细菌叶绿素过渡金属配合物的合成和光谱研究

对过渡金属Cu，Zn，Fe，Co，Ni细菌叶绿素卟啉配合物的合成进行了研究，采用金属盐与脱镁细菌叶绿素在有机溶剂中反应制得五种金属卟啉配合物，研究这些配合物的紫外可见光谱和荧光光谱，并将它们的光谱性质与脱镁细菌叶绿素的光谱性质、植物脱镁叶绿素的光谱性质进行比较，发现这五种金属卟啉的光谱图与脱镁细菌叶绿素的光谱图相似，并有预见的漂移，这证明过渡金属已配位到卟啉的大环上．同时，脱镁细菌叶绿素的光谱图与植物脱镁叶绿素的光谱图有较大差异．     

厌气混合培养中产甲烷菌和硫酸盐还原菌的动力学竞争Ⅰ.动力学推定的模型及实验方法

产甲烷菌(MPB)和硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的竞争是一个有关厌气处理过程生死存亡的重大问题。研究的目的是提供一个明确实际厌气过程中MPB和SRB竞争机理的动力学研究方法。首先，以Monod模型为基准建立了一整套动力学模型用于微生物菌体浓度和诸动力学常数推定。其次，进行包括乙酸和氢气利用MPB和SRB的两系列连续培养及批量实验，为下一步的动力学常数推定及讨论实际厌气过程中MPB和SRB的动力学竞争机理打好基础。     

A study of bacterial linear growth using a microcalorimetric method

By using an LKB-2277 bioactivity monitor, we have determined the thermogenesis curves of four kinds of anaerobes linear growth. From the thermogenesis curves, we established the growth thermokinetic equation: dP/dt=k _m·P ⁿ , the order of growth metabolismn=0, and calculated the mean specific rate constant of multiplication {ie95-1}. It is a new kind of bacterial growth, it was compared with exponential growth. Liu Yi: born Nov. 1970. Ph. D. Curent research interest is in biothermochemistry research Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

抗番茄青枯病内生拮抗细菌的筛选及室内防效测定

从健康番茄体内分离到了93株内生细菌。采用含菌平板抑菌圈测定法，筛选出了3株对番茄青枯菌具有较强拮抗力的细菌菌株ZB—1、ZB-2和ZB-6。温室盆栽防病试验结果表明，内生细菌菌株ZB-6对植株进行预处理后，番茄青枯病防病效果可达63—65％，说明该菌株对番茄青枯病发生具有较好预防效果。     

Seasonal variation of snow microbial community structure in the East Rongbuk glacier, Mt. Everest

Mt. Everest, the zenith of the world, plays an impor- tant role in the global climate change. During the lastdecade, some studies on glacier and snow have been undertaken in this region. The climate and environment changes in the past hundred years have b…     

厌气混合培养中产甲烷菌和硫酸盐还原菌的动力学竞争Ⅱ.动力学推定的结果及讨论

根据前文建立的动力学模型及批量实验结果,进行了包括乙酸及氢气利用在内的MPB和SRB的动力学常数的推定.结果显示,以Methanothrix及Methanobacter为种属的乙酸和氢气利用MPB;以Desulfobacter postageix和Desulfovibrior为种属的乙酸和氢气利用SRB分别存在于葡萄糖消化过程中.在反映现实情况的低浓度硫酸根离子条件下,热力学及动力学均占优势的乙酸利用SRB相反完全竞争不过乙酸利用MPB.这是由于对硫酸根离子乙酸利用SRB竞争不过氢气利用SRB的缘故,因为后者(Ks=10.7～13.3mg/L)具有比前者(K=19.5～21.4mg/L)更高的硫酸根离子亲合性.这一结果进一步显示有必要重新评价长久以来一直承担负面角色的SRB的作用.因为如果从有利于厌气过程中甲烷主要产生者-乙酸利用MPB的生长这一角度来看,适量生长的氢气利用SRB能够完全抑止作为对手的乙酸利用SRB的生长以至发挥重大的正面作用.另外,该研究提供的动力学推定方法能简便、快速、准确的推定出微生物菌体浓度和诸动力学常数,对于生物处理的近乎所有过程都具有参考价值.     

