空腹式刚架拱桥梁拱节点三维光弹性试验研究

福州市尤溪洲闽江大桥是国内首座在拱肋（圈）上不设立柱和斜撑的空腹式刚架拱桥．作为空腹式刚架拱桥受力关键部位——梁与拱的连接部位，受力及构造复杂．通过三维光弹性试验，研究该梁、拱结合部的内力传递、应力集中、局部应力分布规律，为空腹式刚架拱桥节点设计、施工提供依据．     

高地应力下大型地下洞室拱形优化研究

高地应力区的大型洞室开挖会引起洞室拱周附近围岩应力集中和塑性区加大以及塑性应变的增加，但过高的应力集中会增加岩爆发生的几率，塑性区的加深会促使围岩失稳；洞室拱形形状会影响围岩应力集中和塑性区大小的分布，因此，以某高地应力下的大型发电洞岩体地质资料为依托，用弹塑性有限元分析高地应力地下大型发电洞室常采用的3种洞室拱形（即单心圆拱、三心圆拱和椭圆拱）对拱部围岩应力的影响，计算结果表明这种影响是非常明显的，有的应力集中系数达到3．33，无论采用哪种拱形，均避不开拱座附近应力集中现象。根据开挖后拱部围岩的塑性耗散能可以判断，无论初始地应力侧压系数是多少，椭圆拱是最优的，其次是三心圆拱。     

Non-linear interactions in imperfect beams at veering

Non-linear interactions in a hinged-hinged uniform moderately curved beam with a torsional spring at one end are investigated. The two-mode interaction is a one-to-one autoparametric resonance activated in the vicinity of veering of the frequencies of the lowest two modes and results from the non-linear stretching of the beam centerline. The excitation is a base acceleration that is involved in a primary resonance with either the first mode only or with both modes. The ensuing non-linear responses and their stability are studied by computing force- and frequency-response curves via bifurcation analysis tools. Both the sensitivity of the internal resonance detuning—the gap between the veering frequencies—and the linear modal structure are investigated by varying the rise of the beam half-sinusoidal rest configuration and the torsional spring constant. The internal and external resonance detunings are varied accordingly to construct the non-linear system response curves. The beam mixed-mode response is shown to undergo several bifurcations, including Hopf and homoclinic bifurcations, along with the phenomenon of frequency island generation and mode localization.     

钢管混凝土纯压拱失稳临界荷载计算的等效柱法

在双重非线性有限元分析的基础上,进行了钢管混凝土纯压拱失稳临界荷载的简化计算方法——等效柱法的研究,提出了等效柱法中考虑矢跨比影响的稳定系数K₁ 以及考虑初始几何缺陷影响的折减系数K₂及其与现有规范相对应的计算公式。与有限元计算结果的对比表明,采用考虑矢跨比因素的稳定系数的等效柱法能较精确地估算钢管混凝土纯压拱的非线性失稳临界荷载,且计算精度受含钢率和钢材种类变化的影响较小。     

地铁车站地下拱型结构的光弹性应力分析

本文用三维光弹性法，对地铁车站地下拱型结构进行了实验应力分析并绘出主应力迹线。文中还提出对加压用乳胶气囊进行高温、高压预处理工艺，使乳胶气囊和模型曲面很好地吻合，从而提高了加载的准确度。     

集中载荷作用下圆拱梁的静分叉问题

采用有限元法中的伪弧长算法研究了集中载荷作用下圆拱的大范围非线性问题,给出了临界载荷与圆心角间的关系曲缄以及极值分叉与简单分叉的分界点,并对屈曲后的变形进行了追踪,文中首先简述伪弧长算法,然后给出了计算结果。     

Snap-through under unilateral displacement control with constant velocity

When the side of a beverage can or the domed lid of a jar is pushed inward, all or part of the structure may suddenly snap into an inverted configuration. The velocity of the pushing motion affects this instability. Most previous analyses of snap-through have considered force control (increasing the pushing force, e.g., a weight). Snap-through under dynamic, unilateral displacement control is investigated here, with the indentor moving at constant velocity (as in a universal testing machine) until snap-through occurs. Shallow elastic arches with immovable pinned ends are analyzed. Attention is focused on the critical height of the indentor at which snap-through is initiated. The effects of the indentor velocity, indentor location along the span, initial arch height, and damping magnitude are investigated. In addition, experiments are conducted on shallow buckled beams, which behave similarly to arches. Usually, the higher the indentor velocity, the further the indentor must move before snap-through occurs.     

Stability of a shallow arch with one end moving at constant speed

In this paper we consider a shallow arch with rise parameter h, free of lateral loading, but subject to prescribed end motion e with constant speed c. Attention is focused on finding out whether dynamic snap-through will occur. Quasi-static analysis is first performed to identify all equilibrium configurations and their stability properties when e and h are specified. If the arch is stretched quasi-statically, it will be straightened up and no snap-through will occur. However, when the speed c is not negligible it is possible for the arch to snap to the other side dynamically. Careful analysis shows that the only possible situation when dynamic snap-through may occur is and . In this case, to prevent dynamic snap-through to occur the end speed c must not exceed a critical speed, which is a function of e and h. The minimum critical stretching speed is found to be 25.9 for all possible combinations of e and h.     

桁架拱结构在地震动双向多点激励下的反应分析

基于经验相干损失函数和《建筑抗震设计规范》定义的反应谱模拟了空间变化地震动,进行了空间变化水平向和竖向地震动共同激励下桁架拱结构的反应分析。数值分析结果表明,与一致激励引起的结构反应相比,考虑地震动的空间变化增大了桁架拱结构的地震反应,引起地震动空间变化的每一个因素对于结构反应都有重要的影响。传统的基于一致地震动和仅考...     

挖动岩体联锁咬合岩块结构及其表现形式再研究

首次采用非连续变形分析 (DDA) ,分别对挖动岩体结构中的“三咬拱”与“咬合梁”结构模式、形态、位移与关键层进行动态模拟。得出一些有意义的结论