不同战场环境下超低空导弹目标抗多径方法

多径干扰是影响超低空探测的主要因素,针对防空导弹对超低空导弹目标探测问题,研究了不同战场环境下的抗多径方法。采用物理光学法与等效电磁流混合方法(PO+MEC)快速获取导弹目标的电磁散射特性,结合传统的四路径模型,并引入导引头天线方向图对其进行修正,提取出不同战场环境下超低空导弹目标的多径干扰。仿真结果表明,不同的战场环境对应着不同的布儒斯特角,混凝土、半干地、干地和湿地环境下所对应的布儒斯特角分别为30°、26.5°、21.5°和10.5°;当导引头采用VV极化方式以布儒斯特角下视探测超低空导弹目标时,多径干扰达到极小水平,所接收信号的信干比达到极大水平,此时导引头对于超低空导弹目标的探测能力最强,目标回波最为明显。仿真结果对于防空导弹弹道优化具有借鉴意义,为超低空对抗打下基础。     

电化学法制备Ni-W-P纳米线阵列电极及其催化析氢性能

采用二次氧化法制备了多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板, 通过控制电位沉积技术在AAO模板内组装了Ni-W-P合金纳米线阵列. 在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下观察到Ni-W-P纳米线表面光滑, 长约20 μm, 直径均匀(约为100 nm), 与AAO模板孔径基本一致. 阴极极化曲线和交流阻抗图谱(EIS)的测试结果表明, Ni-W-P合金纳米线阵列电极析氢反应(HER)电阻减小, 具有更高的催化析氢活性, 电流密度为10 mA·cm^-2时, 析氢极化电位较Ni-W-P合金电极正移约250 mV.     

阵列桥箔电爆炸过程数值模拟

为提高金属桥箔电爆炸的能量利用效率,增加桥箔电爆炸等离子体作用范围,设计了金属阵列桥箔结构,采用有限元流体动力学方法对金属阵列桥箔电爆炸过程进行了数值模拟.利用相变分数和考虑电离度、粒子数目变化及粒子间库仑作用的等离子体状态方程,实现了金属导体在脉冲大电流作用下电爆炸产生等离子体及冲击波的数值模拟计算.对比分析了阵列桥箔在有加速膛通道和无加速膛自由场两种情况下的电爆炸等离子体流场特征及演化规律.计算结果表明,两种情况下等离子体束在叠加汇聚区压力较高,在无加速膛自由场中电爆炸初始冲击波速度和等离子体射流传播速度都较高;在有加速膛情况下,由于气体粘性作用,管壁附近存在一个高压低速边界层,加速膛通道内冲击结构较为复杂.     

基于改进平滑 l 0 范数的 DOA 估计算法

为提高现有基于压缩感知的 DOA(Direction of Arrival)估计算法估计精度, 提出一种基于改进平滑 l 0 范数 的 DOA 估计算法。 该算法在构造一个恰当的平滑连续函数后根据接收数据的初始解确定一个合适的递减{δ} 序列[δ1 ,δ 2 ,…,δ J ], 并对每个δ 值, 采用最速下降法求解 l 0 范数逼近函数 Fδ (S)的最小值; 然后将该δ 值作 为下一次迭代的初始值, 并通过多次的迭代获得逼近函数的最小解, 即逼近的最小 l 0 范数。 同时通过仿真实 验对该算法进行了验证。 结果表明, 该算法在单快拍条件下即可对 DOA 进行有效估计, 与 OMP(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit)算法相比, 运算过程简单、 精度较高, 具有更好的估计性能。     

共面波导馈电的新型圆极化天线阵列

提出了一种新型共面波导(CPW)馈电的1×2圆极化阵列天线及改进后的2×2阵列天线.为了改善阵列天线的圆极化轴比带宽,将顺序旋转馈电技术与共面波导-槽线馈电网络相结合,设计了用于微带贴片天线的新型馈电网络.仿真与实测结果证明,该类型的馈电网络可以同时改善阵列天线的阻抗带宽与轴比带宽.实测结果表明,1×2线阵的阻抗带宽与轴比带宽分别为3.79%和16.41%.2×2面阵的阻抗带宽与轴比带宽分别为3.61%和10.83%.     