Surface characterization of TEMPO‐oxidized bacterial cellulose

In this study, we focused on the surface character of bacterial cellulose (BC) before and after oxidation mediated by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO).Solid‐state ¹³C NMR, XPS, SEM, contact angle and surface free energy analyses were performed to investigate the effects of various parameters (reaction time and oxidant and catalyst concentrations) on the surface composition, morphology and polarity of the BC. The results provided by the combined use of these techniques showed that hydrogen bonds were disrupted on the BC surface after carboxylation occurred; therefore, the surface of oxidized BC was rougher than that of the original BC, and the surface free energy, especially the polar components, increased after oxidation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Galactose-Grafted 2D Nanosheets from the Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimers for the Capture and Agglutination of Escherichia coli

High aspect ratio, sugar-decorated 2D nanosheets are ideal candidates for the capture and agglutination of bacteria. Herein, the design and synthesis of two carbohydrate-based Janus amphiphiles that spontaneously self-assemble into high aspect ratio 2D sheets are reported. The unique structural features of the sheets include the extremely high aspect ratio and dense display of galactose on the surface. These structural characteristics allow the sheet to act as a supramolecular 2D platform for the capture and agglutination of E. coli through specific multivalent noncovalent interactions, which significantly reduces the mobility of the bacteria and leads to the inhibition of their proliferation. Our results suggest that the design strategy demonstrated here can be applied as a general approach for the crafting of biomolecule-decorated 2D nanosheets, which can perform as 2D platforms for their interaction with specific targets.     

碳化细菌纤维素在钙钛矿太阳能电池对电极中的研究

在高效的钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)中，通常采用贵金属对电极(Au、Ag)和昂贵的空穴传输材料(HTM)，导致了高成本和不稳定等问题.该研究使用稳定的无HTM的CsPbBr3纯无机钙钛矿的PSCs，将结构优异的天然纳米生物材料细菌纤维素(BC)经过高温碳化得到具有纳米精细结构、大表面积和孔容的多介孔碳化细菌纤维素(CBC)材料，对该材料进行SEM、XRD、FT-IR、比表面积、电导率测试以证实该材料在PSCs上的应用潜质.根据PSCs对电极的应用需要，将CBC及其与商业导电碳浆(CS)混合物作为PSCs对电极材料，通过J-V、IPCE等测试，发现纯CBC材料的电池效率高于纯CS，在作为PSCs对电极方面具有很大的潜力.该研究不仅扩大了生物质碳材料的应用领域，而且有望将CBC作为低成本稳定高效PSCs对电极材料.     

Synthesis,characterization, and biological investigation of new mixed-ligand complexes

A novel series of mixed-ligand complexes of 5,5′-{(1E,1E′)-1,4-phenelynebis(diazene-2,1-diyl)}bis(quinolin-8-ol) (H₂L₁) as a primary ligand and 4-aminoantipyrine(L₂) as a secondary ligand with Mn(II) ion were prepared using two general formulae: [Mn₂(H₂L₁)₂(L₂)₂X₄].4Cl (X = OH₂( 1 ), ONO₂⁻( 2 ), Cl=nil; OAc( 3 ), Cl = nil) and [Mn₂(H₂L₁)(L₂)₂(O₂SO₂)₂]( 4 ). Free ligands and their complexes were characterized. Electronic absorption spectra of the mixed-ligand complexes indicate a distorted octahedral geometry around the central metal ion, and the anions X⁻ are in the axial positions for all compounds. The ligands behave in a neutral bidentate manner, through nitrogen atoms and oxygen atoms of the carbonyl group (L₂), whereas H₂L₁ coordinated through nitrogen and OH groups as a neutral bidentate ligand. All complexes do not contain coordinated water molecules, but complex ( 1 ) contains four water molecules. The water molecules are removed in a single step. The complexes exhibited magnetic susceptibility corresponding to five unpaired electrons. The antimicrobial activity of the Mn(II) mixed-ligand complexes ( 1–4 ) against two gram-positive bacteria, three local gram-negative bacteria, and three fungi species was tested. Mn(II) mixed-ligand complex ( 2 ) exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas sp. Mixed-ligand complex ( 2 ) exhibited a high potential cytotoxicity against the growth of human lung cancer cells.