On‐line Determination of Particle Size Distributions in Flowing Dispersions

Emulsions are of great importance to industry. They are involved in many engineering operations, including chemical reactions, extraction, emulsification and suspension polymerization, etc. However, an important problem for these processes is how to control the size distribution of the dispersed phase. Indeed, off‐line analysis of the emulsion may generate uncertainties due to sampling and dilution of the product, which are likely to change the dispersion state and physico‐chemical properties. In this work, an on‐line optical method is proposed to characterize dispersed media in real flowing conditions. This method is based on the time‐analysis of back‐scattered light fluctuations. The present paper deals with the development of this method and its application to dispersions of alumina in water. The results obtained with the on‐line optical method are compared with those acquired by classical laser light scattering and microscopy.     

乳化液膜法净化湿法磷酸除镁研究

采用乳化液膜技术对湿法磷酸进行脱镁净化是一种净化湿法磷酸的新途径。采用正交试验设计方法组织实验，结果表明在实验研究范围内，萃取剂对湿法磷酸中脱镁效果有高度显著的影响，而表面活性剂、膜试剂和反萃取剂对镁的脱除有一定影响。     

Features of the total disintegration events of heavyemulsion targets caused by 4.5A GeV/c16O

Total disintegration events produced by 4.5\,A GeV/c $^{16}$O--AgBr interactions are analysed to investigate the characteristics of secondary charged particles produced in such collisions. The multiplicity distributions of grey, black, and relativistic charged particles can be well represented by Gaussian distribution. The average multiplicity of grey particles is found to increase with the mass of projectile increasing, while that of black particles is found to decrease with the mass of projectile increasing. This result is in good agreement with the prediction of fireball model. Finally, the linear dependence between grey and black particles is observed, but there is no distinct dependence between the production of relativistic charged particles and the target excitation.     

高温多雨地区高等级沥青路面材料的分析与应用措施

针对南方高温多雨地区的气候特点 ,为解决沥青混凝土路面修筑后的高温稳定性和水稳定性这两个突出的问题 ,依据本单位的一个工程实践 ,从集料、沥青、级配设计、施工工艺等方面进行了系统的分析与阐述。说明高温多雨地区高等级沥青路面只要材料科学选择、严格控制、应用措施得当 ,质量是能够达到规范要求的     

在油酸钠存在下醋酸乙烯酯──甲基丙烯酸甲酯的无乳化剂乳液共聚

本文研究了在油酸钠存在下醋酸乙烯酯──甲基丙烯酸甲酯的无乳化剂乳液共聚。发现油酸钠加速聚合反应，并测定了胶乳粒子。     

高含固量聚苯乙烯－聚丙烯酸酯复合乳胶的合成及表征

本文采用种子乳液聚合技术，合成聚苯乙烯－聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液，用ＴＥＭ电镜观察其乳液的形态，用ＧＰＣ方法测定了乳胶聚合物的化学组成。     

硼铁矿高炉冶炼过程中铀的物化行为

硼铁矿中含有微量铀，采用液态核乳胶照相，铀的价态分析，Ｘ射线衍射分析，电子探针等手段，测定了矿石中的铀以晶质铀矿物形成存在。矿石经高炉冶炼大部分ＵＯ３被还原成ＵＯ２在渣中富集，渣中的铀仍以晶质铀矿物形式存在。铀与其它矿物镶嵌关系及颗粒度大小均发生了变化。     

三组元乳化液雾化特性的研究

采用Malvern粒度仪对柴油、甲醇和水三组元乳化液的雾化特性进行了研究。实验发现:对于压力雾化喷嘴来说,本文所涉及的乳化液由于粘度高于纯柴油,因此雾化效果比纯柴油差,而且喷射压力、乳化剂的粘度和乳化液的组份对乳化液的雾化特性具有显著的影响。随着喷射压力的升高,乳化液喷雾粒径将随之减小;若乳化液中柴油的含量(柴油不少于50％)降低,乳化液的雾化粒径将随之增加;若采用高粘度的乳化剂,相应乳化液喷雾的粒径也大。     

沥青路面水损坏原因及防治

分析了沥青路面水损坏的原因,从几个方面提出了防治沥青路面水损坏的具体措施。     

粉状乳化炸药生产过程中乳化剂的选用及影响

论述了粉乳炸药生产过程中乳化剂对生产及产品的影响,并以实例对不同厂家及不同批次的乳化剂在生产过程中表现的不同现象及采取的相应对策作了比较。