光伏阵列双二极管简化模型的建立与仿真

双二极管模型是最能精确表述光伏电池特性的模型,但由于参数过多会增加求解难度,降低求解速度.为此提出一种参数简化的双二极管模型,并设计了对应的算法,将双二极管电流精确化,然后分别利用最大功率匹配法和牛顿迭代法求解参数.通过计算机仿真表明:不同光照和温度下的仿真结果与实际测试阵列的输出相一致,比单二极管Rp模型和双二极管Kashif模型的精度提高了68%和20%,且仿真时间缩短了63%和17%.该简化模型可以为光伏发电系统的优化配置和最大功率点跟踪提供快速和准确的研究基础.     

圆形阵列无线传感器的鸟鸣声检测方法*

针对海岛湿地自然保护区鸟类等发声动物监测困难的问题,开发了基于物联网的圆形阵列无线传感器实时在线监测系统。鉴于保护区现场环境条件的特殊性,为保障传感器系统在野外长期稳定运行,需减少无鸣声数据的传输量来减轻系统负担,该文提出了基于子带能量谱熵比的动态双门限鸟类鸣声端点检测算法,对监测数据的有效鸣声段检测后实时回传到云平台。经过仿真和野外实测数据对比了不同信噪比下的鸣声检测性能,结果表明在暴风雨、风浪等海岛自然环境噪声下,鸟鸣声端点检测算法的准确率达90%以上,基本可实现海岛环境中的有效鸣声端点检测,提升了圆形阵列无线传感器系统的可靠性。     

Mixed noise removal algorithm of EBAPS image under low illumination condition based on FPGA北大核心CSCD

In order to solve the problem that single median filtering and gaussian filtering algorithm is not effective in suppressing impulse noise and poisson noise simultaneously in low illumination image, and the edge detail protection is insufficient, an open and close mix-median-gaussian (OCMMG) filtering algorithm based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) was proposed. Firstly, the minimum four-direction difference was used to detect the anomaly degree of each pixel point, the weight was allocated according to the threshold of pulse noise discrimination, and the first step was filtering. Then, the four-direction edge detection algorithm was used to extract image edges, and the second step was filtered according to the set edge confidence characterization value. Finally, the images collected by electron bombarded active pixel sensor (EBAPS) under the condition of 1×10−3 lx illumination were processed by FPGA in real time. The experimental results show that the FPGA processing results are consistent with the software simulation processing results. Compared with the median filtering and gaussian filtering algorithm, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the algorithm is improved by 3.23% and 16.34%, the structural similarity is improved by 14.66% and 33.86%, and the edge retention index is improved by 0.49% and 4.21%, respectively, which can effectively remove the mixed noise of EBAPS image and meet the real-time requirements. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

High power supercontinuum generation by dual-color femtosecond laser pulses in fused silica

High power supercontinuum (SC) is generated by focusing 800 nm and 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses in fused silica with a microlens array. It is found that the spectrum of the SC is getting broader compared with the case of a single laser pulse, and the spectral energy density between the two fundamental laser wavelengths is getting significantly higher by optimizing the phase matching angle of the BBO. It exceeds μJ/nm over 490 nm range which is from 380 nm to 870 nm, overcoming the disadvantage of relative lower power in the ranges far from the fundamental wavelength.     

Optical fiber FBG linear sensing systems for the on-line monitoring of airborne high temperature air duct leakage

Electrical sensing systems, such as those involving eutectic salt, are mostly used in connection to leakage from existing airborne high-temperature air-conducting pipelines. Such complex structured systems are susceptible to external interferences and, thus, cannot meet the increasingly strict monitoring needs of a complex air-conducting pipeline system of an aircraft. In view of this point, this paper studies an alternative sensor system based on a dense array fiber grating. To obtain a compact and light-weight airborne signal processing system, a field programmable gate array is used as the main control core that controls the output of the light source. The functions of pulse modulation, analog-to-digital conversion, data buffering and transmission are integrated into a single system, while the linear sensing monitoring is obtained by detecting the time-division and wavelength-division wavelength drift signals of the fiber Bragg grating array. Our experiments show that the spatial resolution of the linear sensing system approaches 5 cm, the temperature measurement accuracy reaches 2 ℃, the temperature measurement range is between 0-250 ℃, and the response time is within 4 s. Compared with the existing electrical monitoring systems, various monitoring indicators have been greatly improved and have broad application prospects.