基于堆叠自编码器神经网络的复合电磁检测铁磁性双层套管腐蚀缺陷分类识别方法

铁磁性双层套管长期服役于恶劣的工作环境,极易出现腐蚀缺陷,定期为服役中的双层套管进行在线检测十分必要,而对管壁腐蚀缺陷位置的分类识别是管道定量检测与维修的前提和基础,实时准确的套管腐蚀缺陷分类识别能力是决定管道在线检测效率的重要因素。针对这一情况,将脉冲远场涡流和脉冲涡流技术相结合,提出了基于堆叠自编码器神经网络的分类方法。通过仿真和实验选取合适特征量作为输入层,实现了内管外壁腐蚀、外管内壁腐蚀和外管外壁腐蚀的分类,实验整体预判精度可达97.5%,结果表明该方法可对双层套管腐蚀缺陷缺陷实施高效、高精度分类识别。     

国外典型河流生态流量管理实践及启示

 生态流量是河流开发与生态环境保护协调发展的关键指标和难点问题。目前,河流生态流量理论方法体系尚不完善,不足以全面指导生态流量管理实践,导致部分河流、河段的生态系统服务功能退化。虽然生态流量的理论体系和计算方法已开展了较多研究,中国学者对国外生态调度也做了回顾和梳理,但是对生态流量的管理目标仍未形成统一认识。通过梳理国外7条典型河流的生态流量管理实践,从珍稀濒危洄游性鱼类、国际重要湿地、珍稀濒危鸟类等多种生态保护目标,以及流域综合管理机制、水权交易、国际投资等政策管理的多个方面,分析了不同河流的生态流量实施过程和效果,归纳总结了7条典型河流生态流量管理实践的成功经验和不足,进而提出了对政府、管理部门、研究机构、水电企业和非政府组织等多个利益相关方在生态流量研究与管理方面的启示。     

Multiple Regulation Effects of Ammonium Acetate on ZnO Growth Process in Chemical Bath Deposition

Chemical bath deposition method has been used to synthesize a variety of ZnO morphology structures. However, the specificity and interaction of acetate and ammonium ions with ZnO crystal during the growth process remain elusive. This study contributes to understand the roles of ammonium acetate on the growth mechanism of ZnO in Zn(NO₃)₂-HMTA system. The growth process indicates that the nucleation experienced Zn²⁺-layered basic zinc salts (LBZs)-ZnO process, while the self-assembled unit changed from urchin-shaped, rod-shaped to a fully coupled twin-shaped structure with increasing ammonium acetate concentration. Ammonium acetate dominates the growth process by combing the ligand-ligand interaction of acetate ions binding to the same Zn-rich (0001) polar surface and ammonium ions regulating hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) hydrolysis. Relatively regular hexagonal wurtzite structure and a dissolve-renucleation-regrowth process which retains the twin-shaped template and renucleates at the same position are observed at ∼10 mM ammonium acetate. Photoelectrochemistry (PEC) measurements show that the uniform hexagonal ZnO rods (Y-10, the sample named as Y-x (x represents x mM ammonium acetate, herein, x is 10 mM)) have a maximum photocurrent density of 1.54 mA cm⁻² at 1.23 V (vs. RHE), much higher than that of the dumbbell-shaped ZnO rods (Y-50, 0.20 mA cm⁻²) at the same voltage. These results provide a further explanation of morphology regulation mechanisms on ZnO synthesis processes and pave the road for more practical applications.     

Dynamic analysis and regulation of the flexible pipe conveying fluid with a hard-magnetic soft segment

Applied Mathematics and Mechanics - The recently developed hard-magnetic soft (HMS) materials can play a significant role in the actuation and control of medical devices, soft robots, flexible...     

Recent advances of organometallic complexes in emerging photovoltaics

Organometallic complexes (OMCs) consisting of organic and metal active moieties have shown immense potential for application in solar cells. The diverse structure, rich porosity, and unique charge centers of OMCs enable them to be functional in solar cells. In this review, we introduced four types of OMCs, such as crown organometallic complexes, β-diketone metal complexes, cyclometallic complexes, and main chain metal-containing polymers, providing an in-depth analysis of the structure-performance relationship. OMCs could serve as active or interlayer materials in a variety of solar cell systems such as organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells, especially some metals to improve the photoelectric performance of the device as dopants. In the end, perspectives on the opportunities and challenges of OMCs are given.     

Regulating Oxygen Configuration in Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High-Rate and Durable Na+ Storage

Surface oxygen functionalities (particularly C−O configuration) in carbon materials have negative influence on their electrical conductivity and Na⁺ storage performance. Herein, we propose a concept from surface chemistry to regulate the oxygen configuration in hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets (HPCNS). It is demonstrated that the C−O/C=O ratio in HPCNS reduces from 1.49 to 0.43 and its graphitization degree increases by increasing the carbonization temperature under a reduction atmosphere. Remarkably, such high graphitization degree and low C−O content of the HPCNS-800 are favorable for promoting its electron/ion transfer kinetics, thus endowing it with high-rate (323.6 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹ and 138.5 mAh g⁻¹ at 20.0 A g⁻¹) and durable (96 % capacity retention over 5700 cycles at 10.0 A g⁻¹) Na⁺ storage performance. This work permits the optimization of heteroatom configurations in carbon for superior Na⁺ storage.     

彩涂生产线自动化系统

彩涂钢板自动化控制系统设计较为复杂,介绍了其构成,制定了交流控制系统方案,提出了自动控制系统设计流程,为需求方提供系统组成及所需控制系统的硬件运用与软件开发。     

房地产调控时期地方都市报的房地产报道探析——以《当代生活报·人居周刊》为个案

以“房地产调控时期”为背景,以广西南宁《当代生活报.人居周刊》为个案,分析了地方都市报房地产报道的广告新闻化、大众话语缺位、政策性报道不到位等问题,提出了转变报道观念、多元化报道等改进措施。     

车用材料有害物质管控策略研究

在源头加强车用材料有害物质管控,是促进汽车行业健康持续发展的重要途径。介绍了车用材料有害物质的主要危害、来源及替代趋势,分析了欧盟和中国有关车用材料有害物质标准法规的状况,给出了我国汽车企业管控策略,旨在提升法规应对能力和促进汽车工业优化升级。