具有核壳结构球形微粒的电磁波散射与吸收

基于核壳双层结构球形微粒的电磁波散射与吸收理论,对空心核壳、实心核壳的电磁波散射、吸收特性进行分析,讨论了电磁波波长与微粒粒径不同比例下的核壳结构几何参数、物理参数对入射电磁波散射和吸收的影响.     

具有Markov跳跃参数的一类非线性系统的鲁棒反馈镇定

利用随机控制的Lyapunov设计方法,研究了一类带Markov跳跃参数的随机非线性混合系统的鲁棒控制问题.给出了受方差不确定的Wiener噪声干扰的跳跃严格反馈系统的镇定设计,该设计可使稳态误差在4阶矩意义下收敛到一个小范围内.     

超细颗粒悬浊液中声衰减和声速的数值模拟-- 4种模型的比较

分别运用了4种数学模型 ECAH模型、Harker & Temple模型、BLBL模型以及McClements模型研究了声波在超细颗粒悬浊液中传播的衰减和相速度,对各种模型的数值模拟计算结果进行了比较,讨论了各种衰减机制对模拟结果的影响. 结果对将超声方法用于悬浊液和乳剂中的颗粒粒度、浓度测量的实验研究和工程应用均有一定参考价值.     

钢管-轮胎浮式防波堤消波的几个影响因子

结合试验结果，分析了钢管－轮胎结构浮式防波堤消波的几个影响因子，并从筏体的刚度、倾斜度、挡浪面积以及自振频率方面对浮筏结构进行改进，提出了一个新的钢管－轮胎浮式结构。此结构可增加浮筏对波能的反射和消耗，有效减少浮筏的自主波浪，可在较不利的入射波要素下，使浮筏的波高传递系数最低达0．22。     

Photon channelling in foams

Experiments by Gittings, Bandyopadhyay and Durian (Europhys. Lett. 65, 414 (2004)) demonstrate that light possesses a higher probability to propagate in the liquid phase of a foam due to total reflection. The authors term this observation photon channelling which we investigate in this article theoretically. We first derive a central relation in the work of Gitting et al. without any free parameters. It links the photon's path-length fraction f in the liquid phase to the liquid fraction ɛ. We then construct two-dimensional Voronoi foams, replace the cell edges by channels to represent the liquid films and simulate photon paths according to the laws of ray optics using transmission and reflection coefficients from Fresnel's formulas. In an exact honeycomb foam, the photons show superdiffusive behavior. It becomes diffusive as soon as disorder is introduced into the foams. The dependence of the diffusion constant on channel width and refractive index is explained by a one-dimensional random-walk model. It contains a photon channelling state that is crucial for the understanding of the numerical results. At the end, we shortly comment on the observation that photon channelling only occurs in a finite range of ɛ.     

Measurement of the K X-ray absorption jump factors and jump ratios of Gd, Dy, Ho and Er by attenuation of a Compton peak

The X-ray absorption jump factor and jump ratio of Gd, Dy, Ho and Er were measured with a Si(Li) detector by attenuation, with Gd, Dy, Ho and Er foil, a Compton peak produced by the scattering of the Am-241 Gamma rays. Al was chosen as secondary exciter. The experimental absorption jump factors and jump ratios are compared with the theoretical estimates of WinXcom (Radiat. Phys. Chem. 60 (2001) 23), McMaster (Compilation of X-ray cross sections UCRL-50174, 1969; Sec. II. Rev. I), Broll (X-ray Spectrom 15 (1986) 271), Hubbel and Seltzer (NISTIR (1995) 5632) and Budak (Radiat. Meas. accepted for publication). The present results constitute the first measurement for this combination of energy and elements, and good agreement is obtained between experiment and theory.     

蜡状芽孢杆菌对番茄青枯雷尔氏菌致病性的影响

青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）从其致病性上可分为能使植株发病的强致病力菌株和不能使植株发病的弱致病力菌株．利用蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）与致病性稳定的青枯雷尔氏菌强致病力菌株进行共培养，处理后的青枯雷尔氏菌在TTC平板上表现为弱毒株的菌落特征，出现了致弱现象．经过16S rDNA基因序列测定，证明了用蜡状芽孢杆菌处理前后的菌株为青枯雷尔氏菌，并非是其它的污染菌株，通过回接番茄盆栽苗发现致弱前的青枯雷尔氏菌能有效引起番茄发生青枯病，而致弱后的菌株丧失致病力．不能引起番茄发病，     

Modal attenuation in metal-clad graded-index slab optical waveguides

The paper presents the influence of refractive profile shape on the distribution of modal attenuation in planar metal-clad optical waveguide structures. A calculation method has been presented in which we applied the Snyder–Love expression on modal attenuation coefficients and matrix method 4 × 4 for the analysis of planar waveguides. The obtained results are almost identical with the exact results for refractive profiles: the parabolic, exponential, Gaussian and linear ones. It has been demonstrated that the applied calculation method can be used in waveguides of any profiles of the refractive index.     

Ultrasonic characterization of heavy metal TeO2–WO3–PbO glasses below room temperature

The longitudinal ultrasonic attenuation measurements have been made using pulse echo method at fundamental frequencies of 2, 4, 6 and 8 MHz in 20WO₃–(80−x) TeO₂–xPbO ternary tellurite glasses (x=10, 12.5, 15, 17.5 and 20 mol%) in the temperature range 160–280 K. The results showed the presence of a broad peak which shifts to higher temperature with increasing frequency. The ultrasonic attenuation peaks suggest that the experimental behavior is controlled by thermally activated structural relaxations. The internal friction, acoustic activation energy, deformation potential, relaxation strength, number of loss centers and density of state have been calculated both as a function of temperature and PbO content. The acoustic activation energy was found to decrease from 0.156 to 0.135 eV with the increase of PbO content. The results showed that both the number of loss centers and their activation energy decrease with the atomic ring size. An increase in the density of state is observed with addition of PbO content at the same frequency in the whole range of temperature which is associated with structural units formed when PbO is added.     

A study of sound intensity control for active noise barriers

Active noise control systems have been applied to increase the insertion loss of noise barriers where the squared sound pressure or the total acoustic energy density is used as the cost function in previous works. The absolute value of the mean active sound intensity is chosen as the cost function to obtain extra sound insertion loss in the dark area of a hybrid active noise barrier system in this note. The strategy of minimizing the near-field sound intensity at discrete locations along the edge of the passive barrier is shown to be able to provide better far-field noise reduction than that of minimizing the squared sound pressure control. Both numerical simulations and off-line experiments are carried out with a three-channel demonstration system, where the locations of the secondary sources and the error sensors are optimized and comparisons are made between the extra sound pressure attenuation of the sound intensity control and that of the squared sound pressure control.