库区交汇河段水动力特性试验

以辽宁大凌河白石水库库区交汇河段为研究对象,通过模型试验,研究不同因素影响下其水动力特性的变化。结果表明:库区交汇流河段水深沿程增加,过流面积沿程加大,交汇口以上干支流流速沿程增加,而交汇口以下流速呈现沿程减小的显著特征;在入汇口下游的支流同侧必然存在回流区,随着汇流比的增加,回流区范围增大;坝前水位升高时,交汇区内流速绝对值减小,沿程变化率减小,主流线弯曲程度加大,回流区范围增大。     

Ka频段卫星通信系统雨衰混合补偿算法

为减少降雨衰减对Ka频段卫星通信系统的影响, 以降低误码率, 提出了一种混合补偿雨衰算法。该算法将基于一步线性前向预测原理的自适应功率控制方法结合速率分集技术, 由n时刻前的雨衰值预测n时刻的雨衰值, 进而调整功率, 并在功率控制达到极限时能根据信噪比动态地降低信息速率, 以获得较低的误码率。仿真结果表明, 与只应用功率控制技术的方法相比, 该方法具有较好的补偿效果, 能使误码率小于10^-7。     

Attenuation properties of EM wave by magnetized nonuniform plasma slab coated on perfect conductor plane

The total amplitude reflection coefficient of EM wave in a nonuniform plasma slab coated on perfect conductor plane is newly derived by using the scattering matrix method (SMM), and the attenuation is calculated. Three types of plasma electron density profile, that is the hyperbolic, sinusoidal, and linear profiles, are used. The external magnetic field and plasma parameters such as the maximum electron density and collision frequencies are discussed to calculate the attenuation of EM wave. The calculation results show that the plasma electron density profile and maximum electron density exert a large effect to the attenuation of EM wave and the attenuation under the uniform external magnetic field is taken place by the electron cyclotron resonance absorption, the up hybrid resonance absorption and geometric resonances absorption.     

Measurements of degree of sensitization (DoS) in aluminum alloys using EMAT ultrasound

Sensitization in 5XXX aluminum alloys is an insidious problem characterized by the gradual formation and growth of beta phase (Mg₂Al₃) at grain boundaries, which increases the susceptibility of alloys to intergranular corrosion (IGC) and intergranular stress-corrosion cracking (IGSCC). The degree of sensitization (DoS) is currently quantified by the ASTM G67 Nitric Acid Mass Loss Test, which is destructive and time consuming. A fast, reliable, and non-destructive method for rapid detection and the assessment of the condition of DoS in AA5XXX aluminum alloys in the field is highly desirable. In this paper, we describe a non-destructive method for measurements of DoS in aluminum alloys with an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). AA5083 aluminum alloy samples were sensitized at 100 °C with processing times varying from 7 days to 30 days. The DoS of sensitized samples was first quantified with the ASTM 67 test in the laboratory. Both ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in sensitized specimens were then measured using EMAT and the results were correlated with the DoS data. We found that the longitudinal wave velocity was almost a constant, independent of the sensitization, which suggests that the longitudinal wave can be used to determine the sample thickness. The shear wave velocity and especially the shear wave attenuation are sensitive to DoS. Relationships between DoS and the shear velocity, as well as the shear attenuation have been established. Finally, we performed the data mining to evaluate and improve the accuracy in the measurements of DoS in aluminum alloys with EMAT.     

降雨对532nm和1064nm激光传输的衰减特性研究

降雨会对激光信号产生严重的衰减,从而给激光目标探测的应用带来一定影响.激光在降雨中的传输衰减已在红外波段做了大量的实验研究,而可见光波段激光在雨中的传输衰减特性还未见报道.基于夫琅禾费衍射和几何光学散射理论,建立雨滴对532 nm绿激光和1064 nm近红外激光光束的传输衰减模型,对比分析两波长激光在不同降雨量下的衰减...     

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为了获取HL-2A等离子体的离子温度、旋转速度及其分布等重要参数,首次在HL-2A装置上开展了CXRS诊断。通过利用能有效探测微弱光的EMCCD和特殊设计的光学采集系统,获得了具有足够信噪比的诊断信号。实验得到的测量信号分析表明,设计是切实可行的。     

空气中PM2.5的扩散衰减与预测分析

以西安市2013年1月1日-9月19日的空气污染监测数据为例,采用非稳态的二维多箱模型,综合考虑了风向、季节等因素的影响,对西安市PM2.5的面源污染扩散和衰减规律进行模拟预测,计算模型相对误差;再选用高斯模型对某一天西安市突发情况下PM2.5浓度扩散情况进行点源污染扩散预测,并评价模型的有效性.     

岩石冲击损伤特性的声波测试研究

在配有软回收装置的平板碰撞实验台上进行两种典型岩石冲击损伤实验，并对回收样品进行超声波测试，得知岩石的动态损伤与冲击速度和超声波衰减系数有关，后者较好的反映了岩石的损伤程度。结果表明声波衰减系数可作为表征岩石损伤模型的主要参量。     

高分子梯度溶液吸声机理的研究

制备了高分子均匀溶液和梯度溶液,并在声管中测试其声衰减性能.实验结果表明,高分子梯度溶液的声衰减效果明显优于(即大于)相应的均匀溶液的声衰减.根据连续分层介质中声波传播理论建立了计算高分子梯度溶液声衰减的数学模型.计算结果与实验结果一致.由实验和理论分析结果得出了高分子梯度溶液的梯度吸声机理,即多次反射、多次吸收,最终将声能转化为热能.