Artificial red cells with crosslinked hemoglobin membranes

Artificial cells containing concentrated hemoglobin (Hb) solution were prepared by interfacial polymerization of Hb with glutaraldehyde (GA) in liquid membrane capsules (LMC). A solution containing 30% of Hb was emulsified in mineral oil as red cell-size microdroplets, and this emulsion was dispersed in an aqueous phase containing glutaraldehyde to form LMC. The LMC were semipermeable templates that held the microdroplets of Hb in suspension while GA diffused through the oil to the microdroplet surfaces. The GA crosslinked Hb at the surface of each microdroplet to form an artificial red-cell membrane encapsulating Hb solution. A water-soluble surfactant was used to eject the cells from the LMC and suspend them in saline. Several surfactants were evaluated. Cell size was controlled by agitation speed during preparation of the original emulsion. Cells of 2.52 = ±1.69 μm were prepared. The encapsulated Hb retained capacity to bind and release O₂. The cells had aP ₅₀ of 8.9 torr (1200 Pa) and a capacity of 0.55 cc O₂/g of total Hb, indicating that the crosslinked portion of the Hb did not contribute to O₂ transport.     

从色谱分离到智慧医疗所涉及共同的数学物理本质:不可逆性

溶质带中的众多分子在固定相-流动相环境中的色谱分离过程能够类比成疾病高危人群在多种暴露因素的疾病严重程度排序。色谱过程和机器疾病诊断-医嘱的共性在于对成分或个体疾病状态的分离或分类，二者都表现出随时间演化的不可逆性，但前者属于线性非平衡热力学而后者属于耗散结构的非线性非平衡热力学。当将科学视野从药物检测和制备扩展到循证医学、离散数学（公理集合论、概率测度）、人工智能（AI）-云计算领域时，对流-扩散方程和非平衡热力学中的不可逆性就成了色谱分离和智慧医疗两个交叉领域的共同的、核心的数学物理本质。抓住不可逆性这一学科间的共性特征，构建和发展这两个领域统一的、全覆盖的数学构架，具有深远的科学和现实意义。     

Application of FAHP and Artificial Neural Network on Clothing Plant Location

Clothing manufacturers＇ direct investment and joint ventures in developing regions have seen to grow rapidly in the past few decades. Non-optimized selection can contribute to adverse effects affecting the performance of the plants on aspects of productivity, manufacturing and logistics cost. Selection of proper plant location is thus crucial. The conventional approaches to sites location are based on the factors and their weights. However, determining the weight of each factor is very difficult and time consuming. While the situation is changed, all the work must be redone again. This study aims to develop a decision-making system on clothing plant location for Hoog Kong clothing manufacturer. The proposed system utilizes artificial neural network to study the relationship between the factors and the suitability index of candidate sites. Firstly, the factors are stratified using the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process （FAHP） by review the related references and interviewing the experts. Secondly, the corresponding data are collected from the experts by questionnaire and the related government publication. Finally, the feedforward neural network with error backpropagation（EBP） learning algorithm is trained and applied to make decision. The results show that the proposed system performs well and has the characteristic of adaptability and plasticity.     

超氧化物歧化酶在模拟人体胃肠环境中稳定性的研究

本文以中国药典中的人工胃液和人工肠液作为模拟人体胃肠环境，对超氧化物歧化酶的稳定性进行了一系列单独及综合的研究。研究结果发现，超氧化物歧化酶在人工胃液中会受到较强的破坏，而在人工液中则颇为稳定。同时还发现，尽管是天然结构的超氧化物歧化酶对胃蛋白酶和胰酶具有较强的耐受力，但被胃酸处理后结构松散的超氧化物歧化酶却可被胃蛋白酶和胰酶较有效地水解。     

隐节点竞争BP模型

通过分析ＢＰ网络在局部极小状态下的微观特性，给出一种在隐藏层引入竞争机制的网络模型──隐节点竞争ＢＰ模型，试验表明该模型不仅有效地克服了局部极小问题，而且加快了学习速度。另外，还对本文提出的Ｏ竞争和已有的δ竞争进行了比较，并验证了Ｏ竞争的有效性。     

人工神经元网络辅助催化剂生产

本文提出了一种探索催化剂生产优惠操作条件的新方法，从而使最终产品的质量得以提高，并能节约人力、物力、寻优是依据数学模型离线进行的。模型采用人工神经元网络ＡＮＮ以实际上并不完全的历史数据训练后自动产生。     

福宝山莼莱营养器官解剖研究

莼菜的不定根生于地下茎节的两侧，呈蔟生状。解剖结构与莲藕相似，具有发达的通气腔，无机械组织的分化，莼菜地下茎匍匐于泥中，粗壮、锈褐色，能迅速伸长生长；地上茎浮生水中，多分枝，细长，绿色；二者都具有发达的通气腔和双韧维管束；但后者在未成熟时，其表皮上被有腺毛，成熟的盾叶解剖构造与莲藕相似，但未成熟叶的解剖构造特殊，下表皮上有发达的腺毛，上表皮由二层细胞构成；叶肉细胞不分化，外韧维管束。     

一类复杂规划问题的分层规划方法

分析了“计划编制”问题的特点，指出在ＡＩ中，此问题可归结为一类多施主（ｍｕｌｔｉ－ａｇｅｎｔ），并需对动作发生的时间、地点和动作的对象进行规划的复杂规划问题。据此，本文拓展了Ａｌｌｅｎ和Ｓ．Ａ，Ｖｅｒｅ的时间包（ｐａｃｋａｇｅ）和时间推理的某些概念，提出了时间窗口的概念及以此来求解“计划编制”问题的分层规划方法。最后给出了一个实际问题的解法。     

人工种皮研究的现状及展望

介绍和讨论了人工种皮的概念和优点,目前国内外研究情况,人工胚乳(内层)中凝胶系统的应用及外层保护膜的成膜方法,存在的问题和解决的途径,以及研究展望.     

BP神经网络在图书智能分布中的应用研究

通过分析如何提高图书的利用率,得出了将人工智能技术引入到图书智能分布中的必要性,并提出了采用神经网络技术来解决这一问题的方法。实验的结果表明该方法可以很好地应用在图书的智能分布中。