Transfer effects on communication and collision avoidance behavior from playing a three-dimensional auditory game based on a virtual auditory display

Transfer effects on two everyday auditory skills from playing an auditory game using a virtual auditory display (VAD) were investigated using two groups of 20 normally sighted participants. Representative auditory skills of blindfolded participants were pre-tested using communication and collision avoidance tasks. They performed the tasks two weeks later. Participants in a training group played the VAD-based game on seven days (30 min/day) during the two weeks: control group participants did not. Playing the VAD-based game significantly increased face-contacts in the communication task and significantly improved participants’ collision avoidance. No significant differences were found between the groups’ subjective ratings of the rated tension levels during the communication task or between rated levels for the collision threat. Performance revealed transfer effects of playing the VAD-based game on communication behaviors in social interaction and on avoidance of approaching objects: VAD-based games are effective training tools for auditory skills used in daily life.     

一种用于语篇语义理解的语段划分模型的获取方法

在用于语篇语义理解的语段划分的MMT模型基础上,提出了一种语段划分模型的获取方法.该方法是在已分词的篇章语句中,引用冯志伟的汉语句子的多叉多标记树模型,在单句语义理解基础上,将语篇划分为各个语段,找出各语段间的层次关系,为语段内句子间意义分析做准备,最终达到篇章语义理解的目标.     

基于听觉模型的小波包变换的语音增强

由于人耳频率分辨率是非线性的 ,用传统的线性信号处理方法 (如FFT)来模拟人耳基底膜的频率分析特性是比较困难的 .小波包算法有灵活的时频分析能力 ,可较好地符合人耳基底膜的频率分析特性 .在模拟人耳的听觉机理方面 ,用动态阈值法成功地对含噪语音进行了去噪处理 ,在去噪处理中引入音乐噪声的问题也较好地得到解决 .实验表明 :在单声道的条件下 ,其语音增强效果比传统的频谱减法有更高的清晰度和可懂度     

基于CASA简化模型的语音增强算法

基于听觉现象分析（CASA）模型的基本原理,针对仅有非语音信号干扰情况下的单通道语音增强处理问题,利用人耳的频率掩蔽效应,提出了一种单通道简化CASA计算模型语音增强新算法,新算法通过提取混合语音输入中的有效语音时频成分并利用人耳的听觉掩蔽效应重构合成增强语音输出信号,通过在汽车噪声和白噪声干扰下的仿真实验结果表明,简化的CASA模型语音增强算法的输出信噪比约提高了10dB,且可以有效抑制干扰噪声的听觉影响,增强输出语音信号的可懂度。     

脑干听觉诱发电位测试中的遗传程序设计

提出了脑干听觉诱发电位测试的遗传程序设计方法,对脑干听觉诱发电位进行了自动建模.实验证明, 该方法性能优于传统的拟合方法,可用于实际测试过程.     

基于人耳听觉模型的语音质量客观评价方法

将人耳听觉模型应用于语音质量客观评价 ,用听觉模型对语音作处理得到近似的短时语音频谱 ,在此基础上得到谱距离作为语音质量的评判标准 .实验结果表明这种方法与主观评价结果的相关度达到 0 .83     

Topography of acoustic response characteristics in the auditory cortex of the Kunming mouse

Topography of acoustic response characteristics in the auditory cortex (AC) of the Kunming (KM) mouse has been examined by using microelectrode recording techniques. Based on best-frequency (BF) maps, both the primary auditory field (AI) and the anterior auditory field (AAF) are tonotopically organized with a counter running frequency gradient. Within an isofrequency stripe, the width of the frequency-threshold curves of single neurons increases, and minimum threshold (MT) decreases towards more ventral locations. BFs in AI and AAF range from 4 to 38 kHz. Auditory neurons with BFs above 40 kHz are located at the rostrodorsal part of the AC. The findings suggest that the KM mouse is a good model suitable for auditory research.     

A novel block copolymer with excellent amphiphobicity synthesized via ARGET ATRP

The poly(methyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(2‐[[[[2‐(perfluorohexyl)]‐sulfonyl]‐amino]ehthyl] methacrylate) (PMMA‐b‐PC₆SMA) copolymers were successfully synthesized for the first time using activator regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) method. Under optimized reaction conditions, the degree of polymerization (DP) of resulting copolymers increased approximately linearly with monomer conversion. Structures of a well‐defined block copolymer were determined by GPC, FT–IR, and ¹H‐NMR spectra. Results from AFM and contact angle measurements of polymer films revealed the presence of block segments derived from PC₆SMA, as indicated by the obvious increase in hydrophobicity and oleophobicity. The relationship between surface composition and surface wetting ability was confirmed by XPS and AFM spectra. Compared with the random copolymer PMMA‐co‐PC₆SMA, C₆SMA dosages in the PMMA‐b‐PC₆SMA copolymers were greatly decreased, which retained its hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 2040–2049     

Relaxation dynamics of selected polymer chain segments and comparison with theoretical models

Simultaneous measurement of infrared dichroism and birefringence is used to study selected polymer segment dynamics in isotopically labeled block copolymers. Two different polymers were studied: polybutadiene and poly (ethylene propylene). The first type consisted of a triblock with a short middle block labeled and a diblock with a short end block labeled, while the second type consisted of a triblock with three equal blocks and the end blocks labeled. Results of step strain experiments at –10°C for polybutadiene and at room temperature for poly(ethylene propylene) indicated that segments located at chain ends relax faster than segments located at chain centers. These experimental data were compared to the predictions of two molecular models: the bead-spring model of Rouse and the tube model of Doi and Edwards, and it was found that both models correctly predict the qualitative features of segmental relaxation. However, the tube-model predictions were closer to the experimental results. In addition, when the effects of orientational coupling interactions between segments in the melt were incorporated into this model, its predictions quantitatively agreed with the experimental results. The orientational coupling coefficient for poly(ethylene propylene) was 0.45 as measured from previous work, and for polybutadiene it was found to be 0.4.Delivered as a Keynote Lecture at the Golden Jubilee Conference of the British Society of Rheology and Third European Rheology Conference, Edinburgh, 3–7 September, 1990.Dedicated to Prof. R.S. Stein, University of Massachussets at Amherst, USA, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.     

Enhancing chain segments mobility to improve the fracture toughness of polypropylene

As a part of a serial work about the annealing inducing improvement of fracture toughness of polypropylene (PP) articles, in this work, a highly efficient mobilizer was introduced into PP and the injection-molded samples were annealed at different temperatures. The mobility of chain segments of PP was investigated by measuring the glass transition temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) were used to characterize the variation of crystalline structure of PP during the annealing process. The fracture behaviors including notched Izod impact fracture and universal tensile fracture were investigated to detect the mechanical properties in response to the variations of both chain segments mobility and crystalline structures. It was found that the mobilizer greatly improved the chain segments mobility. Further results showed that the mobilizer also induced apparent changes of the glass transition temperature and the degree of crystallinity of PP during the annealing process. Consequently, the annealed PP samples containing a few amount of mobilizer exhibited largely increased fracture toughness.