination of E. coli through specific multivalent noncovalent interactions, which significantly reduces the mobility of the bacteria and leads to the inhibition of their proliferation. Our results suggest that the design strategy demonstrated here can be applied as a general approach for the crafting of biomolecule-decorated 2D nanosheets, which can perform as 2D platforms for their interaction with specific targets.     

An Activatable Lanthanide Luminescent Probe for Time‐Gated Detection of Nitroreductase in Live Bacteria

Herein we report the development of a turn‐on lanthanide luminescent probe for time‐gated detection of nitroreductases (NTRs) in live bacteria. The probe is activated through NTR‐induced formation of the sensitizing carbostyril antenna and resulting energy transfer to the lanthanide center. This novel NTR‐responsive trigger is virtually non‐fluorescent in its inactivated form and features a large signal increase upon activation. We show that the probe is capable of selectively sensing NTR in lysates as well as in live bacteria of the ESKAPE family which are clinically highly relevant multiresistant pathogens responsible for the majority of hospital infections. The results suggest that our probe could be used to develop diagnostic tools for bacterial infections.     

Revisiting the Origin of Bacterial Bioluminescence: QM/MM Study on Oxygenation Reaction of Reduced Flavin in Protein

Bacterial bioluminescence is initiated by the oxygenation reaction of reduced flavin mononucleotide in luciferase. This enzymatic oxygenation occurs in a wide range of biological processes including cellular redox metabolism, biocatalysis, biosynthesis and homeostasis. However, little is known about the mechanism of the enzymatic reaction between singlet reduced flavin and triplet oxygen. To explore the enigmatic oxygenation, for the first time, the reaction of reduced flavin anion with oxygen was studied in bacterial luciferase by a combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics method as well as molecular dynamics simulation. The calculated results demonstrate that the reaction proceeds via a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) pathway, and the essential αHis44 acts as a catalytic acid to provide the proton. The currently proposed PCET mechanism clearly describes the initial steps of bacterial bioluminescence, and could be suitable for the other flavin oxygenation reactions in enzymes.     

Chemical diversity and anti-acne inducing bacterial potentials of essential oils from selected Elsholtzia species

Essential oils from the aerial parts of four Elsholtzia species; Elsholtzia stachyodes, Elsholtzia communis, Elsholtzia griffithii and Elsholtzia beddomei were obtained by steam distillation and their chemical components were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Principle Component Analysis was used to identify the chemical variations in the essential oils from these plants, which could be categorised into two groups according to their main chemical components which are acylfuran derivatives and oxygenated monoterpenes. Additionally, the anti-acne inducing bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were evaluated. The oil from E. stachyodes was the most efficacious against the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis having MIC values of 0.78 and 1.56 μL/mL, respectively, and exhibited five times more effective than erythromycin (standard antibiotic).     

细胞动力学研究Ⅴ.细胞连续增长热动力学

用微量热法测定了布鲁氏菌Ｍ５（５５０１０）和８３－９８１在２７℃和４０℃时的生长发热功率曲线．由这些生长发热功率曲线，建立了细胞有限条件下连续增长热动力学方程：ｌｎ（Ｐｍ／Ｐｔ－１）＝ｌｎ（Ｐｍ／Ｐ０－１）－ｋｔ从而求出了细菌的生长常数ｋ．这个方程非常适合“Ｓ”型的生长发热功率曲线     

Determination of power-time curves of bacterial growth

Bacterial growth power-time curves were determined with a 2277 Thermal Activity Monitor. Bacterial multiplication curves were measured at different temperatures and an experimental model was established. Both growth rate constants and lowest growth temperatures were calculated.Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province.     

细菌和酵母混合培养对细菌蛋白酶活性的影响

本文研究了枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)分别与3种酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae,Pichia farinosa,Candida lipolitica)混合培养时对细菌蛋白酶活性的影响。结果表明,在接入的菌种中,当B.subtilis和酵母的细胞数量比为100:1时,啤酒酵母的存在使细菌蛋白酶活性提高1倍;粉状毕赤氏酵母的存在对细菌蛋白酶活性的提高有较小的作用(约25%);而解脂假丝酵母则无影响。当B.sub-tilis和酵母细胞的数量比为10:1时,3种酵母对细菌蛋白酶的活性均有强烈抑制作用。